Rufewar jijiyoyin ido

Rufewar jijiyoyin ido wani toshewa ne daga kananan jijiyoyin dake dauke jini daga kwayar ido. Retina ita ce layin nama a bayan ido na ciki wanda ke canza hotuna masu haske zuwa siginar jijiyoyi kuma ya aika zuwa kwakwalwa.

Rushewar jijiyoyin ido baya yawanci ana samun su ne ta hanyar tauraron jijiyoyin jiki (atherosclerosis) da kuma samuwar daskarewar jini.

Toshewar ƙananan jijiyoyin (jijiyoyin reshe ko BRVO) a cikin kwayar ido sau da yawa yakan faru ne a wuraren da jijiyoyin ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki waɗanda suka yi kauri ko tauri ta atherosclerosis suka haye suka sanya matsin lamba akan jijiyar ido.

Abubuwan haɗari ga ɓoyewar jijiyoyin ido sun haɗa da:

• Atherosclerosis
• Ciwon suga
• Hawan jini (hauhawar jini)
• Sauran yanayin ido, kamar su glaucoma, macular edema, ko kuma ƙin jini a jiki

Haɗarin waɗannan rikice-rikicen yana ƙaruwa tare da shekaru, saboda haka ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ƙwayar ido mafi yawancin lokuta yana shafar tsofaffi.

Toshewar jijiyoyin ido na iya haifar da wasu matsalolin ido, gami da:

• Glaucoma (hawan jini a cikin ido), sanadiyyar sabon, magudanan jijiyoyin jini da ke girma a gaban idon ido
• Macular edema, sanadiyyar zubewar ruwa a cikin tantanin ido

Kwayar cututtukan sun hada da dushewar ido ko rashin gani a duka ko wani sashi na ido daya.

Gwaje-gwajen da za a kimanta don ɓoyewar jijiya sun haɗa da:

• Jarrabawar ido bayan fadada dalibin
• Fluorescein angiography
• Raarfin intraocular
• Amsar dalibi
• Rushewar gwajin ido
• Rikicin retinal
• Tsaga fitilar jarrabawa
• Gwajin hangen nesa (gwajin filin gani)
• Ganin gwajin gani don ƙayyade ƙananan haruffa da zaku iya karantawa akan taswira

Sauran gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Gwajin jini don ciwon sukari, babban cholesterol, da matakan triglyceride
• Gwajin jini don neman daskarewa ko matsalar kaurin jini (hyperviscosity) (a cikin mutane ƙasa da shekaru 40)

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai lura da duk wani toshewa na tsawon watanni. Zai iya ɗaukar watanni 3 ko sama da haka don cutarwa kamar glaucoma bayan ɓoyewa.

Mutane da yawa za su dawo da gani, ko da ba tare da magani ba. Koyaya, hangen nesa da wuya ya dawo daidai. Babu wata hanyar juyawa ko buɗe shingen.

Kuna iya buƙatar magani don hana wata matsalar toshewa daga ido ɗaya ko kuma idon.

• Yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa ciwon sukari, hawan jini, da kuma yawan matakan cholesterol.
• Wasu mutane na iya buƙatar shan aspirin ko wasu abubuwan rage jini.

Jiyya don rikitarwa na ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ƙwayar ido na iya haɗawa da:

• Jiyya Laser mai narkewa, idan cutar kumburin macular ta kasance.
• Allurar magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na anti-vascular (anti-VEGF) cikin ido. Wadannan kwayoyi na iya toshe ci gaban sabbin jijiyoyin jini wadanda zasu iya haifar da glaucoma. Wannan magani har yanzu ana nazarinsa.
• Maganin laser don hana ci gaban sabon, hanyoyin jini mara kyau wanda ke haifar da glaucoma.

Sakamakon ya bambanta. Mutanen da ke ɓoye cikin raunin ido sau da yawa sukan dawo da hangen nesa mai amfani.

Yana da mahimmanci a sarrafa yanayi kamar su macular edema da glaucoma. Koyaya, samun ɗayan waɗannan rikitarwa na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Glaucoma
• Muni ko rashin hangen nesa a cikin ido da ya shafa

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da saurin gani ko gani.

Rufewar jijiyoyin ido na baya wata alama ce ta jijiya ta jini (jijiyoyin bugun jini). Matakan da aka yi amfani da su don hana wasu cututtukan jijiyoyin jini na iya rage haɗarin ɓoyewar jijiyoyin ido.

Wadannan matakan sun hada da:

• Cin abinci mara nauyi
• Samun motsa jiki a kai a kai
• Kula da madaidaicin nauyi
• Ba shan taba ba

Asfirin ko wasu magungunan sikanin jini na iya taimakawa hana toshewar ido.

Kula da ciwon sukari na iya taimakawa wajen hana ɓoyewar ido.

Tsarkakewar jijiya ta bayan ido; CRVO; Ranchunƙwasa ɓoyayyen ƙwayar ido na reshe; BRVO; Rashin hangen nesa - ɓoyewar jijiyoyin ido; Rashin gani - rufewar jijiyoyin ido

Bessette A, Kaiser PK. Ranchunƙwasa ƙwayar ido na reshe A cikin: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Ryan's Retina. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 56.

Desai SJ, Chen X, Heier JS. Ciwon mara na raunin ido. A cikin: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 6.20.

Flaxel CJ, Adelman RA, Bailey ST, et al. Lusunƙun raunin ido sun fi son tsarin aiki. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 2020; 127 (2): P288-P320. PMID: 31757503 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31757503/.

Freund KB, Sarraf D, Mieler WF, Yanuzzi LA. Rashin kwayar cutar jijiyoyin jiki. A cikin: Freund KB, Sarraf D, Mieler WF, Yannuzzi LA, eds. Atlas na Idanuwa. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 6.

Guluma K, Lee JE. Ilimin lafiyar ido. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 61.