Gwajin COVID-19: Tambayoyi 7 gama gari waɗanda masana suka amsa

Wadatacce

• 1. Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake yi wa COVID-19?
• 2. Wa ya kamata yayi jarabawar?
• Gwajin kan layi: shin kuna cikin ƙungiyar haɗari?
• 3. Yaushe za a yi gwajin COVID-19?
• 4. Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• 5. Shin akwai damar cewa sakamakon "karya" ne?
• 6. Shin akwai wasu gwaje-gwaje masu sauri don COVID-19?
• 7. Yaya tsawon lokacin da za a ɗauka don samun sakamako?

Gwajin COVID-19 ita ce hanya daya tilo wacce za a iya dogaro don gano ko mutum na haƙiƙa ko ya riga ya kamu da sabon kwayar ta corona, saboda alamun na iya kamanceceniya da na mura, wanda ke sa cutar ta zama da wuya.

Baya ga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, tantancewar COVID-19 na iya haɗawa da yin sauran gwaje-gwaje, galibi ƙididdigar jini da kirjin kirji, don tantance girman kamuwa da cutar da kuma gano ko akwai wani nau'in rikitarwa da ke buƙatar ƙarin takamaiman magani.

Swab don gwajin COVID-19

1. Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ake yi wa COVID-19?

Akwai nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje guda uku don gano COVID-19:

• Binciken ɓoyewa: shine hanyar ishara don bincikar COVID-19, tunda tana gano kasancewar kwayar cutar a cikin ɓoyewar iska, yana nuna kamuwa da cuta a halin yanzu. Anyi shi tare da tarin ɓoye ta hanyar shafa, wanda yayi kama da babban takalmin auduga;
• Gwajin jini: yana nazarin kasancewar kwayoyi zuwa kwayar cuta ta kwayar cuta a cikin jini kuma, saboda haka, yana aiki ne don tantance ko mutumin ya riga ya sadu da kwayar, koda kuwa a lokacin binciken ba shi da cutar mai aiki;
• Gwajin ciki, wanda aka yi ta amfani da swab wanda dole ne a ratsa ta dubura, duk da haka, tunda yana da nau'ikan aiki da rashin aiki, ba a nuna shi a cikin kowane yanayi, ana ba da shawarar a cikin lura da marasa lafiya a asibiti.

Ana kiran gwajin gwajin ɓoye a matsayin gwajin COVID-19 ta PCR, yayin da za a iya kiran gwajin jini azaman gwajin serology na COVID-19 ko saurin COVID-19.

An nuna jarabawar dubura na COVID-19 don bin diddigin wasu mutanen da ke da tabo na hanci mai kyau, saboda wasu nazarin sun nuna cewa ƙwanƙollen ƙwayar ƙwallon ƙafa yana da alaƙa da mawuyacin yanayi na COVID-19. Kari akan haka, an kuma gano cewa sashin dubura na iya zama tabbatacce na wani lokaci mai tsawo idan aka kwatanta shi da na hanci ko na makogwaro, wanda hakan ke ba da damar gano masu cutar sosai.

2. Wa ya kamata yayi jarabawar?

Binciken ɓoye na COVID-19 ya kamata a yi a cikin mutanen da ke da alamomin da ke nuna kamuwa da cutar, kamar su tari mai tsanani, zazzabi da ƙarancin numfashi, kuma waɗanda suka faɗa cikin ɗayan ƙungiyoyin masu zuwa:

• Marasa lafiya sun shiga asibiti da sauran cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya;
• Mutane sama da 65;
• Mutanen da ke fama da cututtuka na yau da kullun, kamar ciwon sukari, gazawar koda, hauhawar jini ko cututtukan numfashi;
• Mutanen da ke shan magani tare da ƙwayoyi waɗanda ke rage rigakafi, kamar su masu rigakafin rigakafi ko corticosteroids;
• Masanan kiwon lafiya da ke aiki tare da shari'ar COVID-19.

Bugu da kari, likita na iya yin odan gwajin asirin duk lokacin da kowa ya sami alamomin kamuwa da cutar bayan ya kasance a wani wuri mai yawan kamuwa da cutar ko kuma ya kasance kai tsaye ya hadu da wadanda ake zargi ko tabbatar da su.

Gwajin jinin na kowa zai iya yi don ganowa idan kun riga kun sami COVID-19, koda kuwa ba ku da alamun bayyanar. Auki gwajin alamunmu na kan layi don gano haɗarin samun COVID-19.

Gwajin kan layi: shin kuna cikin ƙungiyar haɗari?

Don gano idan kuna cikin ƙungiyar haɗari ga COVID-19, ɗauki wannan gwajin mai sauri:

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Fara gwajin Jima'i:

• Namiji
• Na mata

Shekaru: Nauyi: Tsawo: A cikin mitoci. Kuna da wani rashin lafiya na kullum?

• A'a
• Ciwon suga
• Hawan jini
• Ciwon daji
• Ciwon zuciya
• Sauran

Kuna da wata cuta wacce take shafar garkuwar jiki?

• A'a
• Lupus
• Mahara sclerosis
• Cutar Sikila
• HIV / AIDs
• Sauran

Kuna da cutar rashin lafiya?

• Ee
• A'a

Shin kai mai shan sigari ne?

• Ee
• A'a

Kuna da dashi?

• Ee
• A'a

Kuna amfani da magungunan likita?

• A'a
• Corticosteroids, kamar Prednisolone
• Immunosuppressants, kamar Cyclosporine
• Sauran

Na Gaba Gaba

3. Yaushe za a yi gwajin COVID-19?

Dole ne a gudanar da gwaje-gwajen COVID-19 a cikin kwanaki 5 na farkon farawar alamomin da kuma mutanen da suka sami wata alaƙar haɗari, kamar kusanci da wani mai cutar a cikin kwanaki 14 da suka gabata.

4. Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Ma'anar sakamakon ya bambanta gwargwadon nau'in gwajin:

• Binciken ɓoyewa: sakamako mai kyau yana nufin cewa kuna da COVID-19;
• Gwajin jini: sakamako mai kyau na iya nuna cewa mutumin yana da cutar ko ya kamu da COVID-19, amma cutar na iya daina aiki.

A ka’ida, mutanen da suka yi gwajin jini na tabbatacce za su buƙaci yin gwajin ɓoye don ganin ko kamuwa da cutar na aiki, musamman ma idan akwai wasu alamun alamun da ke nunawa.

Samun sakamako mara kyau a cikin binciken ɓoyayyun abubuwa ba yana nufin ba ku da kamuwa da cutar. Hakan ya faru ne saboda akwai lokuta inda zai iya daukar kwanaki 10 kafin a gano kwayar cutar a cikin hoton. Don haka, abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne, idan akwai tuhuma, ana daukar duk matakan da suka dace don hana yaduwar kwayar, baya ga kiyaye tazarar zamantakewa har zuwa kwanaki 14.

Duba duk mahimman hanyoyin kiyayewa don kaucewa yada COVID-19.

5. Shin akwai damar cewa sakamakon "karya" ne?

Gwaje-gwajen da aka haɓaka don COVID-19 suna da mahimmanci kuma takamaiman, sabili da haka akwai ƙarancin yiwuwar kuskure a cikin ganewar asali. Koyaya, haɗarin samun sakamakon ƙarya ya fi girma lokacin da aka tattara samfuran a farkon matakan kamuwa da cutar, saboda akwai yiwuwar cewa kwayar cutar ba ta kwafi kanta sosai ba, ko kuma ta da martani game da tsarin garkuwar jiki, don ganowa.

Bugu da kari, lokacin da ba a tattara samfurin ba, aka yi jigilar shi ko adana shi daidai, yana yiwuwa kuma a sami sakamako na "ƙarya mara kyau". A irin wannan yanayi ya zama dole a maimaita gwajin, musamman idan mutum ya nuna alamomi da alamomin kamuwa da cutar, idan ya yi mu'amala da wadanda ake zargin ko kuma wadanda aka tabbatar sun tabbatar da cutar, ko kuma idan yana cikin wata kungiyar da ke fuskantar barazanar COVID- 19.

6. Shin akwai wasu gwaje-gwaje masu sauri don COVID-19?

Gwajin gwaji na COVID-19 hanya ce ta samun saurin bayani game da yiwuwar kamuwa da wata cuta ta baya-bayan nan ko tsohuwar ƙwayar cuta, saboda ana sakin sakamakon ne tsakanin mintuna 15 zuwa 30.

Wannan nau'in gwajin na da nufin gano kasancewar kwayoyi masu yaduwa a jiki wadanda aka samar kan kwayar cutar da ke da alhakin cutar. Sabili da haka, yawanci ana amfani da gwaji mai sauri a matakin farko na ganewar asali kuma galibi ana haɗa shi da gwajin PCR na COVID-19, wanda shine binciken ɓoyewa, musamman lokacin da sakamakon saurin ya zama tabbatacce ko kuma lokacin da akwai alamu da bayyanar cututtuka da ke nuna cutar.

7. Yaya tsawon lokacin da za a ɗauka don samun sakamako?

Lokacin da za a fitar da sakamakon ya dogara da nau'in gwajin da aka yi, kuma zai iya bambanta tsakanin minti 15 zuwa kwanaki 7.

Gwaji masu sauri, waɗanda gwajin jini ne, yawanci suna ɗaukar tsakanin mintuna 15 zuwa 30 don a fito da su, duk da haka dole ne a tabbatar da sakamako mai kyau ta gwajin PCR, wanda zai iya ɗauka tsakanin awanni 12 da kwanaki 7 don sakewa. Manufa ita ce tabbatar da lokacin jiran koyaushe tare da dakin gwaje-gwaje, da buƙatar maimaita jarrabawar.