Ciwon huhu na huhu: magani da zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Wadatacce

• Babban siffofin magani
• 1. Yin tiyata
• 2. Chemotherapy
• 3. Immunotherapy
• 4. Radiotherapy
• 5. Photodynamic far
• 6. Maganin Laser
• 7. Rage mitar rediyo
• Menene kimar rayuwa?

Ciwon daji na huhu cuta ce mai haɗari da ke tattare da kasancewar bayyanar cututtuka irin su tari, tsufa, wahalar numfashi da rage nauyi.

Duk da tsananin ta, cutar sankarar huhu abar warkarwa ce idan aka gano ta da wuri, da kuma maganin ta, wanda za a iya yin ta hanyar tiyata, ta hanyar amfani da iska ko radiation, ko kuma chemotherapy, kuma za a iya daukarta tsawon watanni ko shekaru. Koyaya, mafi yawanci shine cewa an gano kansar huhu a matakin ci gaba na cutar, wanda ke tasowa cikin sauri, tare da ƙarancin damar warkarwa.

Babban siffofin magani

Jiyya don cutar sankarar huhu yawanci ta bambanta dangane da nau'in cutar kansa, rabe-rabenta, girman ƙari, kasancewar metastases da lafiyar jama'a. Koyaya, mafi yawan nau'ikan maganin sune:

1. Yin tiyata

Ana yin aikin tiyatar ne da nufin kawar da ciwace-ciwacen jikin da kuma lymph nodes da cutar ta shafa, don hana kwayoyin cutar kansa yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Dogaro da halayen kansar, likitocin thoracic na iya yin aikin tiyata masu zuwa don magance ciwon huhu na huhu:

• Bewayar kwakwalwa: shi ne lokacin da aka cire duk wani yanki na huhu, kuma shi ne mafi dacewar aikin tiyatar cutar kansa ta huhu, koda lokacin da kumburin ya yi kadan;
• Yin gyaran jiki: ana yin sa yayin da aka cire dukkan huhun kuma aka nuna shi lokacin da ƙari ya yi girma kuma yana kusa da tsakiyar;
• Segmentectomy: an cire wani karamin yanki na huhun huhu tare da cutar kansa. An nuna shi ga marasa lafiya da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ko waɗanda ke cikin yanayin lafiya mai rauni;
• Bincike hannun riga: ba kasafai ake samun hakan ba kuma ana yin sa ne don cire kumburin da ke shafar yankin na mashin, wanda sune bututun da ke ɗaukar iska zuwa huhu.

Kullum, ana yin aikin tiyata ta hanyar buɗe kirji, wanda ake kira thoracotomies, amma ana iya yin su ta hanyar taimakon bidiyo, wanda ake kira tiyata mai taimakon bidiyo. Yin aikin tiyata ba shi da matsala, yana da ɗan gajeren lokacin dawowa kuma yana haifar da raunin ciwo a lokacin bayan aikin fiye da tiyata a buɗe, duk da haka ba a nuna shi ga kowane irin ciwon huhu na huhu ba.

Lokacin dawowa daga aikin tiyatar ya dogara da nau'in aikin tiyatar da aka yi, amma yawanci fitowar asibiti bayan kwana 7 ne kuma murmurewa da komawa zuwa ayyukan da aka saba na iya wucewa daga makonni 6 zuwa 12. Dikita zai ba ku magunguna masu ɗauke da ciwo kuma zai iya ba da shawarar likitancin motsa jiki don taimakawa inganta numfashinku.

Bayan tiyata yana yiwuwa matsaloli kamar su wahalar numfashi, zubar jini ko kamuwa da cuta na iya tashi kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa koyaushe yana da mahimmanci a bi shawarwarin likitan kuma a sha magungunan da aka nuna.

Bugu da kari, bayan tiyatar an sanya magudanar ruwa don cire jini da ruwan da aka tara a cikin aikin, ya zama dole a kula da suturar magudanar kuma koyaushe a sanar da bangaren abubuwan da ke cikin magudanar. Duba komai game da magudanar bayan tiyata.

2. Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na yau da kullun don nau'ikan cututtukan huhu da nufin lalata ƙwayoyin kansa, wanda ke cikin huhun ko yaɗu cikin jiki. Wannan nau'in magani ana yin sa ne ta hanyar amfani da magunguna ta hanyar jijiyoyi ko allura, a wasu lokuta kuma sun fi dacewa su kasance a cikin allunan. Magungunan da aka yi amfani da su a chemotherapy an haɓaka don lalata da dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa.

Tsawan lokacin jiyyar cutar sankara ya dogara da nau'ikan, girma da kuma tsananin cutar sankarar huhu, amma a matsakaita yana ɗaukar shekara 1. Ana kiran zaman anananniyar Chemotherapy zagayawa, kuma ana yin kowane zagaye kowane sati 3 zuwa 4. Ana buƙatar lokacin hutawa tsakanin kowane zagaye saboda ƙarancin magani kuma yana lalata ƙwayoyin lafiya waɗanda ke buƙatar murmurewa.

Magungunan da aka fi amfani dasu a cikin chemotherapy don maganin cutar sankarar huhu sune Cisplatin, Etoposide, Gefitinib, Paclitaxel, Vinorelbine ko Vinblastine kuma ya danganta da tsarin maganin da likita ya nuna, ana iya amfani dasu a haɗe tsakanin su da kuma wasu nau'ikan magani. , misali, misali, ana iya yin sa kafin ko bayan tiyata.

Koyaya, abu ne sananne ga illolin da suka danganci amfani da waɗannan magunguna ya tashi, kamar zafin gashi, kumburin baki, rashin ci, tashin zuciya da amai, gudawa ko maƙarƙashiya, cututtuka, rikicewar jini da yawan gajiya, misali . Fahimci abin da za a yi don rage tasirin illa na chemotherapy.

Yawancin illolin da ke faruwa suna ɓacewa bayan sun gama jiyya, amma a wasu lokuta za a iya amfani da masu ba da taimako na jin zafi ko maganin tashin zuciya don sauƙaƙe alamomin da sauƙaƙa jin magani. Duba wasu nasihu masu sauki kan yadda ake taimakawa manyan illolin cutar shan magani:

3. Immunotherapy

Wasu nau'ikan cutar sankarar huhu suna samar da wasu sunadarai na musamman wadanda suke hana kwayoyin kariya daga lalata kwayoyin cutar kansa. Saboda haka, an kirkiro wasu magunguna don toshe aikin waɗannan sunadarai da ke haifar da jiki yaƙar kansa.

Wadannan kwayoyi wani bangare ne na rigakafi, domin suna taimakawa garkuwar jiki don magance cutar sankarar huhu. Wasu daga cikin magungunan da ake amfani da su don cutar huhu sune atezolizumab, durvalumab, nivolumab da pembrolizumab. A halin yanzu, ana ci gaba da yin wasu gwaje-gwajen makamantan irin don magance duk nau'in cutar sankarar huhu.

Magunguna na rigakafi suna da sakamako masu illa banda chemotherapy, kuma galibi waɗannan tasirin sun fi rauni, duk da haka, suna iya haifar da gajiya, ƙarancin numfashi da gudawa.

4. Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy magani ne na kansar huhu wanda ake amfani da radiation don lalata kwayoyin cutar kansa, kuma ana iya amfani da radiation ta waje ta hanyar inji wanda ke fitar da katako, ko kuma ta hanyar brachytherapy, inda ake sanya sinadarin radiyo kusa da ƙari.

Kafin fara zaman radiotherapy, ana yin tsari kuma ana yin alama akan fata, wanda ke nuna madaidaicin matsayi a kan injin radiotherapy, sabili da haka, duk zaman koyaushe suna cikin wurin da aka yiwa alama.

Hakanan ana iya aiwatar da aikin kashe hasken rana, kamar chemotherapy tare da sauran nau'ikan jiyya, kamar kafin ayi tiyata, don rage girman kumburi, ko kuma daga baya, don lalata ƙwayoyin kansa wanda har yanzu yana cikin huhu. Koyaya, wannan nau'in magani na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa, kamar su gajiya, rashin cin abinci, ƙoshin makogwaro, kumburi inda ake amfani da radiation, zazzabi, tari da ƙarancin numfashi, misali.

Gabaɗaya, illoli suna ɓacewa a ƙarshen jiyya, amma wasu alamun, kamar tari, ƙarancin numfashi da zazzabi, mai nuna kumburin huhu, na iya ci gaba na monthsan watanni. San abin da za ku ci don sauƙaƙa sakamakon tasirin fuka-fuka.

5. Photodynamic far

Ana amfani da maganin Photodynamic don kansar huhu a matakan farko na cutar lokacin da ya zama dole a buɗe hanyoyin iska wanda kumburin ya toshe. Wannan maganin ya ƙunshi amfani da magani na musamman, wanda ake allurarsa a cikin jini don tarawa a cikin ƙwayoyin kansa.

Bayan maganin ya taru a cikin kumburin, ana amfani da katako mai amfani da laser a wurin don kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, sannan a cire ta ta hanyar binciken iska. Maganin Photodynamic na iya haifar da kumburin iska na fewan kwanaki, yana haifar da rashin numfashi, tari na jini da kuma phlegm, waɗanda za'a iya magance su a asibiti.

6. Maganin Laser

Maganin Laser magani ne da ake amfani dashi a wasu lokuta na cutar sankarar huhu, musamman idan ƙari yana da ƙananan. A cikin irin wannan maganin, ana amfani da laser ta hanyar endoscopy, ta wani bututu mai sassauƙa wanda aka saka ta baki zuwa huhu, wanda ake kira bronchoscope, don lalata ƙwayoyin kansa.

Hanya don yin amfani da laser ta yi kama da yin endoscopy, yana da matsakaita na mintina 30, yana buƙatar azumi na awanni 6 kuma ana yin kwanciyar hankali don yin barci yayin gwajin kuma ba jin zafi ba.

7. Rage mitar rediyo

A cikin yanayin da cutar sankarar huhu ta kasance a farkon matakin, ana nuna cirewar yanayin rediyo maimakon aikin tiyata. Yana amfani da zafin da igiyar rediyo ta samar don kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin huhu, ta amfani da allurai ko bututu waɗanda suke zafi da lalata kumburin. Wadannan allurar ana jagorantar su ne ta hanyar kimiyyar lissafi don sanin ainihin wurin da kumburin yake.

Ana yin wannan aikin a ƙarƙashin kwantar da hankali kuma yana ɗaukar minti 30. Bayan yin wannan magani, shafin na iya zama mai raɗaɗi, don haka likita ya ba da umarnin amfani da magunguna masu ciwo, kamar masu rage ciwo.

Menene kimar rayuwa?

Tsammani na rayuwa bayan gano kansar huhu ya bambanta daga watanni 7 zuwa shekaru 5, ya danganta da dalilai da yawa, kamar kiwon lafiya na gari, nau'in ciwon huhu da farkon fara jiyya. Koda lokacin da aka gano wannan nau'in cutar daji a matakin farko, damar samun magani ba ta da yawa, saboda tana da babbar dama ta dawowa, wanda ke faruwa a kusan rabin al'amuran.