Dermatomyositis: menene shi, bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Yadda za a bi da

Dermatomyositis wata cuta ce mai saurin kumburi wacce ke shafar tsokoki da fata, wanda ke haifar da rauni na tsoka da cututtukan fata. Yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin mata kuma ya fi faruwa ga manya, amma yana iya bayyana a cikin mutanen da shekarunsu ba su kai 16 ba, ana kiransu yarinta dermatomyositis.

Wani lokaci, cututtukan dermatomyositis suna haɗuwa da ciwon daji, wanda zai iya zama alama ta ci gaban wasu nau'ikan cututtukan kansa kamar huhu, nono, ƙwarjin kwan mace, ƙwayar mace da kansar hanji. Hakanan za'a iya haɗa shi da wasu cututtukan rigakafi, kamar su scleroderma da haɗakar cututtukan nama, misali. Hakanan ku fahimci menene scleroderma.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan cuta asalinsu ne, wanda ƙwayoyin jikin mutum ke kai hari ga tsokoki da haifar da kumburi na fata, kuma, kodayake ba a fahimci dalilin wannan aikin ba tukuna, an san cewa yana da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin halitta canje-canje, ko tasirin wasu magunguna ko cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Dermatomyositis ba shi da magani, sabili da haka cuta ce ta yau da kullun, duk da haka, jiyya tare da corticosteroids ko magungunan rigakafi na iya taimaka sarrafa alamun.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cutar dermatomyositis na iya hadawa da:

• Weaknessarfin rauni, musamman a cikin ɓangaren yanki, ƙashin ƙugu da na mahaifa, a hankali kuma tare da ci gaba da taɓarɓarewa;
• Bayyanannun tabo ko ƙananan kumbura-ja a kan fata, musamman a haɗin yatsun hannu, gwiwar hannu da gwiwoyi, da ake kira alamar Gottron ko papules;
• Harsunan violet a saman ƙwan ido na sama, ana kiransu heliotrope;
• Hadin gwiwa da kumburi;
• Zazzaɓi;
• Gajiya;
• Matsalar haɗiye;
• Ciwon ciki;
• Amai;
• Rage nauyi.

Gabaɗaya, mutanen da ke fama da wannan cutar na iya zama da wahala su yi ayyukan yau da kullun kamar tsefe gashinsu, tafiya, hawa matakala ko tashi daga kujera. Bugu da kari, alamun cututtukan fata na iya kara muni tare da daukar rana.

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ko lokacin da cututtukan dermatomyositis ya bayyana tare da wasu cututtukan autoimmune, wasu gabobin kamar zuciya, huhu ko koda ma ana iya shafawa, yana shafar aikinsa da haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Ganewar cutar dermatomyositis ana yin ta ne ta hanyar kimanta alamomin cutar, kimantawa ta jiki da gwaje-gwaje irin su biopsy na tsoka, electromyography ko gwajin jini don gano kasancewar wasu abubuwa da ke nuni da lalata tsoka, kamar su CPK, DHL ko AST gwaje-gwaje, misali misali.

Akwai yiwuwar samar da kayan sarrafa kansa, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman na ƙwayoyin cuta (MSAs), anti-RNP ko anti MJ, misali. wanda za'a iya samun sa da yawa a gwajin jini.

Don tabbatar da ganewar asali, ya zama dole kuma ga likita ya bambanta alamun cututtukan dermatomyositis daga wasu cututtukan da ke haifar da alamomi irin su, kamar polymyositis ko myositis tare da jikin haɗe, waɗanda su ma cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin tsoka ne. Sauran cututtukan da ya kamata a yi la’akari da su su ne, myofascitis, necrotizing myositis, polymyalgia rheumatica ko kumburin da magunguna suka haifar, kamar su clofibrate, simvastatin ko amphotericin, misali.

Yadda za a bi da

Maganin cutar dermatomyositis ana yin shi ne bisa ga alamun cutar da marasa lafiya suka gabatar, amma a mafi yawan lokuta ya haɗa da amfani da:

• Corticosteroids kamar Prednisone, yayin da suke rage kumburi a jiki;
• Immunosuppressants kamar su Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Mycophenolate ko Cyclophosphamide, don rage martanin tsarin garkuwar jiki;
• Sauran magunguna, kamar Hydroxychloroquine, saboda suna da amfani don sauƙaƙe alamun cututtukan fata, kamar ƙwarewar haske, misali.

Wadannan magunguna yawanci ana shan su ne a cikin manyan allurai da na tsawan lokaci, kuma suna da tasirin rage aikin kumburi da rage alamomin cutar. Lokacin da waɗannan magungunan ba suyi aiki ba, wani zaɓi shine a yiwa ɗan adam immunoglobulin.

Haka kuma yana yiwuwa a yi zaman motsa jiki, tare da atisayen gyarawa wanda ke taimakawa wajen sauƙaƙe alamomin da kauce wa yin kwangila da koma baya. Hakanan ana nuna kariya ta hoto, tare da hasken rana, don hana mummunan rauni na raunin fata.

Lokacin da cututtukan dermatomyositis ke haɗuwa da cutar kansa, magani mafi dacewa shi ne magance kansar, galibi yana haifar da alamomi da alamomin cutar da sauƙi.