Me ke Faruwa Yayin Harin Angioedema?
Wadatacce
- Maye gurbi na faruwa a cikin BAUTAR 1 kwayar halitta
- C1 esterase matakan hanawa sun ragu cikin adadin ko aiki
- Wani abu yana haifar da buƙata don mai hana C1 esterase
- An kunna Kallikrein
- Ana samar da yawan bradykinin
- Jijiyoyin jini na zubar ruwa da yawa
- Ruwa ya taru a jikin fatar jiki
- Kumburi na faruwa
- Abin da ke faruwa a cikin nau'in 3 HAE
- Kula da harin
Mutane masu cutar angioedema (HAE) suna fuskantar aukuwa na kumburin nama mai laushi. Irin waɗannan lokuta suna faruwa a hannaye, ƙafa, sashin ciki, al'aura, fuska, da maƙogwaro.
A yayin harin HAE, maye gurbi na mutum yana haifar da wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da kumburi. Kumburin ya banbanta da harin rashin lafiyan.
Maye gurbi na faruwa a cikin BAUTAR 1 kwayar halitta
Kumburi shine amsawar jikinku na yau da kullun game da kamuwa da cuta, damuwa, ko rauni.
A wani lokaci, jikinka yana buƙatar iya sarrafa kumburi saboda yawanci na iya haifar da matsaloli.
Akwai nau'ikan HAE guda uku. Wadannan nau'ikan nau'ikan HAE guda biyu (nau'ikan 1 da na 2) ana haifar dasu ne ta hanyar maye gurbi (kurakurai) a cikin kwayar halittar da ake kira BAUTAR 1. Wannan kwayar halittar tana jikin chromosome 11.
Wannan kwayar halitta tana ba da umarni don yin C1 esterase mai hana furotin (C1-INH). C1-INH yana taimakawa tare da rage kumburi ta hanyar toshe aikin sunadarai masu inganta kumburi.
C1 esterase matakan hanawa sun ragu cikin adadin ko aiki
Maye gurbi wanda ke haifar da HAE na iya haifar da raguwar matakan C1-INH a cikin jini (iri na 1). Hakanan zai iya haifar da C1-INH wanda baya aiki daidai, duk da matakin al'ada na C1-INH (nau'in 2).
Wani abu yana haifar da buƙata don mai hana C1 esterase
A wani lokaci, jikinka zai buƙaci C1-INH don taimakawa sarrafa kumburi. Wasu hare-haren HAE suna faruwa ba tare da wani dalili ba. Hakanan akwai abubuwan kara kuzari wadanda suke karawa jikinku bukatar C1-INH. Abubuwan da ke haifar da su sun bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum, amma abubuwan da ke haifar da su sun haɗa da:
- maimaita ayyukan jiki
- ayyukan da ke haifar da matsi a wani yanki na jiki
- yanayin daskarewa ko canje-canje a yanayi
- high daukan hotuna zuwa rana
- cizon kwari
- danniyar tunani
- cututtuka ko wasu cututtuka
- tiyata
- hanyoyin hakori
- canje-canje na hormonal
- wasu abinci, kamar goro ko madara
- magungunan rage hawan jini, wanda aka sani da masu hana ACE
Idan kana da HAE, baka da isasshen C1-INH a cikin jininka don sarrafa kumburi.
An kunna Kallikrein
Mataki na gaba a cikin jerin abubuwan da ke haifar da harin HAE ya ƙunshi enzyme a cikin jinin da aka sani da kallikrein. C1-INH ya danne kallikrein.
Ba tare da isasshen C1-INH ba, ba a hana aikin kallikrein ba. Kallikrein sai ya tsaga (raba) wani mataccen da aka sani da babban sinadarin-nauyi kininogen.
Ana samar da yawan bradykinin
Lokacin da kallikrein ya rabu kininogen, yana haifar da peptide da aka sani da bradykinin. Bradykinin vasodilator ne, mahaɗin da ke buɗe (faɗaɗa) lumen jijiyoyin jini. A yayin harin HAE, ana samar da yawan bradykinin.
Jijiyoyin jini na zubar ruwa da yawa
Bradykinin yana ba da damar ƙarin ruwa ya ratsa jijiyoyin jini zuwa cikin kayan jikin mutum. Wannan zubewar da yaduwar jijiyoyin jini da yake haifar shima yana haifar da rage karfin jini.
Ruwa ya taru a jikin fatar jiki
Ba tare da isasshen C1-INH don sarrafa wannan aikin ba, ruwa yana taruwa a cikin ƙwayoyin jikin mutum.
Kumburi na faruwa
Yawan ruwa yana haifar da aukuwa na tsananin kumburi da aka gani a cikin mutane da HAE.
Abin da ke faruwa a cikin nau'in 3 HAE
Na uku, nau'ikan nau'ikan HAE (nau'in 3), yana faruwa a cikin wani lamari na daban. Nau'in 3 sakamakon maye gurbi ne a cikin wani jinsi na daban, wanda yake kan chromosome 5, wanda ake kira F12.
Wannan kwayar halitta tana ba da umarni don yin furotin da ake kira factor of XII. Wannan furotin yana da hannu cikin daskarewar jini kuma yana da alhakin kara kumburi.
Juyawa a cikin F12 kwayar halitta ta haifar da sinadarin furotin na XII tare da haɓaka aiki. Wannan kuma yana haifar da karin bradykinin. Kamar nau'ikan 1 da na 2, ƙaruwa a cikin bradykinin yana sa bangon jijiyoyin jini zubar ba dama. Wannan yana haifar da aukuwa na kumburi.
Kula da harin
Sanin abin da ke faruwa yayin harin HAE ya haifar da inganta cikin jiyya.
Don dakatar da ruwa daga haɗuwa, mutanen da ke da HAE suna buƙatar shan magani. HAE kwayoyi suna hana kumburi ko ƙara adadin C1-INH a cikin jini.
Wadannan sun hada da:
- jigilar kai tsaye na gudummawar sabon ruwan sanyi (wanda ya ƙunshi mai hana C1 esterase inhibitor)
- magungunan da ke maye gurbin C1-INH a cikin jini (waɗannan sun haɗa da Berinert, Ruconest, Haegarda, da Cinryze)
- maganin asrogen, kamar magani da ake kira danazol, wanda zai iya ƙara adadin mai hana C1-INH esterase wanda hanta ke samarwa
- ecallantide (Kalbitor), magani ne da ke hana tsagewar kallikrein, don haka ya hana samar da bradykinin
- icatibant (Firazyr), wanda ke dakatar da bradykinin daga ɗaure ga mai karɓar sa (bradykinin B2 antagonist receptor)
Kamar yadda kake gani, harin HAE yana faruwa daban da rashin lafiyan jiki. Magungunan da aka yi amfani da su don magance halayen rashin lafiyan, kamar antihistamines, corticosteroids, da epinephrine, ba za su yi aiki a cikin harin HAE ba.