Ga Yarjejeniyar tare da Ba da gudummawar Plasma don Marasa lafiya na COVID-19

Wadatacce

• Don haka, Menene Maganin Plasma Convalescent, Daidai?
• Wanene zai iya ba da gudummawar Plasma Convalescent don COVID-19?
• Menene gudummawar Plasma Convalescent ya Haɗa?
• Bita don

Tun daga ƙarshen Maris, cutar amai da gudawa ta ci gaba da koyar da al'umma - da duniya - gabaɗayan sabbin kalmomi: nisantar da jama'a, kayan kariya na sirri (PPE), tuntuɓar, don kawai suna. Da alama a kowace ranar wucewa ta cutar (da alama ta dawwama) ana samun sabon ci gaba wanda ke ba da tabbataccen ikon jimlar jimloli don ƙara zuwa ƙamus na COVID-19 da ke haɓakawa. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka ƙara kwanan nan zuwa ƙara yawan ƙamus ɗin ku? Magungunan plasma na convalescent.

Ba saba? Zan yi bayani…

A ranar 23 ga Agusta, 2020 Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) ta ba da izinin yin amfani da gaggawa na plasma convalescent-sashin da ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta da aka karɓa daga marasa lafiyar COVID-19 da aka dawo dasu-don maganin cututtukan coronavirus masu tsanani. Bayan haka, fiye da mako guda bayan haka, a ranar 1 ga Satumba, Kwamitin Ka'idodin Jiyya na COVID-19, wani ɓangare na Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Ƙasa (NIH), ya shiga tattaunawar, yana mai cewa "ba a sami isasshen bayanai don ba da shawarar ko dai don ko rashin amfani da shi. na plasma convalescent don maganin COVID-19. ”

Kafin wannan wasan kwaikwayo, an ba da plasma convalescent ga marasa lafiya COVID-19 marasa lafiya ta hanyar Mayo Clinic-Jagorancin Fadada Samun damar (EAP), wanda ke buƙatar rajistar likita don neman plasma ga marasa lafiya, a cewar FDA. Yanzu, ci gaba, EAP ya ƙare kuma ana maye gurbinsa da FDA ta Amfani da Ba da Agajin Gaggawa (EUA), wanda da gaske yana ba likitoci da asibitoci damar buƙatar plasma ba tare da cika wasu ka'idojin yin rajista ba. Amma, kamar yadda sanarwar NIH ta kwanan nan ta jaddada, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike kafin kowa ya iya ba da shawarar a hukumance (kuma amintacce) ba da shawarar maganin ƙwayar cuta a matsayin amintaccen magani na COVID-19.

Magungunan plasma na convalescent ya fi sauƙi fiye da kowane lokaci a matsayin yuwuwar magani ga COVID-19 a Amurka, amma menene daidai? Kuma ta yaya za ku ba da gudummawar plasma convalescent ga marasa lafiya na COVID-19? Gaba, duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani.

Don haka, Menene Maganin Plasma Convalescent, Daidai?

Na farko, menene convalescent plasma? Convalescent (sifa da suna) suna nufin duk wanda ke murmurewa daga cuta, kuma plasma shine rawaya, ɓangaren ruwa na jini wanda ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin rigakafi don cuta, a cewar FDA. Kuma, idan kun rasa ajin ilimin halitta na aji na 7, ƙwayoyin rigakafi sune sunadaran da aka kafa don yaƙar takamaiman cututtuka bayan kamuwa da cutar.

Don haka, plasma convalescent shine kawai plasma daga wanda ya warke daga cuta - a wannan yanayin, COVID-19, in ji Brenda Grossman, MD, darektan likita na Magungunan Transfusion a Asibitin Barnes-Jewish, kuma farfesa a Makarantar Jami'ar Washington. Magunguna a St. Louis. Dr. Grossman ya ce: "An yi amfani da kwayar cutar plasma a baya, tare da tasiri daban-daban, don cututtuka da yawa, ciki har da mura na Spain, SARS, MERS, da Ebola," in ji Dr. Grossman.

Yanzu, ga inda “farkon” ya shigo: Da zarar an sami plasma daga mutumin da aka murmure, ana juyar da shi cikin mara lafiya na yanzu (kuma galibi mai tsanani) mara lafiya ta yadda ƙwayoyin rigakafi za su iya da fatan “sun ware kwayar cutar kuma suna iya haɓaka kawar da kwayar cutar. daga jiki," in ji Emily Stoneman, MD, kwararre kan cututtuka a Jami'ar Michigan da ke Ann Arbor. A takaice dai, ana amfani da shi "don haɓaka rigakafin mara lafiyar da fatan rage tasirin cutar."

Amma, kamar yadda yake da yawa a rayuwa (ugh, Dating), lokaci shine komai. "Yawanci yana ɗaukar kusan makonni biyu don mutanen da suka kamu da COVID-19 su samar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin rigakafin da kansu," in ji Dokta Stoneman. "Idan an ba da plasma convalescent da wuri a lokacin rashin lafiya, yana iya rage tsawon lokacin rashin lafiya kuma ya hana. Don haka, yayin da ake buƙatar ƙarin bincike don tantance ingancin maganin ƙwayar cuta ta convalescent, dalilin yanzu shine cewa da farko mara lafiya ya karɓi magani, mafi kusantar su ga sakamako mai kyau. (Mai alaƙa: Yadda ake Magance Damuwar Kiwon Lafiya Lokacin COVID-19, da Bayan)

Wanene zai iya ba da gudummawar Plasma Convalescent don COVID-19?

Lambar cancanta ɗaya: kuna da coronavirus kuma kuna da gwajin don tabbatar da hakan.

"Mutane na iya ba da gudummawar plasma idan suna da kamuwa da COVID-19 tare da takaddun dakin gwaje-gwaje (ko dai nasopharyngeal [hanci) ko gwajin rigakafin rigakafi), sun murmure sosai, kuma suna asymptomatic na aƙalla makonni biyu," a cewar Hyunah Yoon, MD, Kwararren mai kamuwa da cuta a Kwalejin Medicine ta Albert Einstein. (Karanta kuma: Menene Ma'anar Ma'anar Gwajin Anti-Jiki Mai Kyau?)

Ba ku da tabbataccen ganewar asali amma kuna da tabbacin cewa kun sami alamun cutar coronavirus? Labari mai dadi: Kuna iya tsara gwajin rigakafin mutum a Red Cross ta Amurka kuma, idan sakamakon ya kasance tabbatacce ga ƙwayoyin rigakafi, ci gaba da dacewa - wato, ba shakka, muddin kun cika sauran buƙatun masu ba da gudummawa, kamar kasancewa marasa alamar alama. don aƙalla kwanaki 14 kafin bayarwa. Yayin da FDA ta ba da shawarar makonni biyu ba tare da alamun bayyanar ba, wasu asibitoci da kungiyoyi na iya buƙatar masu ba da gudummawa su kasance marasa alamun alamun tsawon kwanaki 28, in ji Dr. Grossman.

Bayan wannan, kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Amurka kuma tana buƙatar masu ba da gudummawar jini na plasma sun kasance aƙalla shekaru 17, suna auna 110 lbs, kuma sun cika buƙatun gudummawar jini na ƙungiyar. (Duba wannan jagorar don bayar da jini don ganin ko kuna da kyau ku tafi bisa waɗancan buƙatun.) Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa a lokutan da ba a kamu da cutar ba, za ku iya (kuma, TBH,) kuma ku ba da gudummawar plasma don amfani da ita. sauran jiyya don, ka ce, masu cutar kansa da ƙonewa da waɗanda abin ya shafa, a cewar Cibiyar Jini ta New York.

Menene gudummawar Plasma Convalescent ya Haɗa?

Da zarar kun shirya ziyara tare da cibiyar ba da gudummawa ta gida, lokaci ya yi da za ku yi shiri. Duk abin da ya ƙunshi, duk da haka, shine shan ruwa mai yawa (aƙalla 16oz.) Da cin abinci mai gina jiki da baƙin ƙarfe (jan nama, kifi, wake, alayyahu) awannin da ke gab da alƙawarin ku don hana bushewar ruwa, rashin haske, da dizziness, a cewar kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Amurka.

Sauti saba? Wannan saboda gudummawar jini da jini suna kama da juna - ban da aikin ba da gudummawa. Idan kun taɓa ba da jini, kun san cewa ruwan yana gudana daga hannun ku zuwa cikin jaka kuma sauran shine tarihi. Ba da gudummawar plasma ya ɗan ƙara, kuskure, rikitarwa. Yayin ba da gudummawar jini-kawai, ana fitar da jini daga hannu ɗaya kuma a aika ta na'urar fasaha mai fasaha wanda ke tattara plasma sannan kuma ya dawo da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini da platelets - tare da wasu saline mai ruwa (wanda ake kira saltwater) - komawa cikin jikin ku. Wannan yana da mahimmanci kamar yadda plasma shine kashi 92 na ruwa, a cewar kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Amurka, kuma tsarin ba da gudummawa yana ƙara haɗarin haɗarin rashin ruwa (ƙari akan wannan a ƙasa). Gabaɗayan tsarin bayar da gudummawa yakamata ya ɗauki kusan awa ɗaya da mintuna 15 (kusan mintuna 15 kawai ya fi tsayin gudummawar jini kawai), a cewar kungiyar agaji ta Red Cross ta Amurka.

Hakanan kamar gudummawar jini, illolin bayar da jini ba su da yawa - bayan haka, dole ne ku kasance cikin koshin lafiya gabaɗaya don cancanta tun farko. An faɗi haka, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, bushewar ruwa abu ne mai yiyuwa sosai. Kuma saboda wannan dalili, yana da mahimmanci ku haɓaka yawan ruwan ku a cikin kwanaki masu zuwa kuma ku nisanta daga ɗaga nauyi da motsa jiki aƙalla sauran rana. Kuma kada ku damu da cewa jikinku ya ragu da wasu ruwayoyi masu mahimmanci, kamar yadda zai iya (kuma ya aikata) maye gurbin jini ko jini a cikin sa'o'i 48.

Dangane da haɗarin COVID-19? Wannan bai kamata ya zama damuwa a nan ba. Yawancin cibiyoyin bayar da gudummawar jini ana yin su ta alƙawari kawai don ƙoƙarin kiyaye mafi kyawun ayyukan nisantar da jama'a kuma sun aiwatar da ƙarin matakan kariya kamar yadda Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC) ta bayyana.

Bayanai a cikin wannan labarin daidai ne har zuwa lokacin da ake bugawa. Kamar yadda sabuntawa game da coronavirus COVID-19 ke ci gaba da haɓakawa, yana yiwuwa wasu bayanai da shawarwari a cikin wannan labarin sun canza tun farkon bugawa. Muna ƙarfafa ku da ku bincika akai-akai tare da albarkatu kamar CDC, WHO, da sashin kula da lafiyar jama'a na gida don ƙarin sabbin bayanai da shawarwari.

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