Shizophrenia na yara: menene menene, cututtuka da magani

Wadatacce

• Alamomin halayyar yara
• Ire-iren schizophrenia
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Menene maganin

Schizophrenia cuta ce ta tabin hankali wacce ke tattare da gurɓataccen tunani da fahimta, wanda yawanci ana fassara shi zuwa ra'ayoyin ruɗi, ra'ayoyi, maganganu da halayen da aka canza. Tunda yawan tunani da ruɗi a yara yawanci basu da cikakkun bayanai kamar na manya, kamar ganin mutane, ya kamata mutum yayi ƙoƙari ya fahimci shin ainihin mafarki ne ko kuma wasa ne kawai.

Gabaɗaya, wannan cuta tana bayyana tsakanin shekara 10 zuwa 45, kasancewarta ƙanƙani sosai a yarinta. Kodayake akwai wasu rahotanni game da cutar a ƙasa da shekaru 5, waɗannan sharuɗɗan ba su da yawa, kuma alamun suna bayyana sosai yayin samartaka.

Schizophrenia yawanci yana farawa ne a matakin pre-psychotic, wanda mummunan alamun alamun cutar ke tasowa, kamar keɓe kan jama'a, halayyar tarzoma, lalacewar tsabtar mutum, ɓacin rai ko ɓata sha'awa a makaranta ko aiki, misali. Lokacin da cutar ta bayyana kafin shekara 12, tana da alaƙa sosai da matsalolin ɗabi'a kuma hangen nesa ya fi muni. Wannan saboda suna iya rasa ayyukan yau da kullun kuma suna haɓaka rikicewar motsin rai, wayewar hankali da canje-canje na yare.

Alamomin halayyar yara

Lokacin da cutar sankara ta faru kafin shekara 12, yaro ya fara nuna matsalolin halayya. Gabaɗaya, yana nuna juriya wajen daidaitawa zuwa ga jama'a, keɓe kanta, yana ɗaukar halaye na ban mamaki kuma, a wasu lokuta, jinkirta ci gaban neuropsychomotor shima ana bayyana shi. Baya ga gusar da hankali, akwai kuma rashi cikin hankali da kuma cikin koyo da rage abu.

Yayinda yaro ya girma kuma ya fara girma, wasu alamun alamomin cutar na iya bayyana, wadanda aka raba su zuwa mai kyau da mara kyau. Tabbatattun bayyanar cututtuka sune wadanda suke bayyane a bayyane a cikin saurin nakasassu na cututtukan kuma alamomi marasa kyau sune wadanda suka samo asali daga juyin halittar cutar schizophrenia kanta, daga sakamakon maganin antipsychotic da na biyu zuwa tabbatattun alamun cutar kansu.

Ire-iren schizophrenia

A cikin samfurin gargajiya, ana iya raba schizophrenia zuwa nau'ikan 5:

• Paranoid schizophrenia, inda tabbatattun alamu suka mamaye;
• Mara tsari, wanda sauye-sauye a cikin tunani ya yawaita;
• Catatonic, wanda ke cike da fifikon alamun cututtuka da canje-canje a cikin aiki;
• Ba tare da rarrabewa ba, inda ilimi da aikin aiki suka ragu kuma keɓancewar jama'a ya fi yawa;
• Ragowar, inda alamun rashin lafiya suka fi rinjaye, wanda, kamar yadda yake a cikin na baya, akwai alamar keɓancewar jama'a, da rashin nutsuwa mai tasiri da talauci na ilimi.

Koyaya, ilimin sikandiphrenia da aka bayyana a cikin DSM V baya sake yin la'akari da nau'ikan sikizophrenia guda biyar, saboda ana ɗaukar ƙananan nau'ikan haɗi. Sabili da haka, nau'ikan da aka ambata a sama ba su da ruwa, kuma mutum na iya, a wani lokaci a yayin cutar, gabatar da hoto na asibiti wanda ya dace da wani nau'in schizophrenia ko alamun bayyanar wani nau'in.

Koyi, dalla-dalla, yadda za'a gano nau'ikan cutar sikizophrenia.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Ganewar cutar schizophrenia ba abu ne mai sauƙin ganewa ba, kuma a cikin yara zai iya zama da wahalar bambanta shi da sauran yanayi, musamman rashin lafiyar cutar bipolar, kuma ya zama dole a sake nazarin alamun a cikin lokaci.

Menene maganin

Schizophrenia ba shi da magani kuma ana yin magani yawanci da nufin rage alamun, da kuma sake dawowa. Ana ba da izinin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa gabaɗaya, duk da haka, akwai ƙananan nazarin waɗannan kwayoyi a yarinta.

Haloperidol magani ne da aka yi amfani da shi tsawon shekaru, kuma ya kasance kyakkyawan zaɓi don maganin psychosis a cikin yara. Bugu da kari, an yi amfani da risperidone da olanzapine wajen kula da halayyar yara, tare da kyakkyawan sakamako.