Cututtukan Jini: Farin Ciki da Ja, Kwayoyin Jini da Plasma

Wadatacce

• Menene alamun alamun rikicewar ƙwayoyin jini?
• Rikicin kwayar cutar jini
• Anemia
• Thalassaemia
• Polycythemia vera
• Cutar rikicewar ƙwayar jini
• Lymphoma
• Ciwon sankarar jini
• Ciwan Myelodysplastic (MDS)
• Rikicin platelet
• Von Willebrand cuta
• Ciwon jini
• Tsarin jini na farko
• Rikicin aikin platelet
• Ciwon ƙwayar Plasma
• Pyema cell myeloma
• Ta yaya ake gano cututtukan ƙwayoyin jini?
• Waɗanne zaɓuɓɓukan magani ne don rikicewar ƙwayoyin jini?
• Magani
• Tiyata
• Menene hangen nesa na dogon lokaci?

Menene rikicewar ƙwayoyin jini?

Rikicin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine yanayin da akwai matsala tare da jajayen jinin ku, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, ko ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ke zagayawa da ake kira platelets, waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga samuwar jini. Dukkanin nau'ikan kwayar halitta guda uku suna samuwa a cikin kashin kashin, wanda shine laushi mai laushi a cikin kashin ka. Kwayoyin jinin ja suna daukar oxygen zuwa gabobin jikinku da kyallen takarda. Farin jini yana taimaka wa jikinka yaƙar cututtuka. Platelets na taimakawa jininka su daskare. Rikicin ƙwayoyin jini yana lalata samuwar da aikin ɗayan ko fiye na waɗannan ire-iren ƙwayoyin jini.

Menene alamun alamun rikicewar ƙwayoyin jini?

Kwayar cutar za ta bambanta dangane da nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar jini. Alamun gama gari na cututtukan ƙwayar jinin jini sune:

• gajiya
• karancin numfashi
• matsala tana mai da hankali daga rashin jinin oxygenated a cikin kwakwalwa
• rauni na tsoka
• bugun zuciya mai sauri

Alamun gama gari na cututtukan ƙwayar jinin jini sune:

• cututtuka na kullum
• gajiya
• asarar nauyi da ba a bayyana ba
• rashin lafiya, ko kuma jin gaba ɗaya rashin lafiya

Alamun yau da kullun na cututtukan platelet sune:

• cuts ko raunuka waɗanda ba sa warkewa ko jinkirin warkewa
• jinin da baya daskarewa bayan rauni ko yankewa
• fatar da ke saurin laushi
• zubar jini na hanci mara izini ko zubar jini daga gumis

Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwayoyin jini waɗanda zasu iya shafar lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya.

Rikicin kwayar cutar jini

Rikicin ƙwayar jinin jini yana shafar ƙwayoyin jinin jini. Waɗannan sel ne a cikin jininka waɗanda ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen daga huhunka zuwa sauran jikinka. Akwai nau'ikan wadannan rikice-rikicen, wanda zai iya shafar yara da manya.

Anemia

Karancin jini wani nau'i ne na cutar rashin jinin jini. Rashin ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jininka yana haifar da wannan matsalar. Jikinka yana buƙatar ƙarfe don samar da haemoglobin mai gina jiki, wanda ke taimakon jajayen jininka (RBCs) ɗaukar oxygen daga huhunka zuwa sauran jikinka. Akwai karancin jini da yawa.

• Karancin karancin baƙin ƙarfe: Anaemi karancin baƙin ƙarfe yana faruwa yayin da jikinka ba shi da isasshen ƙarfe. Kuna iya jin kasala da ƙarancin numfashi saboda RBCs ɗinku basa ɗaukar isashshen oxygen zuwa huhu. Arfafa ƙarfe yakan warkar da irin wannan ƙarancin jini.
• Anemia mai rauni: Anemia mai raɗaɗi shine yanayin ƙwayar cuta wanda jikinka baya iya ɗaukar isasshen bitamin B-12. Wannan yana haifar da ƙananan adadin RBCs. An kira shi "lalata," ma'ana mai haɗari, saboda ya kasance ba za a iya magance shi ba kuma sau da yawa m. Yanzu, allurar B-12 yawanci warkar da wannan nau'in cutar anemia.
• Ruwan jini Rashin jini a jiki wani yanayi ne mai wahala amma mai tsananin gaske wanda kashin kashin ka zai daina samar da wadatattun ƙwayoyin jini. Zai iya faruwa kwatsam ko a hankali, kuma a kowane zamani. Zai iya barin ka jin kasala da ikon yaƙi da cututtuka ko zubar da jini ba tare da kulawa ba.
• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHA): Gwanin jini Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHA) yana sa garkuwar jikinka ta lalata jajayen jininka da sauri fiye da yadda jikinka zai iya maye gurbinsu. Wannan yana haifar muku da karancin RBCs.
• Cutar Sikila: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) wani nau'in cutar ƙarancin jini ne wanda ke ɗora sunan daga asalin sikila da ba a saba gani ba na ƙwayoyin jan jini. Saboda maye gurbi, kwayoyin jinin ja na mutanen da ke da cutar sikila anemia suna ƙunshe da ƙananan ƙwayoyin haemoglobin, wanda ke barin su daskararru kuma masu lankwasa. Kwayoyin jinin jini mai kamannin sikila ba sa iya daukar isashshen oxygen zuwa kyallen takarda kamar yadda kwayoyin jini na yau da kullun ke iya. Hakanan suna iya makalewa a cikin jijiyoyin jininka, suna toshewar jini zuwa sassan jikinka.

Thalassaemia

Thalassemia rukuni ne na cututtukan jini da aka gada. Wadannan rikice-rikicen suna faruwa ne sanadiyar maye gurbi wanda yake hana yaduwar haemoglobin. Lokacin da jajayen jini ba su da isasshen haemoglobin, iskar oxygen ba ta zuwa dukkan sassan jiki. Gabobi baya aiki yadda yakamata. Wadannan rikice-rikicen na iya haifar da:

• nakasar kashi
• kara girman baƙin ciki
• matsalolin zuciya
• girma da jinkirin haɓaka ga yara

Polycythemia vera

Polycythemia ita ce cutar kansa da ke haifar da maye gurbi. Idan kana da polycythemia, kashin jikin ka yana yin jajayen jini da yawa. Wannan yana sa jininka yayi kauri da gudana a hankali, yana sanya ka cikin haɗarin daskarewar jini wanda zai iya haifar da bugun zuciya ko shanyewar jiki. Babu sanannen magani. Jiyya ya haɗa da phlebotomy, ko cire jini daga jijiyoyinka, da magani.

Cutar rikicewar ƙwayar jini

Farin jini (leukocytes) suna taimakawa kare jiki daga kamuwa da cuta da kuma baƙon abubuwa. Farin jini cell cuta iya shafi jikinka ta rigakafi martani da jikinka ta ikon yaqi kashe kamuwa da cuta. Wadannan rikice-rikicen na iya shafar manya da yara.

Lymphoma

Lymphoma shine ciwon daji na jini wanda ke faruwa a cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ta jiki. Farin jinin jikinku ya canza kuma yayi girma ba tare da kulawa ba. Cutar lymphoma na Hodgkin da lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkin ba sune manyan nau'ikan kwayar cutar lymphoma.

Ciwon sankarar jini

Cutar sankarar jini ita ce cutar daji ta jini wanda ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu muguwar jini suke ninkawa a cikin ɓarin kashin jikinka. Cutar sankarar bargo na iya zama mai saurin ciwo ko mai ciwuwa. Cutar sankarar bargo na ci gaba sannu a hankali.

Ciwan Myelodysplastic (MDS)

Ciwan Myelodysplastic (MDS) yanayi ne da ke shafar fararen ƙwayoyin jinin a ƙashin kashinku. Jiki yana samar da ƙwayoyin halitta da yawa da basu balaga ba, waɗanda ake kira blasts. Harin fashewar ya ninka kuma ya fitar da cikakkun ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin rai. Ciwon ƙwayar Myelodysplastic na iya ci gaba ko dai a hankali ko kuma da sauri. Wani lokacin yakan haifar da cutar sankarar bargo.

Rikicin platelet

Jinin jini sune farkon masu amsawa lokacin da kuka sami rauni ko rauni. Suna taruwa a wurin raunin, suna ƙirƙirar toshe na ɗan lokaci don dakatar da zubar jini. Idan kana da cutar platelet, jininka yana da ɗayan matsaloli uku:

• Bai isa ba da platelet. Samun 'yan platelet yanada matukar hatsari saboda koda karamin rauni zai iya haifar da asarar jini mai yawa.
• Platelet da yawa Idan jini da yawa a cikin jininka yayi yawa, toshewar jini na iya samarwa da toshe babbar jijiya, da haifar da bugun jini ko bugun zuciya.
• Platelets wadanda basa daskarewa daidai. Wani lokaci, gurbatattun platelets ba za su iya manne wa wasu ƙwayoyin jini ko bangon hanyoyin jininku ba, don haka ba za su iya yin ɗamara da kyau ba. Hakanan wannan na iya haifar da zubar jini mai haɗari.

Cututtukan platelet da farko asalinsu ne, ma'ana an gada su. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan rikice-rikicen sun haɗa da:

Von Willebrand cuta

Von Willebrand cuta ita ce cuta mafi yawan gado. Hakan na faruwa ne sakamakon ƙarancin furotin da ke taimakawa jinin ku, wanda ake kira da von Willebrand factor (VWF).

Ciwon jini

Hemophilia shine mafi kyawun sanannun cuta ta narkewar jini. Yana faruwa kusan koyaushe a cikin maza. Matsalar mafi girma ta hemophilia ita ce yawan jini da tsawan lokaci. Wannan zubar jini na iya zama ko dai a ciki ko a waje. Zubar da jini na iya farawa ba tare da wani dalili ba. Jiyya ya haɗa da wani hormone da ake kira desmopressin don sauƙin nau'in A, wanda zai iya inganta sakin mafi yawan abin da ya rage, kuma shigar jini ko jini ga nau'ikan B da C.

Tsarin jini na farko

Primary thrombocythemia cuta ce mai saurin gaske wacce ke haifar da hauhawar jini. Wannan yana sanya ka cikin haɗarin kamuwa da bugun jini ko bugun zuciya. Rashin lafiyar yana faruwa ne yayin da kashin jikin ka ya samar da platelet da yawa.

Rikicin aikin platelet

Hakanan wasu ƙwayoyi da yanayin kiwon lafiya na iya shafar aikin platelets. Tabbatar daidaita duk magungunan ku tare da likitan ku, har ma da kan-kan-kan-kan waɗanda kuka zaɓi kanku.Hungiyar Hemophilia ta Kanada (CHA) ta yi gargadin cewa waɗannan magungunan gama gari na iya shafar ƙwarjin jini, musamman idan aka ɗauki su na dogon lokaci.

• asfirin
• non-steroid anti-mai kumburi (NSAIDs)
• wasu maganin rigakafi
• magungunan zuciya
• masu cire jini
• maganin damuwa
• maganin rigakafi
• antihistamines

Ciwon ƙwayar Plasma

Akwai matsaloli iri-iri da ke shafar ƙwayoyin jini, irin fararen ƙwayoyin jinin a jikinku waɗanda suke yin ƙwayoyin cuta. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna da mahimmanci ga ƙarfin jikinka don kawar da kamuwa da cuta.

Pyema cell myeloma

Pyema cell myeloma cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa ta jini wanda ke tasowa a cikin ƙwayoyin plasma a cikin ɓarin kashi. Cellsananan ƙwayoyin plasma suna haɗuwa a cikin ɓargo kuma suna samar da ciwace-ciwace da ake kira plasmacytomas, gabaɗaya cikin ƙasusuwa kamar kashin baya, kwatangwalo, ko haƙarƙari. Kwayoyin plasma mara kyau suna haifar da kwayoyin cuta wadanda ake kira sunadaran monoclonal (M). Wadannan sunadaran suna ginuwa a cikin kashin kashi, suna cinye lafiyayyun sunadaran. Wannan na iya haifar da kaurin jini da lalacewar koda. Ba a san dalilin sanadin kwayar cutar myeloma ta jini ba.

Ta yaya ake gano cututtukan ƙwayoyin jini?

Likitanka na iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje da yawa, gami da cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC) don ganin yawan kowane irin ƙwayar jinin da kake da shi. Hakanan likitanka na iya yin odar nazarin halittar kasusuwa don ganin ko akwai wasu ƙwayoyin cuta masu banƙyama da ke tasowa a cikin bargon ka. Wannan zai kunshi cire karamin kashin kashin baya don gwaji.

Waɗanne zaɓuɓɓukan magani ne don rikicewar ƙwayoyin jini?

Tsarin maganinku ya dogara da dalilin rashin lafiyar ku, shekarun ku, da matsayin lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya. Likitanku na iya amfani da haɗin jiyya don taimaka wajan daidaita ƙwayar cutar jinin ku.

Magani

Wasu zaɓuɓɓuka na magunguna sun haɗa da magunguna irin su Nplate (romiplostim) don ta da jijiyoyin ƙashi don samar da ƙarin platelets a cikin cutar platelet. Don rikicewar ƙwayar ƙwayar jini, maganin rigakafi na iya taimakawa yaƙi da cututtuka. Abubuwan abinci irin su baƙin ƙarfe da bitamin B-9 ko B-12 na iya magance cutar ƙarancin jini saboda ƙarancin abubuwa. Vitamin B-9 ana kiransa folate, kuma ana kiran bitamin B-12 a matsayin cobalamin.

Tiyata

Planarin ɓarkewar ƙashi na iya gyara ko maye gurbin ɓarnar ɓarke. Waɗannan sun haɗa da canja ƙwayoyin sel, yawanci daga mai bayarwa, zuwa jikinka don taimakawa kashin jikinka ya fara samar da ƙwayoyin jini na yau da kullun. Aarin jini wani zaɓi ne don taimaka maka maye gurbin ɓatattun ƙwayoyin jini. Yayin ba da jini, kuna karɓar jiko na lafiyayyar jini daga mai bayarwa.

Duk hanyoyin biyu suna buƙatar takamaiman ƙa'idodi don cin nasara. Dole ne masu ba da kasusuwa su daidaita ko su kasance kusa da kusancin bayanan halittar ku. Arin jini yana buƙatar mai ba da gudummawa tare da nau'in jini mai dacewa.

Menene hangen nesa na dogon lokaci?

Yawancin rikice-rikicen ƙwayoyin jini yana nufin cewa kwarewarku ta rayuwa tare da ɗayan waɗannan sharuɗɗan na iya bambanta da yawa daga wani. Gano asali da magani shine mafi kyawun hanyoyi don tabbatar da cewa kuna rayuwa cikin ƙoshin lafiya da cikakkiyar rayuwa tare da rikicewar ƙwayar ƙwayar jini.

Hanyoyi daban-daban na jiyya sun bambanta dangane da mutum. Bincika zaɓuɓɓukanku, kuma kuyi magana da likitanku don nemo muku maganin da ya dace.

Neman ƙungiyar tallafi ko mai ba da shawara don taimaka muku magance duk wani damuwa na motsin rai game da rikicewar ƙwayar ƙwayar jini shima taimako ne.