Mene ne Atwayar Spwararren inalwararru, manyan alamomi da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Nau'in I - mai tsanani ko cutar Werdnig-Hoffmann
• Nau'in II - matsakaici ko na kullum
• Nau'in III - mai rauni, yara ko cutar Kugelberg-Welander
• Nau'in IV - baligi
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• 1. Maganin gyaran jiki
• 2. Amfani da kayan aiki da maganin aiki
• 3. Ingantaccen abinci
• Sauran hanyoyin magancewa
• Abin da ke haifar da zafin nama

Atrophy na jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini wata cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce ta shafi ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi a cikin kashin baya, wanda ke da alhakin watsa tasirin wutar lantarki daga kwakwalwa zuwa ga tsokoki, wanda ke haifar da mutum cikin wahala ko kuma ba zai iya motsa tsokokin da yardar rai ba.

Wannan cuta mai tsanani ce kuma tana haifar da atrophy da raunin ƙwayar tsoka. Da farko alamun cutar na iya shafar ƙafafu kawai, amma sai cutar ta fara shafar hannaye, kuma a ƙarshe tsokoki na gangar jikin.

Kodayake babu magani ga atrophy na jijiyoyin jini, yana yiwuwa a yi maganin don jinkirta ci gaban cutar da inganta yanayin rayuwa, kyale mutum ya kasance mai cin gashin kansa na dogon lokaci.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na kashin baya sun bambanta bisa ga nau'in cuta:

Nau'in I - mai tsanani ko cutar Werdnig-Hoffmann

Wani nau'i ne na cutar da ake iya ganowa tsakanin watanni 0 zuwa 6 na rayuwa, saboda yana shafar ci gaban jariri na yau da kullun, wanda ke haifar da wahalar riƙe kai ko zama ba tare da tallafi ba. Bugu da kari, wahalar numfashi da hadiya suma na kowa ne. Kafin shekara 1, jariri ya kasa haɗiye da ciyarwa sannan matsalolin numfashi na faruwa, suna buƙatar asibiti.

Yaran da aka gano suna da cutar atrophy na kashin baya suna yearsan shekaru ne kaɗan, wani lokacin ma basu cika shekara ta 2 ba, amma ingantattun jiyya sun ƙara tsawon rai.

Nau'in II - matsakaici ko na kullum

Yawancin lokaci alamun farko suna bayyana tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 18 kuma sun haɗa da wahalar zama, tsayawa ko tafiya shi kaɗai. Wasu jarirai suna iya tsayawa tare da tallafi, amma ba sa iya tafiya, na iya samun matsala wajen yin kiba kuma suna da matsalar tari, tare da haɗarin cututtukan numfashi. Kari akan haka, suna da kananan rawar jiki masu kyau kuma suna iya samun scoliosis.

Tsammani na rayuwa ya bambanta tsakanin shekara 10 zuwa 40, ya danganta da wasu cututtukan da ka iya kasancewa, da kuma irin maganin da ake yi.

Nau'in III - mai rauni, yara ko cutar Kugelberg-Welander

Wannan nau'in yana da sauki kuma yana bunkasa tsakanin yarinta da samartaka kuma, kodayake baya haifar da wahalar tafiya ko tsayawa, yana hana ayyukan hadaddun kamar hawa hawa ko sauka. Wannan wahalar na iya yin muni, har sai ya zama dole a yi amfani da keken hannu. An kara rarraba shi azaman:

• nau'in 3a: farawar cutar kafin shekara 3, suna iya tafiya har zuwa shekaru 20;
• rubuta nau'in 3b: bayyanuwa bayan shekaru 3, wanda zai iya ci gaba da tafiya har zuwa rayuwa.

Yawancin lokaci, mutum na iya samun cutar scoliosis kuma tsawon rayuwarsa ba shi da iyaka, yana rayuwa kusa da al'ada.

Nau'in IV - baligi

Babu wata yarjejeniya game da lokacin da aka gano ta, wasu masu binciken sun ce yana bayyana ne a cikin shekaru 10, yayin da wasu ke magana game da shekaru 30. A wannan halin, asarar motar ba ta da mahimmanci, haɗiye ko tsarin numfashi ba ya da tasiri sosai. Sabili da haka, alamu marasa sauƙi kamar rawar jiki da ƙafa da ƙafafu suna nan, kuma ran rai daidai ne.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Sanarwar ba ta da sauƙi kuma tare da farkon bayyanar cututtuka likita ko likitan yara na iya tsammanin jerin cututtukan da suka shafi tsarin motar, baya ga atrophy na jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. A saboda wannan dalili, likita na iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje da yawa don kawar da wasu maganganu, gami da ilimin lantarki, nazarin tsoka da nazarin kwayoyin.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Yin maganin atrophy na muscular atrophy an yi shi ne don shawo kan alamomin da inganta rayuwar mutum, tunda har yanzu ba a iya warkar da canjin halittar da ke haifar da cutar ba.

Don yin mafi kyawun magani, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun likitocin kiwon lafiya da yawa, kamar likitocin ƙashi, likitocin motsa jiki, masu jinya, masu gina jiki da masu ba da magani, alal misali, na iya zama dole, gwargwadon matsaloli da iyakancin kowane mutum.

Babban hanyoyin maganin da aka yi amfani da su sun haɗa da:

1. Maganin gyaran jiki

Yin aikin likita yana da matukar mahimmanci ga duk yanayin cututtukan tsoka, saboda yana ba da damar kula da isasshen jini, guje wa taurin gwiwa, rage asarar tsoka da inganta sassauci.

Weaukar nauyi, yin atisaye tare da zaren roba ko atisayen horon nauyi wasu misalai ne na abin da za a iya yi idan har da muryar tsoka. Amma waɗannan darussan dole ne likitan ilimin lissafi ya jagorance su a asibitin shan magani, alal misali, saboda sun bambanta gwargwadon iyakokin kowane mutum.

Bugu da kari, za a iya amfani da na’urorin sanyaya wutar lantarki don inganta raguwar jijiyoyi, kamar yadda lamarin yake a halin yanzu na Rasha, wanda shine babban zaɓi don haɓaka maganin.

2. Amfani da kayan aiki da maganin aiki

Maganin sana’a babban zaɓi ne don haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa a cikin shari’a inda akwai wahala wajen motsi ko yin ayyukan yau da kullun, kamar cin abinci ko tafiya, misali.

Wannan saboda, a yayin zaman jinyar aiki, ƙwararren yana taimaka wa mutum yin amfani da wasu kayan taimako, kamar kayan yanka ko keken guragu na musamman, wanda ke ba su damar yin ayyuka iri ɗaya, koda kuwa an iyakance cutar.

3. Ingantaccen abinci

Samun wadataccen abinci yana da matukar mahimmanci don tabbatar da ci gaban waɗanda ke fama da cutar atrophy, musamman ga yara. Koyaya, da yawa suna da wahalar taunawa ko haɗiye, alal misali, kuma a cikin waɗannan lamuran, masanin abinci mai gina jiki na iya nuna mafi kyawun abinci da kari don biyan duk bukatun jiki.

Bugu da kari, a cikin lamura da yawa, yana iya ma zama dole a yi amfani da bututun ciyarwa ko karamin bututu wanda ke hada ciki da fatar ciki, ba ku damar ciyarwa ba tare da tauna ko hadiyewa ba. Duba yadda ake amfani da kuma kula da binciken ciyarwar.

Sauran hanyoyin magancewa

Baya ga dabarun jiyya na baya, wasu nau'ikan magani na iya zama dole, gwargwadon alamun cutar da iyakokin kowane mutum. Misali, a cikin yanayin da tsoffin numfashi ke shafar, yana iya zama dole don amfani da kayan aikin numfashi wanda ke tilasta iska cikin huhu, maye gurbin tsokoki.

A cikin yara masu matsalar tsoka a kusa da kashin baya, yana iya zama dole a yi tiyata don gyara scoliosis, tunda rashin daidaito a cikin ƙarfin tsokoki na iya haifar da kashin baya yana ci gaba yadda bai dace ba.

Wani sabon madadin magani shine yin amfani da maganin Spinraza, wanda tuni an amince dashi a Amurka kuma yayi alƙawarin rage alamun cututtukan atrophy da aka samu sakamakon canje-canje a cikin kwayar halittar SMN-1. Fahimci menene Spinraza da yadda yake aiki.

Yawancin lokaci ana yin jiyya ga atrophy na jijiyoyin jini tare da amfani da magani, abinci na musamman da kuma lafiyar jiki.

Abin da ke haifar da zafin nama

Ropwayar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jikin mutum ta samo asali ne daga canjin kwayar halitta akan 5 wanda ke haifar da rashin furotin, wanda aka sani da Neuron-1 na Tsirar Rayuwa (SMN1), mai mahimmanci don daidaitaccen aiki na tsokoki. Akwai wasu lokuta da ba safai ba wadanda kwayoyin maye gurbi ke faruwa a wasu kwayoyin halittar wadanda suma suke da alaka da motsin rai na son rai.