Cututtuka 11 da kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa

Wadatacce

• 1. Cutar fitsari
• 2. Ciwon sankarau
• 3. Chlamydia
• 4. Cutar sankara
• 5. Ciwon ciki
• 6. kuturta
• 7. Cikakken tari
• 8. tarin fuka
• 9. Ciwon huhu
• 10. Salmonellosis
• 11.Leptospirosis

Kwayar cuta wasu kananan kwayoyin halitta wadanda suke a zahiri cikin jiki da muhalli kuma hakan na iya haifar da cuta ko kuma ba zai iya haifar da ita ba. Kwayar cutar da ke haifar da cuta an san ta da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke iya shiga cikin jiki ta hanyar shan gurɓataccen abinci ko ruwa, saduwa da jima'i ba tare da kariya ba ko ta hanyoyin iska, misali.

Cututtukan da kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa galibi ana amfani dasu ta hanyar amfani da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyi, wanda yakamata ayi amfani dasu kamar yadda likita ya umurta don hana fitowar ƙwayoyin cuta masu juriya da yawa, waɗanda ke da alhakin kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani da rikitarwa.

1. Cutar fitsari

Cututtukan fitsari na daga cikin cututtukan da ake kamuwa da su ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma hakan na iya faruwa ne saboda rashin daidaiton kwayar halittar jikin, ko kuma saboda kasancewar ka riƙe baƙin, ba sa tsafta sosai, sha ruwa kaɗan a lokacin rana ko samun duwatsu a cikin kodan, misali.

Akwai kwayoyin cuta da yawa wadanda zasu iya haifar da cutar yoyon fitsari, manyansu sune Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., Providencia sp. kuma Morganella spp..

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Babban alamomin da suka shafi kamuwa da cutar yoyon fitsari sune ciwo da zafi lokacin fitsari, fitsari mai gajimare ko jini, ƙarancin zazzabi mai ci gaba, yawan yin fitsari da jin ba za a iya fitar da mafitsara ba.

Yadda za a bi da: Maganin kamuwa da cutar yoyon fitsari likita ne ke nuna shi lokacin da akwai alamomi kuma aka gano kwayar halittar, kuma yawanci ana nuna amfani da kwayoyin cuta, kamar Ciprofloxacino. Koyaya, idan babu alamun bayyanar, likita na iya zaɓar kada ya sha maganin rigakafi don hana fitowar ƙwayoyin cuta masu jurewa.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Yin rigakafin kamuwa da cutar yoyon fitsari ana yin sa ne ta hanyar sarrafa abubuwan da ke haifar da shi. Don haka, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye tsafta ta hanyar da kyau, a guji riƙe baƙin na dogon lokaci kuma a sha aƙalla lita 2 na ruwa kowace rana, misali.

2. Ciwon sankarau

Cutar sankarau ta yi daidai da kumburin nama da ke kewaye da kwakwalwa da lakar gwaiwa, meninges, kuma ana iya haifar da shi daga nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta, manyan su sune Streptococcus ciwon huhu, Cutar tarin fuka na Mycobacterium, Haemophilus mura kuma Neisseria meningitidis, wanda za a iya samu ta hanyar ɓoyewa daga mutanen da aka gano da cutar.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Alamomin cutar sankarau na iya bayyana kimanin kwanaki 4 bayan shigar maniyyi, sannan kuma za a iya samun zazzabi, ciwon kai da yayin motsawa a wuya, bayyanar launuka masu launin shuɗi a kan fata, rikicewar tunani, yawan gajiya da taurin tsoka a cikin wuya.

Yadda za a bi da: Maganin cutar sankarau galibi ana yin sa ne a asibiti, don likitan ya tantance kimar mutum kuma ya hana rikitarwa. Don haka, ya zama dole a yi amfani da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, a cewar kwayoyin cutar, kuma za a iya amfani da Penicillin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol ko Ceftriaxone, alal misali, wanda ya kamata a yi amfani da shi kamar yadda likita ya umurta, ana iya nuna shi.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Rigakafin cutar sankarau ya kamata a yi shi musamman ta hanyar rigakafin cutar sankarau, wanda ya kamata a sha tun yana yaro. Bugu da kari, yana da muhimmanci ga masu dauke da cutar sankarau su sanya abin rufe fuska su kuma guji tari, magana ko atishawa a kusa da masu lafiya don kauce wa yaduwar cutar. Gano wane irin rigakafin kariya daga kamuwa da cutar sankarau

3. Chlamydia

Chlamydia cuta ce da ake yadawa ta jima'i ta hanyar kwayar cuta Chlamydia trachomatis, wanda za a iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar saduwa ta baka, ta farji ko ta dubura ba tare da kwaroron roba ba, sannan kuma ana iya daukar kwayar cutar daga mace zuwa ga yaronta yayin haihuwa na yau da kullun alhali ba a yi magani daidai ba.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Alamomin chlamydia na iya bayyana har zuwa makonni 3 bayan hulɗa da ƙwayoyin cuta, zafi da zafi lokacin fitsari, farin azzakari mai launin rawaya mai launin fari-fari ko na farji, kwatankwacin najji, ciwon mara na kumburi ko kumburin kwayar halittar, misali, ana iya lura da su. San sauran alamun chlamydia.

Yadda za a bi da: Yakamata a yi maganin chlamydia a karkashin jagorancin likitan mata ko urologist, kuma an ba da shawarar yin amfani da maganin rigakafi, kamar Azithromycin ko Doxycycline, don inganta kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta da sauƙaƙe alamomin. Yana da mahimmanci cewa wanda ya kamu da cutar ya yi maganin tare da abokin tarayya, koda kuwa babu alamun bayyanar a bayyane, saboda yana yiwuwa a kiyaye kamuwa da cutar.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Don hana kamuwa da cuta taChlamydia trachomatis,yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da robaron roba a kowane lokaci kuma a yi maganin kamar yadda likita ya umurta, koda kuwa ba a sami wata alama ko alama ba.

4. Cutar sankara

Gonorrhea cuta ce da ake yadawa ta jima'i ta hanyar kwayoyin cuta Neisseria gonorrhoeae wanda ake daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar saduwa ba tare da kariya ba, al'aura ko kuma saduwa da baki.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: A mafi yawan lokuta gonorrhoe yana da rashin damuwa, amma duk da haka wasu alamomin na iya bayyana har zuwa kwanaki 10 bayan sun haɗu da ƙwayoyin cuta, ana iya jin zafi da ƙonawa lokacin yin fitsari, fitar farin ruwa mai launin rawaya, kumburin bututun fitsari, matsalar rashin fitsari ko kumburi a cikin dubura, lokacin da kamuwa da cuta ya faru ta hanyar saduwa ta dubura.

Yadda za a bi da: Yakamata ayi maganin gonorrhoea bisa ga shawarar likita, tare da amfani da maganin rigakafi, kamar Azithromycin ko Ceftriaxone, da ƙauracewa yin jima'i yayin lokacin magani ana bada shawarar yadda yakamata.

Yana da mahimmanci a gudanar da maganin har zuwa karshen, koda kuwa babu wasu alamu da alamomi na zahiri, saboda ta wannan hanyar yana yiwuwa a bada tabbacin kawar da kwayoyin cuta da kuma hana ci gaban rikitarwa, kamar cutar kumburin ciki da rashin haihuwa . Learnara koyo game da maganin kwarkwata.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Don hana yaduwar cututtukan ciki da yaduwa, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da kwaroron roba a cikin duk jima'i.

5. Ciwon ciki

Kamar chlamydia da gonorrhea, syphilis shima cuta ne da ake yadawa ta hanyar jima'i, wanda kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa Treponema pallidum, wanda yaduwar sa na iya faruwa ta hanyar yin jima'i ba tare da kariya ba ko kuma kai tsaye tare da raunin syphilis, tunda suna da wadatar ƙwayoyin cuta. Bugu da kari, ana iya daukar kwayar cutar ta syphilis daga hannu zuwa yaro yayin daukar ciki ko kuma lokacin haihuwa, lokacin da ba a gano cutar ba da / ko kuma magance ta daidai.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Alamomin farko na kamuwa da cutar sikila sune ciwo wanda baya cutar ko haifar da rashin jin daɗi wanda zai iya bayyana akan al'aura, dubura ko al'aurar mata kuma ya ɓace kwatsam. Bacewar wadannan raunuka ba wata alama ce da ke nuna cewa an shawo kan cutar ba, a'a sai dai kwayoyin na yaduwa ta hanyoyin jini ta cikin jiki, wanda hakan na iya haifar da cutar sikila ta biyu da ta uku. Duba ƙarin game da alamun cututtukan syphilis.

Yadda za a bi da: Dole ne likitan mahaifa ko likitan mata ya ba da shawarar warkar da cutar ta syphilis daidai da matakin cutar da mutum yake ciki da kuma tsananin alamun alamun. Gabaɗaya, ana yin maganin ta allurai na benzathine penicillin, wanda ke da ikon inganta kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Yin rigakafin cutar syphilis ana yin sa ne ta hanyar amfani da kwaroron roba a cikin duk alaƙar jima'i, don haka yana yiwuwa a guji haɗuwa da raunin. Bugu da kari, a bangaren mata masu juna biyu masu cutar sikila, domin kare kamuwa da jariri, yana da mahimmanci a yi magani bisa ga umarnin likitan, saboda ta wannan hanyar ana iya rage adadin kwayoyin cuta masu yaduwa da raguwa hadarin watsawa.

6. kuturta

Kuturta, wanda aka fi sani da kuturta, cuta ce da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa Mycobacterium leprae kuma ana iya yada hakan ta hanyar mu'amala da hancin mutane na kuturta, galibi.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Wannan kwayar cuta tana da fifiko ga tsarin mai juyayi kuma tana iya haifar da cutar nakasa, misali. Koyaya, mafi alamomin alamun cutar kuturta sune raunuka da aka kirkira akan fata, wanda yake faruwa saboda kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jini da akan fatar. Don haka, mafi alamun alamun cutar kuturta sune bushewar fata, rashin jin daɗi da kasancewar raunuka da raunuka a ƙafa, hanci da idanu, wanda zai iya haifar da makanta.

Yadda za a bi da: Dole ne likitan cutar ya nuna maganin cutar kuturta da zarar an gano cutar don a sami damar samun waraka ta gaske. Don haka, yawanci ana yin magani tare da magunguna daban-daban domin kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta da hana ci gaban cutar da bayyanar rikitarwa. Mafi yawan magungunan da aka nuna sune Dapsone, Rifampicin da Clofazimine, wanda yakamata ayi amfani dasu bisa ga jagorancin likitan.

Bugu da kari, saboda nakasar da ka iya tasowa, yana iya zama dole a aiwatar da hanyoyin gyara har ma da lura da hankali, tun da mutanen da ke cutar kuturta na iya fuskantar wariya saboda bayyanar su. Fahimci yadda ake aikata kuturta.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Mafi ingancin hanyar rigakafin cutar kuturta ita ce gano cutar a matakan farko da kuma fara jinya da zarar an tabbatar da cutar. Ta wannan hanyar, yana yiwuwa a hana aukuwar alamomi da rikitarwa da yaduwar wasu mutane.

7. Cikakken tari

Tari tari shine cuta na numfashi wanda kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa Cutar Bordetella, wanda ke shiga cikin jiki ta hanyoyin iska, suna kwana a cikin huhu kuma yana haifar da ci gaban alamomin numfashi, kasancewa mafi yawa ga yara kuma wanda ana iya rigakafin sa ta rigakafin.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Alamomin farko na cututtukan fitsari sun yi kama da na mura, tare da zazzabi mai zafi, hanci da busasshen tari, misali. Koyaya, yayin da cutar ta ci gaba yana yiwuwa a sami lokutan tari kwatsam wanda mutum yake wahalar numfashi kuma wannan ƙarshen yana cikin shaƙar iska, kamar dai mura ce.

Yadda za a bi da: Maganin cutar pertussis ya hada da amfani da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, kamar su Azithromycin, Clarithromycin ko Erythromycin, alal misali, wanda ya kamata a yi amfani da shi bisa ga jagorancin likita.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Don rigakafin cutar kumburin ciki, ana ba da shawarar a guji zama a wuraren da aka rufe na dogon lokaci da wanke hannuwanku da sabulu da ruwa akai-akai, ban da shan allurar rigakafin DTPA, wacce aka tanada a cikin shirin allurar rigakafin yaro kuma wanda ke ba da tabbacin kariya daga cutar ., cututtukan fuka, tarin fuka da tetanus. Learnara koyo game da rigakafin DTPA

8. tarin fuka

Tarin fuka cuta ce ta numfashi wacce kwayar cuta ta Mycobacterium tarin fuka, wanda aka fi sani da Koch's bacillus, wanda ke shiga cikin jiki ta hanyoyin iska na sama da ke kwana a cikin huhu wanda ke haifar da ci gaban alamomi da alamomin numfashi, ban da yaɗuwa. A cikin jiki da haifar da ci gaban tarin fuka na ƙari. Ara koyo game da tarin fuka

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Babban alamun cutar tarin fuka na huhu shine tari sama da makonni uku, wanda zai iya kasancewa tare da jini, jin zafi yayin numfashi ko tari, zufa da dare da ƙananan zazzaɓi.

Yadda za a bi da:Kulawa da tarin fuka ana ci gaba da gudana, ma'ana, likitan huhu ko kuma cututtukan cututtuka sun nuna haɗin Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide da Etambutol na kimanin watanni 6 ko kuma har sai an warke cutar. Bugu da kari, an ba da shawarar cewa mutumin da ake yiwa jinyar cutar tarin fuka ya kasance kebe a cikin kwanaki 15 na fara jinya, tunda har yanzu yana iya yada kwayoyin cutar ga wasu mutane.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin:Rigakafin tarin fuka ana yin sa ne ta hanyar matakai masu sauki, kamar gujewa zama a cikin jama'a da wuraren rufewa, rufe bakinka yayin tari da kuma wanke hannuwanku akai-akai. Bugu da kari, ana iya yin rigakafin ta hanyar rigakafin BCG, wanda dole ne ayi shi jim kadan bayan haihuwa.

9. Ciwon huhu

Ciwon huhu na nimoniya yawanci kwayar cuta ce ke haifar da ita Streptococcus ciwon huhu, wanda zai iya haifar da cuta galibi ga yara da tsofaffi kuma kamuwa da cutar yawanci na faruwa ne ta hanyar shigar da ƙwayoyin cuta cikin huhu daga huhu daga baki ko kuma sakamakon kamuwa da shi a wani sashin jiki.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Babban alamun cututtukan huhu na huhu S. ciwon huhu tari tare da maniyyi, zazzabi mai zafi, wahalar numfashi da ciwon kirji, yana da mahimmanci a tuntubi likitan huhu ko babban likita domin a kimanta alamun cutar kuma za'a iya fara magani mafi dacewa.

Yadda za a bi da: Jiyya don ciwon huhu Streptococcus ciwon huhu yawanci ana yin sa ne da hutawa da magungunan kashe ƙwayoyi, kamar Amoxicillin ko Azithromycin, har zuwa kwanaki 14, bisa ga magungunan da aka nuna. Bugu da ƙari, a wasu yanayi, likita na iya ba da shawarar likitancin motsa jiki don sauƙaƙa aikin numfashi.

Ta yaya rigakafin ke faruwa: Don hana cututtukan huhu na huhu, ana bada shawara don a guji zama a ɗakunan da aka rufe na dogon lokaci tare da rashin iska mai kyau da kuma wanke hannuwanku sosai.

10. Salmonellosis

Salmonellosis, ko guban abinci, cuta ce da ke faruwa ta hanyar Salmonella sp., Wanda za a iya samu ta hanyar cin abinci da ruwa, ban da saduwa da dabbobin da kwayoyin cuta suka gurbata. Babban tushen Salmonella sp. dabbobi ne da ake kiwo a gonaki, kamar shanu, aladu da kaji, galibi.Don haka, abincin da za'a iya samu daga waɗannan dabbobin, kamar su nama, ƙwai da madara, sun dace da babban tushen kamuwa da cutar salmonellosis.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Alamomin kamuwa da cutar ta Salmonella sp. suna bayyana awa 8 zuwa 48 bayan sun gama hulɗa da kwayoyin cutar, kuma ana iya lura dasu, amai, tashin zuciya, ciwon ciki, zazzabi, ciwon kai, rashin lafiya da sanyi. A wasu lokuta, ana iya lura da gudawa da jini a cikin kujerun.

Yadda za a bi da: Ba a yin maganin salmonellosis yawanci tare da amfani da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, galibi likita ya nuna shi don maye gurbin ruwaye, don kaucewa rashin ruwa, wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga tsofaffi da yara, da kuma kula da tashin zuciya, amai da ciwo.

A cikin al'amuran da suka fi tsanani, lokacin da alamun cutar suka ci gaba kuma akwai zato game da kamuwa da jini ta wannan kwayar, mai cutar zai iya ba da shawarar amfani da maganin rigakafi, kamar su fluoroquinolones ko azithromycin, misali.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Rigakafin yaduwar cutar ta Salmonella sp., galibi ana yin sa ne ta hanyar tsabtar jiki da matakan abinci. Wato yana da mahimmanci ka wanke hannuwan ka da kyau bayan ka sadu da dabbobi da kuma kafin da kuma bayan shirya abinci, musamman lokacin da suke danye.

11.Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa wacce kwayar cuta ta kwayoyin cuta ta haifar Leptospira, wanda kamuwarsa ke faruwa ta hanyar mu'amala kai tsaye ko kuma kai tsaye ta hanyar fitsari, najasa ko ɓoyayyen ɓoye na ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan cutar ta fi faruwa ne a lokutan ruwan sama, tunda fitsari da najasar bera, karnuka ko kuliyoyi, sun bazu a wurin, don sauƙaƙe kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Kwayar cututtukan leptospirosis galibi suna bayyana ne kimanin kwanaki 5 zuwa 14 bayan kwayoyin cutar sun shiga cikin jiki ta jikin membobi ko raunin fata, kuma suna iya haifar da alamomi kamar ciwon kai, ciwon tsoka, zazzabi mai zafi, sanyi, jajayen idanu da tashin zuciya. zai iya kaiwa ga jini ya yada zuwa wasu kyallen takarda, gami da kwakwalwa, yana haifar da alamun rashin lafiya mai tsanani kamar wahalar numfashi da tari na jini.

Bugu da kari, saboda dagewar kwayoyin cuta na kwayoyin, za a iya samun karancin aiki kuma, sakamakon haka, gazawar koda, wanda ka iya sanya rayuwar mutum cikin hadari.

Yadda za a bi da: Babban nau'in magani shine ta hanyar maganin rigakafi, wanda ya kamata a nuna shi da zarar bayyanar cututtuka ta bayyana. Yawancin lokaci masanin ilimin likitancin yana ba da shawarar amfani da Amoxicillin na tsawon kwanaki 7 zuwa 10 kuma, dangane da marasa lafiyar da ke rashin lafiyan wannan kwayoyin, ana ba da shawarar Erythromycin. Bugu da kari, ya danganta da tsananin alamun cutar, ana bukatar sa ido kan aikin koda, kuma ana iya bukatar wankin koda.

Kodayake ba cuta ba ce da za a iya kamuwa daga mutum zuwa mutum, amma dai ana so wanda ya kamu da cutar Leptospirosis ya huta kuma ya sha isasshen ruwa don yin saurin warkewa.

Yadda ake yin rigakafin: Don kaucewa leptospirosis, ana bada shawarar kaucewa gurɓatattun wurare, kamar laka, koguna, tsayayyen ruwa da wuraren ambaliyar ruwa, misali. Bugu da kari, a yanayin ambaliyar gida, alal misali, ana ba da shawarar a wanke duk kayan daki da bene tare da bilki ko chlorine.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a guji tara shara a gida sannan a guji tara ruwa, saboda ban da guje wa leptospirosis, ana kaucewa wasu cututtuka, kamar su dengue da malaria, misali. Koyi game da wasu hanyoyin don hana leptospirosis.