Menene Cutar Kwayar cuta, kuma Ta Yaya Ya Shafi Haɗarin ku na COVID-19?

Wadatacce

• Menene cutarwa?
• Ta yaya cuta ta shafi COVID-19?
• Menene cutarwa ke tasiri maganin COVID-19?
• Bita don

A wannan lokacin a cikin barkewar cutar coronavirus, wataƙila kun saba da ƙamus na gaskiya mai ƙima da sabbin kalmomi da jumloli: nisantar da jama'a, injin hura iska, ƙwanƙwasa bugun jini, furotin mai ƙarfi, tsakanin da yawa wasu. Sabuwar wa'adin shiga tattaunawar? Haɗuwa.

Kuma yayin da cutar ba wani sabon abu bane a duniyar likitanci, ana ƙara magana game da kalmar yayin da allurar rigakafin cutar coronavirus ke ci gaba da gudana. Hakan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wasu yankuna sun wuce bayan yin allurar rigakafi kawai manyan muhimman ma'aikata da waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 75 da haihuwa zuwa yanzu sun haɗa da mutanen da ke da wasu cututtuka ko yanayin rashin lafiya. Misali, Ido KwaiJonathan Van Ness kwanan nan ya hau shafin Instagram don roƙon mutane da su "bincika jerin abubuwan don ganin ko za ku iya shiga layi" bayan sun gano cewa cutar HIV ta sa ya cancanci yin allurar rigakafi a New York.

Don haka, HIV cuta ce mai rikitarwa ... amma menene ma'anar hakan daidai? Kuma wasu al'amura na kiwon lafiya kuma ake la'akari da kamuwa da cuta? Gaba, masana suna taimakawa bayyana duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da rikice -rikicen gabaɗaya da rikice -rikice kamar yadda ya shafi COVID.

Menene cutarwa?

Ainihin, rikice -rikice yana nufin cewa wani yana da cuta fiye da ɗaya ko yanayin rashin lafiya a lokaci guda, a cewar Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). Yawancin cututtuka ana amfani da su don bayyana "sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya da mutum zai iya samu wanda zai iya tsananta duk wani yanayin da zai iya tasowa," in ji kwararre kan cututtuka Amesh A. Adalja, MD, babban masani a Cibiyar Tsaron Lafiya ta Johns Hopkins. . Don haka, samun takamaiman yanayin zai iya jefa ku cikin haɗari mafi girma don sakamako mai muni idan kun kamu da wata cuta, kamar COVID-19.

Yayin da rashin lafiya ya taso da yawa a cikin mahallin COVID-19, yana wanzuwa ga sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya, kuma. "Gabaɗaya, idan kuna da wasu cututtukan da suka rigaya kamar su ciwon daji, cututtukan koda na koda, ko kiba mai ƙarfi, yana sanya ku cikin haɗarin babban rashin lafiya ga cututtuka da yawa, gami da cututtukan da ke kamuwa da cuta," in ji Martin Blaser, MD, darekta na Cibiyar Advanced Biotechnology da Medicine a Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School.Ma'ana: Haɗuwa ita ce kawai lokacin da kuke da yanayi biyu ko fiye a lokaci guda, don haka idan kuna da, faɗi, rubuta ciwon sukari na 2, kuna da cutar idan hakika kun kamu da COVID-19.

Amma "idan kana cikin koshin lafiya - kana cikin tsari mai kyau kuma ba ka da cututtuka - to ba ka da masaniya game da cututtuka," in ji Thomas Russo, MD, farfesa kuma shugaban cututtukan cututtuka a Jami'ar Buffalo a New York. .  

Ta yaya cuta ta shafi COVID-19?

Yana yiwuwa a sami yanayin rashin lafiya, kwangilar SARS-CoV-2 (cutar da ke haifar da COVID-19), kuma ta kasance lafiya; amma yanayin lafiyar ku na iya sanya ku cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar mai tsanani, in ji Dokta Adalja. (FYI - CDC ta bayyana "mummunan rashin lafiya daga COVID-19" azaman asibiti, shigar da ICU, intubation ko iskar inji, ko mutuwa.)

Ya kara da cewa "Cigaba da kamuwa da cutar kan haifar da yawancin cututtukan da ke kamuwa da kwayar cutar saboda suna rage adadin ilimin halittar jikin mutum wanda zai iya samu," in ji shi. Misali, mutumin da ke fama da cutar huhu (watau COPD) na iya samun raunana huhu da ikon numfashi. Ya kara da cewa "Cututtuka na iya haifar da lalacewar da ke wanzuwa a wurin da kwayar cutar za ta iya kamuwa," in ji shi.

Wannan na iya ƙara yuwuwar COVID-19 na iya yin lahani ga waɗannan wuraren (watau huhu, zuciya, ƙwaƙwalwa) fiye da wanda ke da lafiya. Mutanen da ke da wasu cututtuka suma suna iya samun tsarin garkuwar jiki kawai wanda, a cikin kalmomin Dr. Russo, "ba zai kai ga shaka ba" saboda yanayin rashin lafiyar su, yana sa su iya samun COVID-19 a farkon wuri, in ji shi. (Mai alaƙa: Ga Duk abin da kuke Bukatar Ku sani Game da Cutar Coronavirus da Rigakafin rigakafi)

Amma ba duk yanayin da ya riga ya kasance daidai yake ba. Don haka, yayin da ciwon kuraje, alal misali, shine ba da ake tunanin zai haifar muku da babbar illa idan kuka yi rashin lafiya, wasu lamuran likitanci masu mahimmanci-watau ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya-an nuna su haɓaka haɗarin ku na manyan alamun COVID-19. A zahiri, wani binciken watan Yuni na 2020 yayi nazarin bayanai daga labaran da aka yi bita na takwarorinsu da aka buga daga Janairu zuwa Afrilu 20, 2020, kuma ya gano cewa mutanen da ke da yanayin rashin lafiya da yuwuwar kamuwa da cuta suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani har ma da mutuwa daga COVID- 19. "Marasa lafiya masu kamuwa da cuta yakamata suyi duk matakan da suka wajaba don gujewa kamuwa da SARS CoV-2, saboda galibi suna da mafi girman tsinkaye," in ji masu binciken, waɗanda kuma suka gano cewa marasa lafiya da waɗannan batutuwa masu mahimmanci sun kasance cikin mafi girman haɗarin cutar mai tsanani. :

• Hawan jini
• Kiba
• Ciwon huhu na kullum
• Ciwon suga
• Ciwon zuciya

Sauran cututtukan da ke haifar da COVID-19 mai tsanani sun haɗa da ciwon daji, Down syndrome, da ciki, a cewar CDC, wanda ke da jerin yanayin rashin lafiya a cikin masu cutar coronavirus. An rushe jerin zuwa sassa biyu: yanayin da ke haɓaka haɗarin mutum don rashin lafiya mai tsanani daga COVID-19 (kamar waɗanda aka ambata) da waɗanda iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani daga COVID-19 (watau asma mai matsakaici zuwa mai tsanani, cystic fibrosis, dementia, HIV).

Wancan ya ce, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa coronavirus har yanzu ƙwayar cuta ce, don haka akwai iyakataccen bayanai da bayanai kan cikakken yadda yanayin ƙaƙƙarfan ke shafar tsananin COVID-19. Don haka, jerin CDC kawai "ya haɗa da sharuɗɗa tare da isassun shaidu don yanke hukunci." (BTW, yakamata ku kasance masu rufe fuska sau biyu don kariya daga coronavirus?)

Menene cutarwa ke tasiri maganin COVID-19?

A halin yanzu CDC tana ba da shawarar a haɗa mutanen da ke fama da cututtuka a cikin kashi 1C na allurar rigakafi - musamman, waɗanda ke tsakanin shekaru 16 zuwa 64 tare da yanayin rashin lafiya waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani daga COVID-19. Wannan ya sanya su cikin layi bayan ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya, mazauna wuraren kulawa na dogon lokaci, mahimman ma'aikata na gaba, da mutanen da shekarunsu suka kai 75 da haihuwa. (Dangane: 10 Mahimman Ma'aikata Baƙi Suna Raba Yadda Suke Koyar da Kula da Kai A Lokacin Bala'in)

Koyaya, kowace jiha ta ƙirƙiri jagororin daban-daban don ƙaddamar da allurar rigakafin ta kuma, har ma a lokacin, "jihohi daban-daban za su samar da jerin abubuwa daban-daban," dangane da waɗancan yanayin da suke ɗauka na damuwa, in ji Dokta Russo.

"Cututtuka sune babban abin da ke tantance wanda ke haifar da COVID-19 mai tsanani, wanda ke buƙatar asibiti, da kuma wanda ya mutu," in ji Dokta Adalja. "Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa allurar rigakafin ta fi yin illa ga waɗancan mutanen saboda zai cire yuwuwar COVID ya zama musu babbar cuta, tare da rage ikon su na yada cutar." (Mai dangantaka: Duk abin da kuke Bukatar Ku sani Game da Allurar COVID-19 na Johnson & Johnson)

Idan kuna da yanayin rashin lafiya mai zurfi kuma ba ku da tabbacin ko hakan ya shafi cancantar rigakafin ku, magana da likitan ku, wanda ya kamata ya iya ba da jagora.

Bayanai a cikin wannan labarin daidai ne har zuwa lokacin da ake bugawa. Kamar yadda sabuntawa game da coronavirus COVID-19 ke ci gaba da haɓakawa, yana yiwuwa wasu bayanai da shawarwari a cikin wannan labarin sun canza tun farkon bugawa. Muna ƙarfafa ku da ku bincika akai-akai tare da albarkatu kamar CDC, WHO, da sashin kula da lafiyar jama'a na gida don ƙarin sabbin bayanai da shawarwari.

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