Hannun Brain

Wadatacce

• Nau'ikan maganin kwakwalwa
• Kwayar cututtukan kwakwalwa
• Dalilan da ke sanya kwakwalwar mutum yin aiki
• Yin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa
• Matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa
• Hangen nesa don gyaran kwakwalwa

Bayani

Sanarwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Yanayin yawanci ana haifar da shi ta kumburi daga rauni na kai, shanyewar jiki, zubar jini, ko ƙari na ƙwaƙwalwa. Hannun ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar gaggawa ce ta gaggawa kuma tana buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa. Sau da yawa yana mutuwa idan ba a bi da shi nan da nan ba.

Nau'ikan maganin kwakwalwa

Za'a iya rarraba bayanan ƙwaƙwalwa ta inda kwakwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ta sauya. Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan shigar kwakwalwa biyu:

• Subfalcine. Naman kwakwalwar yana motsawa a karkashin wani membrane da aka sani da falx cerebri a tsakiyar kwakwalwa. Tissuewayar kwakwalwa ta ƙare har ana turawa zuwa ɗaya gefen. Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'ikan labaran kwakwalwa.
• Tsarin kwanciyar hankali. Wannan nau'in kwakwalwar kwakwalwar na iya kara rabewa zuwa gida biyu:
  • Saukowa wucin gadi ko mara kyau. Uncus, wani ɓangare na lobe na lokaci, an canza shi zuwa ƙasa zuwa yankin da aka sani da fossa na baya. Wannan shine nau'i na biyu na yaduwar kwakwalwa.
  • Haɓaka tatsuniya ta wucin gadi. Bellwayar kwakwalwa da ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa suna motsawa zuwa sama ta hanyar ƙira a cikin membrane da ake kira tentorium cerebelli.
• Cerebellar tonsillar. Ilswayoyin ƙwallon ƙafa suna motsawa zuwa ƙasa ta cikin babban gilashi, buɗewa ta ɗabi'a a ƙasan kokon kai inda ƙashin baya ya haɗu da kwakwalwa.

Hakanan gyaran kwakwalwa zai iya faruwa ta ramin da aka ƙirƙira a baya yayin aikin tiyata.

Kwayar cututtukan kwakwalwa

Yin la'akari da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa abu ne mai gaggawa na gaggawa. Alamomi da cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• latedananan yara
• ciwon kai
• bacci
• wahalar tattara hankali
• hawan jini
• asarar abubuwan tunani
• kamuwa
• aikawa mara kyau, motsin jiki mara ƙima, da mawuyacin matsayi na jiki
• kamun zuciya
• rasa sani
• coma

Dalilan da ke sanya kwakwalwar mutum yin aiki

Hannun ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa yawanci sakamakon kumburi ne a cikin kwakwalwa. Kumburin yana sanya matsin lamba a kan kyallen kwakwalwa (wanda ake kira da karin matsewar intracranial), wanda ke haifar da tilasta tilasta naman daga matsakaicin yanayinsa.

Mafi yawan abubuwan da ke haifar da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa sun hada da:

• rauni na kai wanda ke haifar da hematoma ta ƙasa (lokacin da jini ya taru a saman kwakwalwar ƙasan ƙashin kan mutum) ko kumburi (edema)
• bugun jini
• zubar jini a kwakwalwa (zubar jini a kwakwalwa)
• ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa

Sauran dalilan da suka sanya karuwar matsa lamba a kwanyar sun hada da:

• ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta (tarin ƙwayar cuta) daga kwayar cuta ta kwayar cuta ko fungal
• tarin ruwa a cikin kwakwalwa (hydrocephalus)
• tiyatar kwakwalwa
• nakasa a cikin tsarin kwakwalwa da ake kira Chiformation malformation

Mutanen da ke da kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa ko matsalolin magudanar jini, kamar sigar motsa jiki, suna cikin haɗarin samun saurin ƙwaƙwalwar. Kari akan haka, duk wani aiki ko zabin rayuwa da zai jefa ka cikin hadari don raunin kai na iya kara yawan hadarin kwakwalwarka.

Yin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa

Jiyya na nufin rage kumburi da matsin lamba a cikin kwakwalwa wanda ke haifar da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa daga wani daki zuwa wani. Jiyya zai zama dole don ceton ran mutum.

Don rage kumburi da matsa lamba, jiyya na iya ƙunsar:

• tiyata don cire ƙari, hematoma (ƙuƙwalwar jini), ko ƙumburi
• tiyata don sanya magudanar ruwa da ake kira ventriculostomy ta cikin rami a cikin kwanyar don kawar da ruwaye
• osmotic far ko diuretics (magunguna waɗanda ke cire ruwa daga jiki) don cire ruwa daga cikin ƙwayar kwakwalwa, kamar mannitol ko salin hypertonic
• corticosteroids don rage kumburi
• tiyata don cire wani ɓangare na kwanyar don ƙarin ɗaki (craniectomy)

Duk da yake ana magance abin da ke haifar da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa, mutumin da ake bi da shi na iya karɓar:

• oxygen
• wani bututu da aka sanya a cikin hanyar iska don tallafawa numfashi
• kwantar da hankali
• magunguna don sarrafa ƙwace
• maganin rigakafi don magance ƙwanji ko hana kamuwa da cuta

Bugu da kari, mutumin da ke dauke da kwakwalwar kwakwalwa zai bukaci kulawa ta kusa ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje kamar su:

• X-ray na kwanyar da wuyansa
• CT dubawa
• Binciken MRI
• gwajin jini

Matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa

Idan ba a yi masa magani nan da nan ba, motsi na ƙwayar kwakwalwa na iya lalata mahimman tsari a cikin jiki.

Matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa sun haɗa da:

• mutuwar kwakwalwa
• numfashi ko bugun zuciya
• lalacewar kwakwalwa ta dindindin
• coma
• mutuwa

Hangen nesa don gyaran kwakwalwa

Hangen nesa ya dogara da nau'i da tsananin raunin da ya haifar da lalatacciyar kuma inda a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ɗabi'ar ke faruwa. Hannun ƙwaƙwalwa na iya yanke wadataccen jini ga kwakwalwa. Saboda wannan dalili, da alama zai mutu idan ba a yi saurin magance shi ba. Ko da tare da magani, gyaran ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar na iya haifar da matsaloli masu ɗorewa, na dindindin a cikin kwakwalwa, ko mutuwa.

Hankalin ƙwaƙwalwa yana ɗauke da gaggawa na gaggawa. Ya kamata ka kira 911 ko ka je dakin gaggawa nan da nan idan mutumin da ke fama da rauni a kansa ko ƙari na ƙwaƙwalwa ya zama ba faɗake ko rikicewa, yana kamawa, ko kuma ya sume.