Calcinosis Cutis

Wadatacce

• Nau'in cutis na calcinosis
• Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan calcinosis
• Dalilin cututtukan cututtukan calcinosis
• Ystididdigar dystrophic
• Astididdigar Metastatic
• Iopididdigar idiopathic
• Atididdigar Iatrogenic
• Calciphylaxis
• A hade tare da scleroderma
• Ganewar asali na cututtukan calcinosis
• Jiyya na cututtukan calcinosis
• Kwayoyi
• Tiyata
• Sauran jiyya
• Outlook don cututtukan calcinosis

Bayani

Calcinosis cutis shine tarin lu'ulu'u na gishiri a cikin fata. Thewayoyin alli sune mawuyacin wuya waɗanda ba su narke ba. Yanayi da girman raunin sun bambanta.

Wannan yanayin ba safai ba ne wanda ke da dalilai daban-daban. Wadannan suna daga kamuwa da cuta da rauni ga cututtuka na tsarin kamar gazawar koda.

Yawancin lokaci calcinosis cutis ba shi da alamun bayyanar. Amma a wasu lokuta, yana iya zama mai zafi sosai. Ana samun magunguna, gami da tiyata, amma raunukan alli na iya dawowa.

Nau'in cutis na calcinosis

Akwai nau'ikan cutan calcinosis guda biyar:

• Ystididdigar dystrophic. Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'in calcinosis. Yana faruwa inda fatar ta lalace ko ta kumbura. Ba ya unshi matakan mahaukaci na alli ko phosphorus a cikin jiki.
• Astididdigar Metastatic. Wannan yana faruwa ne a cikin mutanen da ƙwayoyin calcium da phosphorus suke da girma.
• Iopididdigar idiopathic. Irin wannan cututtukan cututtukan calcinosis ba su da wata hujja bayyananniya. Yawanci yakan faru ne a wani yanki na jiki kawai.
• Atididdigar Iatrogenic. Irin wannan cututtukan cututtukan calcinosis yana faruwa ne daga hanyar likita ko magani, yawanci ba zato ba tsammani. Misali, jarirai sabbin haihuwa na iya samun lissafin iatrogenic a kan diddige, sakamakon sandunan diddige don daukar jini.
• Calciphylaxis. Wannan nau'ikan nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan kalandais yakan faru ga mutanen da ke da matsalar gazawar koda, sun karɓi dashen koda, ko kuma suna kan aikin wankin koda. Yana shafar jijiyoyin jini a cikin fatar ko layin mai.Calcium da phosphate a cikin jiki ba al'ada bane.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan calcinosis

Bayyanar da wurin da ake yanke cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ya dogara da asalin dalilin. Raunukan yawanci suna da wuya, ƙura-ƙura masu rawaya a saman fatar. Suna farawa a hankali kuma sun bambanta cikin girma.

Raunin na iya zama ba shi da wata alama, ko kuma ya zama mai tsanani, mai raɗaɗi, ko zubar da wani farin abu. A wasu lokuta mawuyaci, lahani na iya zama barazanar rai.

Anan akwai wuraren da raunin yawanci ke bayyana a cikin kowane nau'i na ƙananan cututtukan calcinosis:

• Ystididdigar dystrophic. Kullun suna faruwa a yankin lalacewar nama. Yankunan al'ada sune ƙafafun hannu, gwiwar hannu, yatsu, da gwiwoyi. Tare da lupus, cututtukan suna faruwa a hannu da ƙafa, gindi, da kuma ƙarƙashin raunin lupus.
• Astididdigar Metastatic. Umpswanƙwasa suna haɗuwa daidai gwargwado: gwiwoyi, guiɓu, ko kafadu. Hakanan zasu iya yin kusa da gabobin ciki, kamar huhu, koda, jijiyoyin jini, ko ciki. Raunuka a haɗuwa na iya iyakance motsi yayin da fata ta yi tauri.
• Iopididdigar idiopathic. Wannan yakan shafi yanki ɗaya na jiki kawai. Zai iya faruwa a kusa da manyan gaɓoɓin jiki, maƙarƙashiya, kai, ƙirji, azzakari, farji, ko hannu da ƙafa. A cikin yara yana iya zama akan fuska. Raunin na iya samun farin ruwa.
• Atididdigar Iatrogenic. Lalacewar ta bayyana a wurin likitanci ko hanyoyin warkewa waɗanda ke huda fata.
• Calciphylaxis. Raunin fata yawanci akan ƙafafu ne ko akwati, musamman ma wuraren mai mai kama da ƙirji, gindi, da ciki. Raunukan suna mottled suna kallo da zafi. Zasu iya zama ulcers wanda baya warkewa, ko kuma su iya kamuwa da ciwon mara. Raunin na iya kasancewa tare da wasu alamun alamun, kamar su gajiya da rauni.

Dalilin cututtukan cututtukan calcinosis

Calcinosis cutis yana da wuya amma yana da dalilai masu yawa, dangane da ƙaramin nau'in:

Ystididdigar dystrophic

Gabaɗaya, lalacewar nama yana haifar da sunadaran phosphate waɗanda ƙwayoyin mutuwa ke fitarwa wanda daga nan ya daidaita, samar da gishirin alli. Lalacewar nama na iya zuwa daga:

• cututtuka
• ƙari
• kuraje
• cututtukan nama masu haɗaka kamar lupus, systemic sclerosis, ko dermatomyositis

Astididdigar Metastatic

Lokacin da sinadarin calcium phosphate na jiki ya yi girma mara kyau, yana samar da gishirin alli wanda ke samar da nodules akan fata. Dalilin yawan matakan al'ada na alli da phosphate sune:

• rashin ciwan koda (sanadin da yafi yawa)
• yawan bitamin D
• hyperparathyroidism (kara girman glandon parathyroid yana haifar da hormone na thyroid)
• sarcoidosis (rukunin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta sun kasance a cikin huhu, ƙwayoyin lymph, fata, da sauran sassan jiki)
• cututtukan madara-alkali (alli mai yawa daga abinci ko maganin antacids)
• cututtukan ƙashi, irin su cutar Paget

Iopididdigar idiopathic

Sabanin nau'ikan farko guda biyu na cututtukan calcinosis, ƙididdigar idiopathic yana faruwa ba tare da lalata lalacewar nama ba kuma babu matakan haɗari na alli ko phosphorus. Idiopathic yana nufin "ba sanannen sanadi." Akwai nau'i uku:

• nodules na iyali, wanda yawanci yakan bayyana a cikin samari masu ƙoshin lafiya ko ƙananan yara
• subepidermal nodules, wanda ya bayyana a ƙasan fata
• nodules a kan mahaifa

Atididdigar Iatrogenic

Dalilin ƙididdigar iatrogenic hanya ce ta likita wacce bazata kai ga ajiyar gishirin alli ba a matsayin sakamako mai illa. Ba a san inji don wannan ba. Wasu hanyoyin da ake ciki sune:

• Gudanar da mafita wanda ya kunshi alli da phosphate
• dogon hulɗa tare da manna alli mai ƙanshi mai amfani da wutan lantarki a yayin lantarki ko lantarki
• intravenous calcium gluconate, alli chloride, da para-aminosalicylic acid a maganin tarin fuka
• diddige a cikin jarirai jarirai

Calciphylaxis

Dalilin calciphylaxis har yanzu bai tabbata ba. Yana da matukar wuya, kodayake wasu abubuwan da ke tattare da abubuwan na kowa ne:

• rashin ciwan koda
• kiba
• ciwon sukari
• hyperparathyroidism

A hade tare da scleroderma

Calcinosis cutis yakan faru tare da tsarin sclerosis (scleroderma). An samo shi musamman a cikin iyakantaccen nau'i na wannan cuta, wanda aka sani da ƙananan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka (CREST).

Kimanin waɗanda ke da ciwo na CREST za su ci gaba da haifar da cutarwa bayan.

Raunukan yawanci suna bayyana a kusa da yatsun hannu da gwiwar hannu kuma suna iya buɗewa da zuƙo farin abu mai kauri.

Ganewar asali na cututtukan calcinosis

Tabbatar da irin cututtukan cututtukan calcinosis da kuke dasu yana da mahimmanci wajen yanke shawarar maganin da ya dace. Likitanku zai bincika ku kuma ya ɗauki tarihin lafiyarku ya yi muku tambayoyi game da alamunku.

Likita zai iya yin odar gwaje-gwaje da yawa don sanin ainihin dalilin cututtukanku na calcinosis:

• gwajin jini don ganin idan matakan alli da phosphate sun yi girma sosai, don neman alamomi na lupus da yiwuwar ciwace-ciwace, da kuma kawar da matakan parathyroid da bitamin D mara kyau
• gwaje-gwaje na rayuwa don kawar da matsalolin koda
• X-rays, sikanin CT, ko sikanin ƙashi (scintigraphy) don duban girman ƙididdigar
• biopsy na raunuka
• sauran gwaje-gwaje na musamman don bincika cututtukan fata (cuta mai kumburi) da madarar madara-alkali

Wani sabon fasaha da ake ci gaba dashi don taimakawa ganewar asali shine cigaban hangen nesa. Wannan dabarun binciken yana amfani da Fourier wanda aka canza infrared (FT-IR) ko Raman spectroscopic analysis. Yana hanzarta gano sinadaran hadewar cututtukan calcinosis. Hakanan zai iya hango ci gaban cutar.

Jiyya na cututtukan calcinosis

Jiyya ga cututtukan calcinosis ya dogara ne da cutar ko dalilinsa.

Kwayoyi

Ana iya gwada magunguna da yawa don magance raunin, amma nasarar su ta kasance tabo.

Don ƙananan raunuka, magungunan da suka haɗa da:

• warfarin
• ceftriaxone
• intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)

Don manyan raunuka, magungunan da suka haɗa da:

• diltiazem
• bisphosphonates
• probenecid
• aluminum hydroxide

Wani bincike na 2003 ya ruwaito cewa ƙaramin maganin na minocycline na kwayoyin yana da tasiri wajen rage zafi da raunin raunuka a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwo na CREST. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da sinadarin sodium thiosulfate mai amfani.

Tiyata

Idan raunin ku yana da zafi, ya kamu da cuta sau da yawa, ko ya lalata aikinku, likitanku na iya ba da shawarar a yi muku tiyata. Amma raunin na iya sake dawowa bayan tiyata. An ba da shawarar cewa tiyata ta fara da ƙaramin ɓangaren rauni.

Sauran jiyya

Wani sabon magani da aka gabatar shine hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), wanda ke maye gurbin kwayar halittar jinin mutum. Anyi amfani da wannan don magance wasu cututtukan autoimmune.

Magungunan Laser da girgiza lithotripsy (magungunan duban dan tayi da ake amfani dasu don fasa duwatsun koda) suma magani ne.

Outlook don cututtukan calcinosis

Hangen nesa na cutan calcinosis ya dogara da cutarta ko kuma dalilinsa, da kuma tsananin rauninku. Jiyya na yanzu na iya taimakawa, kuma ana haɓaka sababbin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. Yi magana da likitanka game da yadda zaka sauƙaƙe alamomin ka kuma magance tushen matsalar.