Menene cutar sankara (kashi), alamomi, ganewar asali da ire-irensu

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Menene iri
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Ciwon ƙashi shine ƙari wanda ya samo asali daga ƙwayoyin cuta marasa haɗari waɗanda aka samar a cikin ƙashi na ƙashi ko kuma na iya haɓaka daga ƙwayoyin kansa a cikin wasu gabobin, kamar nono, huhu da prostate, wanda ke nuna metastasis. Akwai nau'ikan kansar kashi da yawa, amma alamun sun yi kama sosai, kuma za a iya samun ciwo da kumburi a mahaɗan da kuma saurin ɓarkewa, waɗanda aka sani da ɓarkewar cuta.

Ana gane ganewar asali ne ta hanyar likitan kashi ko kuma masanin ilimin kanjamau ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje kamar su rayukan rana, karfin maganaɗisu, maganadisu, ƙirar dabbobi da ƙashin ƙashin ƙashi. Za a iya yin jiyya don cutar kansa ta hanyar jiyyar cutar sankara, maganin fida ko tiyata, gwargwadon girma, nau'in da wurin da ƙari a cikin ƙashi yake.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Mafi yawan alamun cututtukan daji na ƙashi sun haɗa da:

• Kashi zafi: yawanci zafin ba ya daidaita a farkon, amma yana iya zama mai tsananin gaske da dare ko lokacin da ƙafafu ke motsawa, kamar lokacin tafiya;
• Kumburi daga gidajen abinci: nodule na iya bayyana a cikin gidajen abinci, ƙara zafi da rashin jin daɗi, musamman a gwiwoyi da gwiwar hannu;
• Kasusuwa masu karya sauƙi: cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka na iya faruwa, wanda shine lokacin da kasusuwa suka fi sauƙi saboda raunin rauni da kumburi ya haifar, tare da raunin femur ko kashin baya ya zama gama gari.

Baya ga waɗannan alamun kansar, ƙari zai iya haifar da raunin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba, gajiya mai tsanani da zazzabi koyaushe. Idan kansar ta bazu zuwa wasu gabobin, kamar su huhu misali, tana iya haifar da wasu takamaiman alamun, kamar wahalar numfashi.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Lokacin da likitan ya yi zargin rauni ga ƙashi, zai iya yin odar don a ba da hoto, don X-ray ɗin na iya nuna aibi ko ƙashin da ke kusa, kamar su tsokoki da kitse. A wasu lokuta, likita na iya yin odar X-ray ta kirji don tantance ko kansar da ke cikin kashi ta bazu zuwa huhu, amma wannan sai idan an tabbatar da cutar.

Hoto na maganadisu shine gwaji wanda likita yafi nunawa don tabbatar da cutar kansa da ƙayyade girma da girman ƙwayar, amma ana iya bada shawarar ƙididdigar kimiyyar hoto da dabba, saboda zasu iya nuna ko wasu wurare a jiki suna cutar ta shafa. Bugu da kari, biopsy biopsy shima ana yin sa ne tare da wadannan sauran gwaje-gwajen hotunan, domin yana nuna nau'in kwayoyin halittar da ba su dace ba wadanda ke haifar da cutar kansa.

Menene iri

Akwai nau'o'in ciwon daji da dama a cikin kasusuwa, ya danganta da bangaren kashi, nama da kuma irin kwayar halittar da ke samar da kumburin, kamar:

• Osteosarcoma: shi ne nau'in da ke tasowa daga kwayoyin da ke da alhakin samuwar kasusuwa, kuma ya fi faruwa a kasusuwa na hannaye, kafafu da na mara, kasancewar sun fi kowa yawan shekaru tsakanin shekaru 10 zuwa 30;
• Chondrosarcoma: farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin guringuntsi, shine na biyu mafi yawan sankarar ƙashi kuma yana da wuya a cikin mutane ƙasa da shekaru 20;
• Ewing's sarcoma: zai iya bayyana a cikin yara da samari, yana da wuya a cikin manya sama da shekaru 30 kuma mafi yawan ɓangarorin da abin ya shafa sune ƙasusuwan yankin ƙashin ƙugu da dogayen ƙasusuwa na ƙafafu da hannaye;
• Histiocytoma mai laushi mara kyau: wannan nau'in kansar kashin yana farawa ne a jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin da ke kusa da kasusuwa, kasancewar sun fi yawa a cikin tsofaffi;
• Fibrosarcoma: Har ila yau, nau'in ciwon daji na kashin da ke tasowa daga kyallen takarda mai laushi, wanda aka sani da jijiyoyi da jijiyoyi;
• Giant ƙashi cell ƙari: yana iya zama mai laushi ko mai lahani kuma yawanci yakan shafi yankin gwiwa;
• Chordoma: yana bunkasa sosai a cikin manya sama da shekaru 30 kuma yana kaiwa ƙasusuwan kwanyar kai da kashin baya.

Bugu da kari, ciwon sankarar kashi ba koyaushe yake farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙashi ba, galibi yana faruwa ne sakamakon metastasis daga cutar kansa mai saurin ciwan wani ɓangaren, kamar nono, prostate da kansar huhu, misali. Fahimci menene metastases da yadda ake gano su.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin kansar kashi ana nuna shi ta likitan kanko kuma ya dogara da nau'in ciwace ciwace, girmanta da inda take, tare da chemotherapy, radiotherapy kuma, a wasu yanayi, tiyata don cire ƙwayar da yawanci ana nunawa.

A cikin mawuyacin hali, ya zama dole a yanke hannuwan da abin ya shafa, kiyayewa, idan zai yiwu, matsakaicin aikinsa ko kuma ya dogara da shari'ar, ana iya ƙera endoprosthesis, wanda shine aikin roba wanda ke aiki don maye gurbin ƙashin da aka cire .

Koyaya, lokacin da cutar daji ta kashi take a wani mataki na ci gaba sosai, wanda yawanci yakan faru idan irin wannan cutar ta daji ta kasance wani abu ne mai rikitarwa, magani mafi mahimmanci shi ake kira kulawa da jinƙai, wanda ake yi don tabbatar da ingancin rayuwar mutum, da nufin rage ciwo, tare da magungunan analgesic, da kuma rashin jin daɗin cututtukan daji.

Learnara koyo game da maganin kansar kashi.