Sepsis na haihuwa

Neonatal sepsis cuta ce ta jini da ke faruwa a cikin ƙaramin yaro ƙasa da kwanaki 90. Farkon farkon fara ganuwa a makon farko na rayuwa. Jinkirin farko ya fara faruwa bayan sati 1 zuwa watanni 3 da haihuwa.

Ciwon mara na haihuwa zai iya haifar da kwayoyin cuta kamar Escherichia coli (E coli), Listeria, da kuma wasu nau'ikan streptococcus. Rukunin B streptococcus (GBS) ya kasance babban abin da ke haifar da cutar sepsis. Koyaya, wannan matsalar ta zama ba gama gari ba saboda ana duba mata yayin daukar ciki. Hakanan kwayar cutar ta herpes simplex (HSV) na iya haifar da mummunan kamuwa da cuta a cikin jariri sabon haihuwa. Wannan yana faruwa galibi lokacin da mahaifiya ta sami sabon cutar.

Farkon farkon lokacin haihuwar jariri mafi yawancin lokuta yakan bayyana ne tsakanin awanni 24 zuwa 48 na haihuwa. Jariri na kamuwa da cutar daga mahaifiyarsa kafin ko lokacin haihuwa. Mai zuwa yana haifar da haɗarin jariri na saurin kamuwa da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta:

• Mulkin mallaka na GBS yayin daukar ciki
• Isarwar lokacin haihuwa
• Karyewar ruwa (fashewar membranes) fiye da awanni 18 kafin haihuwa
• Kamuwa da cututtukan mahaifa da ruwan ciki (chorioamnionitis)

Jarirai masu fama da sepsis na farkon haihuwa sun kamu da cutar bayan haihuwa. Mai zuwa yana ƙara haɗarin jariri ga sepsis bayan haihuwa:

• Samun catheter a cikin jijiyoyin jini na dogon lokaci
• Tsayawa a asibiti na tsawan lokaci

Yara jarirai da sepsis na jarirai na iya samun alamun bayyanar masu zuwa:

• Canjin yanayin jiki
• Matsalar numfashi
• Gudawa ko raguwar hanji
• Sugararancin sukarin jini
• Rage motsi
• Rage tsotsa
• Kamawa
• Sannu a hankali ko saurin bugun zuciya
• Yankin ciki mai kumbura
• Amai
• Fata mai launin rawaya da fararen idanu (jaundice)

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje na iya taimakawa wajen gano sepsis na jarirai da kuma gano dalilin kamuwa da cutar. Gwajin jini na iya haɗawa da:

• Al'adar jini
• C-mai amsa furotin
• Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC)

Idan jariri yana da alamun sepsis, za a yi hujin lumbar (kashin baya) don kallon ruwan kashin baya don ƙwayoyin cuta. Za a iya yin al'adun fata, da tabo, da fitsari don kwayar cutar ta herpes, musamman idan uwar tana da tarihin kamuwa da cuta.

Za'a aikata x-ray idan jaririn yana da tari ko matsalar numfashi.

Ana yin gwajin al’adar fitsari a jariran da suka girmi ’yan kwanaki.

An fara jariran da basu wuce makonni 4 ba waɗanda suke da zazzaɓi ko wasu alamun kamuwa da cutar rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta (IV) kai tsaye. (Yana iya ɗaukar awanni 24 zuwa 72 don samun sakamakon binciken.) Yaran da aka haifa waɗanda iyayensu mata ke da cutar chorioamnionitis ko kuma waɗanda ke cikin haɗari saboda wasu dalilai suma za su iya samun maganin rigakafin na IV da farko, koda kuwa ba su da wata alama.

Jariri zai sami maganin rigakafi na tsawon makonni 3 idan an sami ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jini ko ruwan kashin baya. Jiyya za ta gajerta idan ba a sami ƙwayoyin cuta ba.

Za a yi amfani da maganin rigakafin ƙwayar cuta da ake kira acyclovir don kamuwa da cututtukan da HSV zai iya haifarwa. Yaran da suka tsufa waɗanda ke da sakamako na yau da kullun kuma suna da zazzaɓi kaɗai ba za a ba su maganin rigakafi ba. Madadin haka, yaron na iya barin asibitin ya dawo don a duba shi.

Jariran da ke bukatar magani kuma tuni sun koma gida bayan haihuwa za a fi shigar da su asibiti don sanya ido.

Yaran da yawa da ke dauke da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta za su warke sarai kuma ba su da wasu matsaloli. Koyaya, sabon haihuwa shine sababin mutuwar jarirai. Saurin da jariri yake samun magani, shine mafi kyawun sakamako.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Nakasa
• Mutuwa

Nemi taimakon likita kai tsaye ga jariri wanda ke nuna alamun rashin lafiyar sepsis.

Mata masu ciki na iya buƙatar rigakafin rigakafi idan suna da:

• Chorioamnionitis
• Rukunin rukunin B strep
• Haihuwar da aka yi a baya ga jaririn da ke fama da tabin hankali wanda kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa

Sauran abubuwan da zasu iya taimakawa hana sepsis sun haɗa da:

• Hanawa da magance cututtuka a cikin uwaye, gami da HSV
• Samar da wuri mai tsabta don haihuwa
• Bayar da jariri tsakanin awanni 12 zuwa 24 na lokacin da membran suka karye (Haihuwar Cesarean ya kamata a yi wa mata tsakanin awanni 4 zuwa 6 ko kuma jimawa da ɓarna.)

Sepsis neonatorum; Ciwon mara na haihuwa; Sepsis - jariri

Kwamitin kan cututtukan da ke dauke da cututtuka, Kwamitin kula da Juna da Jariri; Baker CJ, Byington CL, Polin RA. Bayanin manufofin - shawarwari don rigakafin cututtukan rukunin B na streptococcal (GBS). Ilimin likitan yara. 2011; 128 (3): 611-616. PMID: 21807694 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21807694.

Esper F. Kamuwa da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta bayan haihuwa. A cikin Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff da Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 48.

Greenberg JM, Haberman B, Narendran V, Nathan AT, Schibler K. Neonatal cututtukan cututtukan ciki da asalinsu. A cikin: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM, eds. Creasy da Resnik na Maganin Uwar-Gida: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 73.

Jaganath D, Same RG. Microbiology da cututtukan cututtuka. A cikin: Asibitin Johns Hopkins; Hughes HK, Kahl LK, eds. Littafin Harriet Lane. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 17.

Polin R, Randis TM. Cututtukan haihuwa na ciki da chorioamnionitis. A cikin Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff da Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 25.

Verani JR, McGee L, Schrag SJ; Rarraba cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, Cibiyar Kula da rigakafi da cututtukan numfashi, Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin (CDC). Rigakafin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na streptococcal B - jagororin da aka gyara daga CDC, 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010; 59 (RR-10): 1-36. PMID: 21088663 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21088663.