Farkon Farkon Cutar Alzheimer

Wadatacce

• Sanadin saurin farawa Alzheimer’s
• Kwayoyin halitta
• Hadarin kwayoyin halitta
• Kwayar cututtukan farkon cutar Alzheimer
• Wace gwaji likitanku zai yi don tantance Alzheimer?
• Gwajin gwajin kwayar halitta
• Samu magani da wuri
• Rayuwa tare da farkon cutar Alzheimer
• Taimako ga waɗanda ke da cutar farko ta cutar Alzheimer

Cutar gado ta addabi matasa

Fiye da mutane miliyan 5 a Amurka suna rayuwa tare da cutar Alzheimer. Cutar Alzheimer cuta ce ta ƙwaƙwalwa wacce ke shafar ikon yin tunani da tuna ku. An san shi da farkon Alzheimer, ko ƙaramin Alzheimer, lokacin da ya faru a cikin wani kafin su kai shekaru 65.

Yana da wuya farkon Alzheimer ya fara a cikin mutanen da ke cikin 30s ko 40s. Ya fi shafar mutane a cikin shekaru 50. Kimanin kashi 5 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke da cutar Alzheimer za su ci gaba da bayyanar cututtukan farkon Alzheimer. Learnara koyo game da haɗarin haɗari da haɓaka farkon farawa Alzheimer's da yadda za a magance ganewar asali.

Sanadin saurin farawa Alzheimer’s

Yawancin matasa da aka gano da farkon cutar Alzheimer suna da yanayin ba tare da sanannen dalili ba. Amma wasu mutanen da ke fuskantar farkon cutar Alzheimer suna da yanayin saboda dalilan halittar su. Masu bincike sun iya gano kwayoyin halittar da ke tantance ko kara kasadar kamuwa da cutar Alzheimer.

Kwayoyin halitta

Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da kwayar halitta shine “kwayoyin ƙaddara.” Ididdigar ƙwayoyin halitta suna tabbatar da cewa mutum zai ci gaba da cutar. Wadannan kwayoyin suna dauke da kasa da kashi 5 cikin dari na al'amuran Alzheimer.

Akwai kwayoyin halittu guda uku wadanda ba sa saurin cutar Alzheimer da wuri:

• Amyloid precursor protein (APP): An gano wannan sunadarin ne a shekarar 1987 kuma ana samun sa a kan kwayoyin chromosomes na 21. Yana bayar da umarni don yin furotin da ke cikin kwakwalwa, lakar kashin baya, da sauran kyallen takarda.
• Presenilin-1 (PS1): Masana kimiyya sun gano wannan kwayar halittar a shekara ta 1992. An samo ta ne a kan miji na 14 na chromosome. Bambancin PS1 sune sanadin cutar Alzheimer da aka gada.
• Presenilin-2 (PS2): Wannan shine maye gurbi na uku da aka gano yana haifar da cutar Alzheimer. An samo shi akan ma'auratan farko na chromosome kuma an gano shi a cikin 1993.

Hadarin kwayoyin halitta

Kwayoyin halittar nan guda uku sun banbanta da apolipoprotein E (APOE-e4). APOE-e4 ​​kwayar halitta ce wacce aka santa don haɓaka haɗarin Alzheimer kuma ya sa alamun bayyanar su bayyana a baya. Amma baya bada garantin cewa wani zai same shi.

Kuna iya gadon kwafi ɗaya ko biyu na APOE-e4 ​​kwayar halitta Kwafi biyu suna nuna haɗari mafi girma fiye da ɗaya. An kiyasta hakan APOE-e4 ​​yana cikin kusan kashi 20 zuwa 25 na al'amuran Alzheimer.

Kwayar cututtukan farkon cutar Alzheimer

Yawancin mutane suna fuskantar ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar lokaci. Kuskuren canza makullin, ɓoye sunan wani, ko mantawa da dalilin yin yawo cikin ɗaki 'yan misalai ne. Waɗannan ba tabbatattun alamomi bane na farkon Alzheimer, amma kuna so ku kula da waɗannan alamun da alamun idan kuna da haɗarin kwayar halitta.

Alamun farkon fara cutar Alzheimer iri daya suke da sauran siffofin Alzheimer. Alamomi da alamomin kulawa don kulawa sun haɗa da:

• wahalar bin girke-girke
• wahalar magana ko haɗiyewa
• Sau da yawa ɓatar da abubuwa ba tare da iya sake duba matakan gano su ba
• rashin iya daidaita asusun bincike (sama da kuskuren lissafi lokaci-lokaci)
• yin ɓacewa akan hanya zuwa sanannen wuri
• rasa sanin ranar, kwanan wata, lokaci, ko shekara
• yanayi da canjin hali
• matsala tare da zurfin fahimta ko matsalolin hangen nesa
• janyewa daga aiki da sauran yanayin zamantakewar

Idan kun kasance matasa fiye da 65 kuma kuna da irin waɗannan canje-canje, kuyi magana da likitanku.

Wace gwaji likitanku zai yi don tantance Alzheimer?

Babu wani gwajin da zai iya tabbatar da farkon cutar Alzheimer. Tuntuɓi ƙwararren likita idan kuna da tarihin iyali na farkon farawa Alzheimer.

Za su ɗauki cikakken tarihin likita, gudanar da cikakken gwajin likita da na jijiyoyin jiki, da yin nazarin alamunku. Wasu alamun bayyanar na iya zama kamar:

• damuwa
• damuwa
• amfani da barasa
• magani sakamako masu illa

Tsarin binciken zai iya haɗawa da hoton maganadisu (MRI) ko sikanin kwakwalwa (CT) na kwakwalwa. Hakanan za'a iya yin gwajin jini don kawar da wasu rikice-rikice.

Likitanku zai iya tantancewa idan kuna da saurin farawa na Alzheimer bayan sun yanke hukuncin wasu yanayi.

Gwajin gwajin kwayar halitta

Kuna iya tuntuɓar mai ba da shawara kan kwayar halitta idan kuna da ɗan uwa, mahaifa, ko kakanni waɗanda suka ci gaba da cutar Alzheimer kafin su kai shekara 65. Gwajin kwayoyin halitta yana dubawa ko kuna ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙaddara ko haɗarin da ke haifar da farkon Alzheimer.

Shawarwarin yin wannan gwajin na mutum ne. Wasu mutane suna zaɓar koyo ko suna da kwayar halitta don shiryawa sosai.

Samu magani da wuri

Kada ku jinkirta magana tare da likitanku idan kuna iya samun farkon cutar Alzheimer. Duk da cewa babu maganin cutar, gano shi a baya kan iya taimakawa tare da wasu magunguna da kuma sarrafa alamomin. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da:

• dopezil (Aricept)
• rivastigmine (Exelon)
• galantamine (Razadyne)
• memantine (Namenda)

Sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali wadanda zasu iya taimakawa tare da farkon Alzheimer sun hada da:

• kasancewa cikin motsa jiki
• ilimin hankali
• ganye da kari
• rage damuwa

Kasancewa da abokai da dangi don tallatawa yana da mahimmanci.

Rayuwa tare da farkon cutar Alzheimer

Lokacin da samari suka kai wani matakin da ke buƙatar ƙarin kulawa, wannan na iya haifar da tunanin cewa cutar ta ci gaba da sauri. Amma mutanen da suke da saurin farawa Alzheimer ba sa samun ci gaba cikin sauri ta hanyoyi. Yana ci gaba tsawon shekaru da yawa a cikin samari kamar yadda yake a cikin tsofaffi waɗanda suka girmi 65.

Amma yana da mahimmanci don shirya gaba bayan karɓar ganewar asali. Farkon farawa Alzheimer's na iya shafar tsare-tsaren kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe da na doka.

Misalan wasu matakai waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa sun haɗa da:

• neman ƙungiyar tallafi ga waɗanda ke da cutar Alzheimer
• jingina ga abokai da dangi don tallafi
• tattauna aikin ku, da inshorar inshorar nakasa, tare da mai aikin ku
• shiga inshorar lafiya don tabbatar da wasu magunguna da magunguna
• samun takaddun inshora na nakasa domin kafin alamun sun bayyana
• tsunduma cikin shirin kudi don gaba idan lafiyar mutum ta canza kwatsam

Kada ku ji tsoron neman taimako daga wasu yayin waɗannan matakan. Samun lamuran mutum cikin tsari na iya samar da kwanciyar hankali yayin da kake tafiyar da matakan ka na gaba.

Taimako ga waɗanda ke da cutar farko ta cutar Alzheimer

A halin yanzu babu magani don cutar Alzheimer. Amma akwai hanyoyi don kula da yanayin a likitance kuma ku rayu cikin rayuwa mai ƙoshin lafiya yadda ya kamata. Misalan hanyoyin da zaku iya zama da kyau tare da farkon cutar Alzheimer sun haɗa da:

• cin abinci mai kyau
• rage shan giya ko kawar da giya kwata-kwata
• shiga cikin dabarun shakatawa don rage damuwa
• isa ga kungiyoyi kamar Alungiyar Alzheimer don bayani game da ƙungiyoyin tallafi da yuwuwar nazarin bincike

Masu binciken suna kara sanin cutar a kowace rana.