Manyan cututtukan cututtukan sankara 7 na ƙwanƙwasa

Wadatacce

• Yadda ake bincikar kansar kansa
• Waɗanne irin cututtukan thyroid?
• Yadda za a magance cutar kansa ta thyroid
• Yaya bin bayan magani
• Shin ciwon sankara na thyroid zai dawo?

Ciwon kanjamau wani nau'in kumburi ne wanda mafi yawan lokuta yakan warke idan aka fara jinyarsa da wuri, saboda haka yana da kyau a kula da alamomin da zasu nuna ci gaban kansa, musamman:

1. Umpura ko dunƙule a cikin wuya, wanda al'ada ke girma cikin sauri;
2. Kumburi a wuya saboda karin ruwa;
3. Jin zafi a gaban maƙogwaro wanda zai iya haskakawa zuwa kunnuwa;
4. Rashin tsufa ko wasu canje-canje na murya;
5. Rashin numfashi, kamar dai wani abu ya makale a maƙogwaro;
6. Kullum tari hakan ba ya rakiyar mura ko mura;
7. Matsalar haɗiyewa ko jin wani abu ya makale a makogoro.

Kodayake wannan nau'in cutar sankara ya fi zama ruwan dare daga shekaru 45, duk lokacin da wani daga cikin wadannan alamun ya bayyana, abin da ya fi faruwa shi ne bugawar dunkulewar dunkule ko dunkule a cikin wuya, ana ba da shawarar a tuntuɓi likitan ilimin likitanci ko kan ko likitan wuyan da za a yi gwaje-gwajen bincike, gano idan akwai wata matsala tare da thyroid kuma fara maganin da ya dace.

Koyaya, waɗannan alamomin na iya nuna wasu ƙananan matsaloli masu wuya irin su reflux na ciki, cututtukan numfashi, matsalolin larurar murya, har ma da kumburin thyroid ko nodules, waɗanda yawanci ba su da kyau kuma ba sa kawo wata haɗari ga lafiya, kuma ya kamata a bincika, saboda a yawancin lokuta, cutar sankara ba ta haifar da bayyanar cututtuka.

Har ila yau, duba alamun da zasu iya nuna wasu canje-canje a cikin ƙwanƙwasa: Alamun cututtukan thyroid.

Yadda ake bincikar kansar kansa

Don bincika kansar karoid yana da kyau a je likitan ilimin likitanci don lura da wuyan mutum da gano canje-canje kamar kumburi, ciwo ko kasancewar kumburi. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci ayi gwajin jini don a duba yawan homonin TSH, T3, T4, thyroglobulin da calcitonin, wanda idan aka canza su zai iya nuna canje-canje a cikin ƙwanƙolin.

Bugu da kari, ya zama dole a yi duban dan tayi na glandar thyroid da kyakkyawan fatan allura (FNAP) don tabbatar da kasancewar kwayaye masu illa a cikin gland din, wanda ke tabbatar da gaske ko cutar kansa ce.

Mutanen da aka gano tare da ƙananan haɗarin cutar sankarau yawanci suna da kimar al'ada akan gwajin jini, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci a yi biopsy a duk lokacin da likita ya nuna kuma a maimaita shi, idan wannan yana nuna sakamako maras kyau, ko har sai ya kasance tabbatar da cewa na wani mara kyau nodule.

Wani lokaci, tabbas cewa yana da cutar ta thyroid zai faru ne kawai bayan an yi masa tiyata don cire nodule da aka aika zuwa dakin bincike.

Waɗanne irin cututtukan thyroid?

Akwai nau'ikan cutar sankarar kansa wanda ya bambanta gwargwadon nau'in ƙwayoyin da abin ya shafa. Koyaya, mafi yawan mutane sun haɗa da:

• Papillary carcinoma: shine mafi yawan nau'in cututtukan karoid, wanda ke wakiltar kusan 80% na shari'ar, yawanci yakan sami ci gaba sosai, kasancewar shine mafi saukin magani;
• Kwayar cutar sankara: ita ce nau'ikan cutar sankarar thyroid fiye da ta papillary, amma kuma tana da kyakkyawar magana, kasancewar saukin magani;
• Carcinoma na Medullary: ba kasafai ake samun hakan ba, wanda yake da nasaba da kashi 3% kawai na shari'ar, kasancewar ya fi wahalar magani, tare da karancin damar warkarwa;
• Carcinoma mai kwakwalwa: ba kasafai ake samun irin wannan ba, yana tasiri kusan kashi 1 cikin 100 na shari'o'in, amma yana da matukar tashin hankali, kusan a koda yaushe yana mutuwa.

Papillary ko follicular thyroid thyroid yana da babban rayuwa, kodayake yana iya rabewa lokacin da aka gano kansar a wani mataki na ci gaba, musamman idan akwai ƙwayoyin metastases da suka bazu cikin jiki. Don haka, ban da sanin wane irin ƙwayar cutar da mutum yake da ita, dole ne kuma su san matakinta da kuma ko akwai metastases ko babu, domin wannan yana tantance wane magani ne ya fi dacewa da kowane harka.

Yadda za a magance cutar kansa ta thyroid

Jiyya don ciwon sanƙarar thyroid ya dogara da girman ƙari kuma manyan zaɓuɓɓukan maganin sun haɗa da tiyata, iodotherapy da maganin hormone. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ana iya nuna jiyyar cutar kanjamau da kuma maganin fuka-fuka, amma duk nau'ikan magani ana nuna su koyaushe ta hanyar masanin ilimin likitanci ko likitan kai da wuya.

• Tiyata: wanda aka fi sani da thyroidectomy, ya kunshi cire duka gland, ban da ɓoye wuya, don cire ganglia daga wuyan da zai iya shafar. Gano yadda ake yin aikin a: Thyroid surgery.
• Sauyawa Hormone: Na gaba, ya kamata a sha magani don maye gurbin homonin da thyroid ya samar, na rayuwa, kowace rana, akan komai a ciki. San abin da waɗannan magunguna na iya zama;
• Chemo ko Radiotherapy: Ana iya nuna su idan akwai ciwan ƙari;
• Iodauki iodine na rediyo Kimanin wata 1 bayan cirewar maganin ka, ya kamata a fara matakin magani na 2, wanda shine shan iodine na rediyo, wanda zai kawar da dukkan kwayoyin halittar thyroid kuma, saboda haka, duk alamun cutar. Koyi duk game da iodotherapy.

Hakanan kalli bidiyo mai zuwa kuma koya irin abincin da za'a bi don aiwatar da wannan maganin:

Chemotherapy da radiotherapy kusan ba a ba da shawarar su game da cutar sankarar thyroid saboda irin wannan kumburin ba ya amsa da kyau ga waɗannan maganin.

Yaya bin bayan magani

Bayan jiyya don cire ƙwayar thyroid, dole ne a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje don tantance ko maganin ya kawar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta gaba ɗaya kuma ko maye gurbin hormone ya isa ga bukatun mutum.

Gwajin da ake buƙata sun haɗa da:

• Scintigraphy ko PCI - cikakken binciken jiki: jarabawa ce inda mutun ya sha magani sannan ya shiga wata na’urar da ke samar da hotunan dukkan jikin, domin gano kwayoyin cuta na tumor ko metastases a jikinshi duka. Ana iya yin wannan gwajin, daga wata 1 zuwa 6, bayan iodotherapy. Idan aka sami ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari ko ƙananan metastases, likita na iya ba da shawarar a ɗauki sabon kwamfutar hannu iodine na rediyo don kawar da duk wata cutar kansa, amma kashi ɗaya na maganin iodotherapy yawanci ya isa.
• Neck duban dan tayi: Zai iya nuna ko akwai canje-canje a cikin wuyansa da mahaɗan mahaifa;
• Gwajin jini don TSH da matakan thyroglobulin, kowane watanni 3, 6 ko 12, makasudin shine don ƙimar ku ta zama <0.4mU / L.

Yawancin lokaci, likita kawai yana neman sikan 1 ko 2 na dukkan jiki sannan kuma ana yin biyan ne kawai tare da duban dan tayi da gwajin jini. Ana iya maimaita waɗannan gwaje-gwajen lokaci-lokaci na tsawon shekaru 10, ko kuma fiye da haka, gwargwadon shekaru, nau'in da matakin maruru, da kuma yanayin cutar, gwargwadon ikon likita.

Shin ciwon sankara na thyroid zai dawo?

Yana da wuya cewa ƙari wanda aka gano da wuri zai iya yaɗuwa cikin jiki, tare da metastases, amma hanya mafi kyau don gano idan akwai ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a cikin jiki shine yin gwaje-gwajen da likita ya buƙata, musamman ma tsauraran ra'ayi da scintigraphy, kuma a kula da wasu kamar idan ana cin abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki akai-akai kuma a sami kyawawan halaye na rayuwa.

Koyaya, idan ƙari yana da ƙarfi ko kuma idan an gano shi a wani matakin da ya ci gaba, akwai yiwuwar cewa ciwon daji na iya bayyana a wasu ɓangarorin jiki, tare da metastases suna yawan zuwa cikin ƙashi ko huhu, misali.