Duk Game da Cutar Lantarki

Wadatacce

• Kwayar cututtukan lantarki
• Dalilin rikicewar wutan lantarki
• Ire-iren cututtukan lantarki
• Alli
• Chloride
• Magnesium
• Phosphate
• Potassium
• Sodium
• Binciken cututtukan lantarki
• Kula da rikicewar wutan lantarki
• Maganin jini (IV)
• Wasu magungunan IV
• Magungunan baka da kari
• Hemodialysis
• Abubuwan haɗari don rikicewar wutan lantarki
• Tsayar da rikicewar wutan lantarki

Fahimtar rikicewar wutan lantarki

Electrolytes abubuwa ne da mahaɗan da ke faruwa a hankali cikin jiki. Suna sarrafa mahimman ayyukan ilimin lissafi.

Misalan wutan lantarki sun hada da:

• alli
• chloride
• magnesium
• phosphate
• potassium
• sodium

Wadannan abubuwa suna nan a cikin jininka, ruwan jiki, da fitsarinka. An kuma cinye su da abinci, abubuwan sha, da kari.

Rashin wutar lantarki na faruwa ne yayin da matakan wutan lantarki a jikinka ya yi yawa ko ya yi ƙasa ƙwarai. Wutan lantarki suna buƙatar kiyayewa cikin daidaito don jikinka yayi aiki da kyau. In ba haka ba, ana iya shafar tsarin jiki mai mahimmanci.

Matsanancin rashin daidaiton wutan lantarki na iya haifar da matsaloli masu haɗari kamar suma, kamuwa, da kamawar zuciya.

Kwayar cututtukan lantarki

Formsananan siffofin rikicewar wutan lantarki bazai haifar da wata alamar bayyanar ba. Irin waɗannan rikice-rikice na iya zama ba a gano su ba har sai an gano su yayin gwajin jini na yau da kullun. Kwayar cutar yawanci tana fara bayyana ne da zarar cuta ta zama mafi tsanani.

Ba duk rashin daidaiton lantarki bane ke haifar da alamomin iri daya, amma dayawa suna da irin alamun.

Alamun gama gari na rikicewar wutan lantarki sun hada da:

• bugun zuciya mara tsari
• saurin bugun zuciya
• gajiya
• kasala
• girgizawa ko kamawa
• tashin zuciya
• amai
• gudawa ko maƙarƙashiya
• matsewar ciki
• Ciwan tsoka
• rauni na tsoka
• bacin rai
• rikicewa
• ciwon kai
• nutsuwa da dusashewa

Kira likitanku nan da nan idan kuna fuskantar ɗayan waɗannan alamun kuma kuyi tsammanin kuna da matsalar rashin wutar lantarki. Lalacewar wutar lantarki na iya zama barazanar rai idan ba a kula da shi ba.

Dalilin rikicewar wutan lantarki

Rikicin wutan lantarki galibi yakan haifar da asara na ruwan jiki ta hanyar yawan amai, gudawa, ko zufa. Hakanan suna iya haɓaka saboda asarar ruwa mai alaƙa da ƙonewa.

Wasu magunguna na iya haifar da rikicewar lantarki. A wasu lokuta, cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar, kamar su mai tsanani ko cutar koda, suna da laifi.

Hakikanin abin da ke haddasawa na iya bambanta dangane da takamaiman nau'in cutar lantarki.

Ire-iren cututtukan lantarki

An nuna ɗaukaka matakan lantarki tare da kari “hyper-.” Indicatedarancin matakan lantarki an nuna su da “hypo-”

Yanayin da rashin daidaiton matakin lantarki ya haifar sun hada da:

• calcium: hypercalcemia da hypocalcemia
• chloride: hauhawar jini da hypochloremia
• magnesium: hypermagnesemia da hypomagnesemia
• phosphate: rashin karfin jini ko hypophosphatemia
• potassium: hyperkalemia da hypokalemia
• sodium: cututtukan jini da hyponatremia

Alli

Calcium wani mahimmin ma'adinai ne wanda jikinka ke amfani dashi don daidaita karfin jini da kuma sarrafa ƙarancin tsoka. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don gina kasusuwa da hakora masu ƙarfi.

Hypercalcemia na faruwa ne yayin da alli ya yawaita a cikin jini. Wannan yawanci yakan haifar da:

• cutar koda
• cututtukan thyroid, ciki har da hyperparathyroidism
• cututtukan huhu, kamar tarin fuka ko sarcoidosis
• wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa, gami da cututtukan huhu da na mama
• yawan amfani da antacids da alli ko sinadarin bitamin D
• magunguna kamar lithium, theophylline, ko wasu kwayoyi na ruwa

Hypocalcemia na faruwa ne saboda rashin wadataccen alli a cikin hanyoyin jini. Dalilin na iya haɗawa da:

• gazawar koda
• hypoparathyroidism
• rashin bitamin D
• pancreatitis
• cutar kansar mafitsara
• malabsorption
• wasu magunguna, gami da cutar heparin, magungunan osteoporosis, da kuma cututtukan antiepileptic

Chloride

Chloride ya zama dole don kiyaye daidaiton ruwan ruwan jiki.

Hyperchloremia na faruwa ne idan chloride yayi yawa a jiki. Zai iya faruwa sakamakon:

• tsananin bushewar jiki
• gazawar koda
• dialysis

Hypochloremia yana tasowa lokacin da akwai ƙaramin chloride a jiki. Sau da yawa yakan haifar da matsalolin sodium ko potassium.

Sauran dalilai na iya haɗawa da:

• cystic fibrosis
• rikicewar abinci, irin su anorexia nervosa
• kunama ta harba
• m gazawar koda

Magnesium

Magnesium muhimmin ma'adinai ne wanda ke sarrafa yawancin ayyuka masu mahimmanci, kamar:

• raguwar tsoka
• bugun zuciya
• aikin jijiya

Hypermagnesemia yana nufin yawan magnesium. Wannan rikicewar ya fi shafar mutanen da ke fama da cutar Addison da kuma cutar koda ta ƙarshe.

Hypomagnesemia yana nufin samun ƙananan magnesium a jiki. Sanadin gama gari ya hada da:

• matsalar shan barasa
• rashin abinci mai gina jiki
• malabsorption
• gudawa na kullum
• yawan zufa
• rashin zuciya
• wasu magunguna, gami da wasu cututtukan diuretics da na rigakafi

Phosphate

Kodan, kasusuwa, da hanji suna aiki don daidaita matakan phosphate a jiki. Phosphate ya zama dole don ayyuka iri-iri da yawa kuma yana hulɗa tare da alli.

Hyphphosphatemia na iya faruwa saboda:

• ƙananan matakan calcium
• cutar koda mai tsanani
• tsananin wahalar numfashi
• underactive cututtukan parathyroid
• mummunan rauni na tsoka
• Ciwon ƙwayar cuta na tumo, rikitarwa na maganin ciwon daji
• yawan amfani da sinadarai masu dauke da sinadarin phosphate

Ana iya ganin ƙananan matakan phosphate, ko hypophosphatemia a cikin:

• m shan barasa
• mummunan konewa
• yunwa
• rashin bitamin D
• overactive parathyroid gland. '
• wasu magunguna, kamar su intravenous (IV) iron treatment, niacin (Niacor, Niaspan), da wasu antacids

Potassium

Potassium yana da mahimmanci musamman don daidaita aikin zuciya. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye jijiyoyi da tsokoki masu lafiya.

Hyperkalemia na iya bunkasa saboda yawan matakan potassium. Wannan yanayin na iya zama na mutuwa idan ba a gano shi ba kuma ba a kula da shi ba. Yawanci yana haifar dashi ta:

• tsananin bushewar jiki
• gazawar koda
• mai tsanani acidosis, ciki har da ciwon sukari ketoacidosis
• wasu magunguna, gami da wasu magungunan hawan jini da diuretics
• ƙarancin adrenal, wanda shine lokacin da matakan cortisol ɗinku suka yi ƙasa ƙwarai

Hypokalemia na faruwa lokacin da matakan potassium sun yi ƙasa sosai. Wannan yakan faru ne sakamakon:

• matsalar cin abinci
• tsananin amai ko gudawa
• rashin ruwa a jiki
• wasu magunguna, gami da laxatives, diuretics, da corticosteroids

Sodium

Sinadarin sodium ya zama tilas ga jiki ya kiyaye daidaiton ruwa kuma yana da mahimmanci ga aikin al'ada na al'ada. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen daidaita aikin jijiyoyi da ƙuntata tsoka.

Hypernatremia na faruwa ne lokacin da sinadarin sodium yayi yawa a cikin jini. Levelsananan matakan sodium na iya faruwa ta hanyar:

• rashin wadataccen ruwan sha
• tsananin bushewar jiki
• asarar ruwa mai yawa a jiki sakamakon doguwar amai, gudawa, zufa, ko rashin lafiyar numfashi
• wasu magunguna, gami da corticosteroids

Hyponatremia yana tasowa lokacin da akwai ƙaramin sodium. Abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙananan matakan sodium sun haɗa da:

• asarar ruwa mai yawa ta cikin fata daga zufa ko konewa
• amai ko gudawa
• rashin abinci mai gina jiki
• matsalar shan barasa
• overhydration
• thyroid, hypothalamic, ko rashin lafiya
• hanta, zuciya, ko gazawar koda
• wasu magunguna, gami da maganin diuretics da magungunan kwace
• ciwo na ɓoyewa mara dacewa na kwayar cutar antidiuretic (SIADH)

Binciken cututtukan lantarki

Gwajin jini mai sauki na iya auna matakan lantarki a jikinka. Gwajin jini wanda yake kallon aikin koda yana da mahimmanci kuma.

Likitanka na iya son yin gwajin jiki ko yin odar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da rashin lafiyar da ake zargi da wutan lantarki. Waɗannan ƙarin gwaje-gwajen za su bambanta dangane da yanayin abin da ake ciki.

Misali, hauhawar jini (yawan sinadarin sodium) na iya haifar da asarar lanƙwasa cikin fata saboda yawan bushewar jiki. Likitanku na iya yin gwajin tsunkule don sanin ko rashin ruwa a jiki yana shafar ku.

Hakanan zasu iya gwada abubuwan da kake gani, saboda duka matakan da suka karu da raguwa na wasu wutan lantarki na iya shafar abubuwan da suke yi.

Kayan lantarki (ECG ko EKG), binciken lantarki na zuciyarka, yana iya zama da amfani don bincika duk wani bugun zuciya mara kyau, rhythms, ko ECG ko EKG canje-canje waɗanda matsalolin lantarki suka kawo.

Kula da rikicewar wutan lantarki

Magani ya banbanta dangane da nau'in cutar rashin wutar lantarki da kuma yanayin da ke haifar da shi.

Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da wasu jiyya don dawo da daidaitattun ma'adanai a cikin jiki. Wadannan sun hada da:

Maganin jini (IV)

Ruwan jini (IV), yawanci sodium chloride, na iya taimakawa sake shayar jiki. Ana amfani da wannan maganin sosai a yanayin rashin ruwa sakamakon amai ko gudawa. Za'a iya ƙara abubuwan lantarki a cikin ruwa na IV don gyara rashin ƙarfi.

Wasu magungunan IV

Magungunan IV na iya taimaka wa jikinka dawo da daidaiton lantarki da sauri. Hakanan zasu iya kare ka daga mummunan sakamako yayin da ake bi da ku ta wata hanyar.

Magungunan da kuka karɓa zai dogara ne akan matsalar wutan lantarki da kuke dashi. Magungunan da za'a iya amfani dasu sun hada da calcium gluconate, magnesium chloride, da potassium chloride.

Magungunan baka da kari

Magungunan baka da kari ana amfani dasu sau da yawa don gyara rashin daidaitattun ma'adinai a jikin ku. Wannan ya fi zama ruwan dare idan an gano ku tare da cutar koda mai gudana.

Dogaro da matsalar wutan lantarki, zaka iya karɓar magunguna ko kari kamar:

• alli (gluconate, carbonate, citrate, ko lactate)
• sinadarin magnesium
• potassium chloride
• masu dauke da sinadarin phosphate, wadanda suka hada da hydrochloride hydrochloride (Renagel), lanthanum (Fosrenol), da magungunan da ke dauke da sinadarin calcium kamar carbonate

Zasu iya taimakawa maye gurbin tsayayyun wutan lantarki a kan gajere ko na dogon lokaci, ya danganta da asalin matsalar rashin lafiyar ka. Da zarar an gyara rashin daidaito, likitanku zai magance abin da ke haifar da hakan.

Kodayake ana iya siyan wasu kari a kan kanti, yawancin mutane da ke fama da matsalar wutan lantarki suna samun takardar sayan magani daga likitansu.

Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis wani nau'i ne na dialysis wanda ke amfani da inji don cire ƙazanta daga jinin ku.

Hanya ɗaya don samun jini ya gudana zuwa wannan ƙirar ta wucin gadi ita ce don likitanku ya yi aikin tiyata ta hanyar amfani da jijiyoyin jini, ko hanyar shiga, a cikin jijiyoyinku.

Wannan hanyar shiga zata bada damar jini mai yawa yawo ta jikin ku yayin jin magani. Wannan yana nufin za a iya tace jini kuma a tsarkake shi.

Ana iya amfani da Hemodialysis lokacin da cutar lantarki ta haifar da lalacewar koda ta kwatsam kuma sauran jiyya ba sa aiki. Hakanan likitanka zai iya yanke shawara kan maganin hemodialysis idan matsalar wutan lantarki ta zama mai barazanar rai.

Abubuwan haɗari don rikicewar wutan lantarki

Kowa na iya haifar da matsalar wutan lantarki. Wasu mutane suna cikin haɗarin haɗari saboda tarihin lafiyarsu. Yanayin da ke ƙara haɗarin ku ga matsalar rashin wutar lantarki sun haɗa da:

• matsalar shan barasa
• cirrhosis
• bugun zuciya
• cutar koda
• rikicewar abinci, irin su anorexia da bulimia
• rauni, kamar mummunan ƙonawa ko ƙasusuwa
• cututtukan thyroid
• cututtukan gland

Tsayar da rikicewar wutan lantarki

Bi wannan shawarar don taimakawa hana rikicewar wutan lantarki:

• zauna cikin ruwa idan kana fama da doguwar amai, gudawa, ko zufa
• ziyarci likitanka idan kuna fuskantar alamun yau da kullun na rashin lafiyar wutan lantarki

Idan matsalar wutan lantarki ya samo asali ne ta hanyar magunguna ko yanayin da ke ƙasa, likitanka zai daidaita maganin ku kuma yayi maganin abin. Wannan zai taimaka wajen hana daidaituwar lantarki a gaba.