Gwajin lafiyar mata masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64

Ya kamata ku ziyarci likitan lafiyar ku lokaci-lokaci, koda kuwa kuna cikin koshin lafiya. Dalilin waɗannan ziyarar shine:

• Allon don batun kiwon lafiya
• Kimanta haɗarinku don matsalolin likita na gaba
• Karfafa rayuwa mai kyau
• Sabunta rigakafin
• Taimaka maka ka san mai samar maka idan rashin lafiya

Ko da kun ji daɗi, yakamata ku ga mai ba ku sabis don bincika yau da kullun. Waɗannan ziyarar na iya taimaka maka ka guji matsaloli a nan gaba. Misali, hanya daya tak da zaka gano ko kana da cutar hawan jini ita ce a duba shi a kai a kai. Hawan jini mai yawa da matakan cholesterol suma ba su da alamun bayyanar a farkon matakan. Gwajin jini mai sauƙi na iya bincika waɗannan sharuɗɗan.

Akwai takamaiman lokuta lokacin da ya kamata ka ga mai ba ka. A ƙasa akwai jagororin nunawa don mata masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64.

YADDA AKE BUDE JINI

• Yi gwajin jini aƙalla sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2. Idan lambar sama (lambar systolic) daga 120 zuwa 139 mm Hg, ko lambar ƙasa (lambar diastolic) daga 80 zuwa 89 mm Hg, ya kamata a duba shi kowace shekara.
• Idan lambar ta sama itace 130 ko sama da haka ko kuma kasan lambar 80 ko sama da haka, sanya alƙawari tare da mai baka domin koyon yadda zaka rage hawan jininka.
• Idan kana da ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya, matsalolin koda, ko wasu yanayi, mai yiwuwa ka buƙaci a gwada karfin jininka sau da yawa, amma har yanzu aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara.
• Kalli gwajin jini a yankinku. Tambayi mai ba ku sabis idan za ku iya tsayawa don a duba cutar hawan jini.

GYARAN NONO

• Mata na iya yin gwajin kansu na kowane wata. Koyaya, masana basu yarda ba game da fa'idodin gwajin kai na nono wajen gano kansar mama ko ceton rayuka. Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis game da abin da ya fi dacewa a gare ka.
• Mai ba ku sabis na iya yin gwajin nono na asibiti a matsayin wani ɓangare na gwajin rigakafin ku.
• Mata masu shekaru 40 zuwa 49 na iya yin mammogram kowace shekara 1 zuwa 2. Koyaya, ba duk masana bane ke yarda da fa'idar yin mammogram lokacin da mata suka kai shekaru 40. Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis game da abin da ya fi dacewa a gare ka.
• Mata masu shekaru 50 zuwa 75 yakamata su yiwa mammogram kowace shekara 1 zuwa 2, ya danganta da halayen haɗarin su, don bincika kansar mama.
• Mata tare da uwa ko sisterar’uwa da ke da cutar sankarar mama a ƙuruciya ya kamata su yi la’akari da mammogram na shekara-shekara. Ya kamata su fara tun kafin shekarun da aka gano ƙaramin ɗan uwansu.
• Idan kana da wasu abubuwan haɗari na ciwon nono, mai ba ka sabis zai iya ba da shawarar mammogram, duban dan tayi, ko MRI scan.

BAYYANA LAFIYAR CIWON KIRJI

Yakamata a fara binciken kansar mahaifa tun yana shekara 21. Bayan gwajin farko:

• Mata masu shekaru 30 zuwa 65 ya kamata a bincika ko dai gwajin Pap kowane shekara 3 ko gwajin HPV kowane shekara 5.
• Idan ku ko abokin zaman ku yana da wasu sabbin abokan, ya kamata ku riƙa yin gwajin Pap kowane shekara 3.
• Mata masu shekaru 65 zuwa 70 na iya dakatar da yin gwajin Pap idan dai sun yi gwaji 3 na al'ada cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata.
• Matan da aka yi wa magani don cutar sankara (dysplasia na mahaifa) ya kamata su ci gaba da yin gwajin Pap na shekaru 20 bayan jiyya ko har zuwa shekaru 65, duk wanda ya fi tsayi.
• Idan an cire mahaifarka da mahaifar mahaifa (total hysterectomy), kuma ba a gano ku da cutar sankarar mahaifa ba, ba kwa buƙatar a yi muku gwajin Pap.

KYAUTATA KALOLI

• An ba da shawarar farawa shekara don binciken cholesterol yana da shekaru 45 ga mata ba tare da sanannun abubuwan haɗari na cututtukan zuciya ba.
• Da zarar an fara binciken cholesterol, ya kamata a duba kwalastar ku duk bayan shekaru 5.
• Maimaita gwaji ba da daɗewa ba idan an buƙata idan canje-canje ya faru a cikin salon rayuwa (haɗe da ƙimar nauyi da abinci).
• Idan kana da matakan cholesterol mai yawa, ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya, matsalolin koda, ko wasu yanayi, kana bukatar a duba ka sau da yawa.

GYARAN GYARAN COLORECTAL

Idan baka kai shekara 50 ba, yi magana da mai baka yadda ake dubaka. Ya kamata a duba ku idan kuna da tarihin iyali mai ƙarfi na kansar hanji ko polyps. Hakanan za'a iya yin la'akari idan kuna da dalilai masu haɗari kamar tarihin cututtukan hanji mai kumburi ko polyps.

Idan ka kai shekara 50 zuwa 75, ya kamata a yi maka binciken cutar kansa. Akwai gwaje-gwaje da yawa na nunawa:

• Gwajin ɓoyayyiyar jini (tushen-ɗaga) da akeyi kowace shekara
• Gwajin gwajin rigakafin rigakafi (FIT) kowace shekara
• Jarabawar DNA a kowace shekara 3
• M sigmoidoscopy kowane shekara 5
• Sau biyu sau biyu barium enema kowane shekara 5
• CT colonigraphy (colonoscopy na kamala) kowane shekara 5
• Ciwon bayan gida kowace shekara 10

Kuna iya buƙatar colonoscopy sau da yawa idan kuna da dalilai masu haɗari ga ciwon daji na launi, kamar:

• Ciwan ulcer
• Tarihin mutum ko na iyali na ciwon kansa kai tsaye
• Tarihin girma a cikin ciki wanda ake kira adenomatous polyps

JARABAWAR HAKORI

• Je zuwa likitan hakora sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a kowace shekara don gwaji da tsaftacewa. Likitan hakoranku zai kimanta idan kuna da buƙata don yawan ziyarta.

YADDA AKE YIN CUTAR SARA

• Idan ka wuce shekaru 44, ya kamata a dubaka duk bayan shekaru 3.
• Samun BMI sama da 25 na nufin cewa kin yi nauyi. Idan ka yi kiba, tambayi mai ba ka idan ya kamata a bincika ka tun kana ƙarami. Ya kamata a bincika Ba'amurkan Asiya idan BMI ya fi 23 girma.
• Idan karfin jininka ya haura sama da 130/80 mm Hg, ko kuma kana da wasu abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da ciwon sikari, mai bayarwa zai iya gwada yawan sukarin jininka na ciwon suga.

GANIN IDO

• Yi gwajin ido kowace shekara 2 zuwa 4 daga shekara 40 zuwa 54 da kuma kowace shekara 1 zuwa 3 daga shekaru 55 zuwa 64. Mai ba ku sabis na iya ba da shawarar yawan gwajin ido idan kuna da matsalolin gani ko haɗarin glaucoma.
• Yi gwajin ido a kalla kowace shekara idan kuna da ciwon sukari.

GASKIYA

• Ya kamata ku sami maganin mura a kowace shekara.
• Tambayi mai ba ku magani ko ya kamata ku sami rigakafi don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar pneumococcal (yana haifar da nau'in ciwon huhu).
• Ya kamata ku sami maganin rigakafin tetanus-diphtheria da acellular pertussis (Tdap) sau ɗaya a matsayin ɓangare na maganin rigakafin tetanus-diphtheria idan ba ku karɓe shi a baya ba tun kuna saurayi. Yakamata a sami maganin tetanus-diphtheria a kowace shekara 10.
• Kuna iya samun allurar shingles ko allurar rigakafin ƙwayar cuta a ko bayan shekaru 50.
• Mai ba ku sabis na iya bayar da shawarar wasu rigakafin idan kuna cikin haɗari ga wasu yanayi.

BUDURWAR CUTAR KWANA

• Servicesungiyar Kula da Ayyukan Kare Amurka ta ba da shawarar a bincika cutar hepatitis C.Dogaro da yanayin rayuwar ku da tarihin lafiyar ku, kuna iya buƙatar a bincika ku don kamuwa da cututtuka kamar syphilis, chlamydia, da HIV, da sauran cututtuka.

NUNA CUTUTTUKAN KUNGUNAN

Ya kamata ku sami nazarin shekara-shekara don ciwon huhu na huhu tare da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar lissafi (LDCT) idan duk waɗannan masu zuwa suna nan:

• Shekarunka sun wuce 55 DA
• Kuna da tarihin shan shekaru 30 na shan sigari DA
• A halin yanzu kuna shan sigari ko sun daina a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata

GASKIYAR LOKACI

• Duk matan da shekarunsu suka wuce 50 tare da karaya yakamata su sami gwajin karfin kashi (DEXA scan).
• Idan kun kasance ƙasa da shekaru 65 kuma kuna da abubuwan haɗari ga osteoporosis, ya kamata a bincika ku.

JARABAWAR JIKI

• Yakamata a duba karfin jini a kalla kowace shekara.
• Mai ba da sabis naka na iya bayar da shawarar duba cholesterol ɗinka duk bayan shekaru 5 idan kana da abubuwan haɗari na cututtukan zuciya.
• Yakamata a duba tsayinku, nauyinku, da ma'aunin jikinku (BMI) a kowane gwaji.

Yayin gwajin ku, mai ba ku sabis na iya tambayar ku game da:

• Bacin rai
• Abinci da motsa jiki
• Shan barasa da shan taba
• Batutuwan tsaro, kamar amfani da bel na ɗamara da masu gano hayaƙi

JARABAWAR FATA

• Mai ba ku sabis na iya bincika fata don alamun kansar fata, musamman ma idan kuna cikin haɗari sosai. Mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin haɗari sun haɗa da waɗanda suka kamu da cutar kansa a da, suna da dangi na kusa da cutar kansa, ko kuma suna da rauni a garkuwar jiki.

Ziyartar kula da lafiya - mata - masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Gwajin jiki - mata - shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Gwajin shekara - mata - shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Bincike - mata - masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Kiwan lafiyar mata - shekaru 40 zuwa 64; Rigakafin rigakafin - mata - masu shekaru 40 zuwa 64

• Gwajin jini na hanji
• Illar shekaru akan hawan jini
• Osteoporosis

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