Gwajin Jinin Bala'i (FOBT)

Wadatacce

• Menene gwajin jinin ɓoyayyiyar hanji?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin jini na ɓoye?
• Menene ya faru yayin gwajin jini na ɓoye?
• Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da gwajin ɓoyayyen jinin ɓaure?
• Bayani

Menene gwajin jinin ɓoyayyiyar hanji?

Gwajin jinin sihiri (FOBT) yana duban samfurin kumatunku (feces) don bincika jini. Jinin sihiri yana nufin cewa baza ku iya gani da ido ba. Jini a cikin kujerun na nufin akwai yiwuwar samun wani irin jini a yankin narkewa. Zai iya haifar da shi ta yanayi daban-daban, gami da:

• Polyps
• Basur
• Diverticulosis
• Ulcers
• Colitis, wani nau'i ne na cututtukan hanji

Jini a cikin kujerun na iya zama wata alama ta kansar kansa, wani nau'in cutar kansa da ke farawa a cikin hanji ko dubura. Cutar sankarau ita ce hanya ta biyu da ke haifar da mutuwar masu alaƙa da cutar kansa a cikin Amurka kuma ita ce ta uku mafi yawan sankara ga maza da mata. Gwajin jini na ɓoyayyiya shine gwajin nunawa wanda zai iya taimakawa gano farkon cutar kansa da wuri, lokacin da magani yafi tasiri.

Sauran sunaye: FOBT, jinin ɓoye, gwajin ɓoyayyen ɓoye, gwajin Hemoccult, gwajin ɓoye guaiac, gFOBT, FOBT na rigakafi, iFOBT; FIT

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana amfani da gwajin jinin ɓoyayyiyar azama azaman gwajin gwajin farko don ciwan kansa. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi don bincika wasu yanayin da ke haifar da zub da jini a cikin hanyar narkewa.

Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin jini na ɓoye?

Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa ta ba da shawarar cewa mutane su riƙa yin gwaji akai-akai don cutar sankarau daga shekara 50. Bincike na iya zama gwajin ɓoyayyiyar fage ko kuma wani nau'in gwajin. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen na iya haɗawa da:

• Gwajin DNA. Don wannan gwajin, zaku iya amfani da kayan gwajin gida don ɗaukar samfurin kujerun ku kuma mayar da shi zuwa lab. Za a bincika shi don jini da canjin halittar da wataƙila alamun kansar ne. Idan gwajin ya tabbata, zaka buƙaci colonoscopy.
• A colonoscopy. Wannan ƙaramar hanyar tiyata ce. Da farko za a ba ku ɗan ƙaramin magani na kwantar da hankali don taimaka muku shakatawa. Sannan mai ba da kiwon lafiya zai yi amfani da siraran sirara don duba cikin ciki

Akwai fa'ida da rashin amfani ga kowane nau'in gwaji. Yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya game da wane gwajin da ya dace da kai.

Idan mai ba da sabis ɗinku ya ba da shawarar gwajin jinin ɓoyayyiyar ɓoye, kuna buƙatar samun shi kowace shekara. Yakamata a dauki gwajin DNA na zina duk bayan shekaru 3, sannan a rinka yin binciken bayan gida duk bayan shekaru goma.

Kuna iya buƙatar nunawa sau da yawa idan kuna da wasu abubuwan haɗari. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Tarihin iyali na ciwon kansa kai tsaye
• Shan sigari
• Kiba
• Yawan shan giya

Menene ya faru yayin gwajin jini na ɓoye?

Gwajin jinin ɓoyayyiyar hanji gwaji ne mara yaduwa wanda zaku iya aiwatarwa a gida a lokacin da ya dace. Mai ba ka kiwon lafiya zai ba ka kayan aiki wanda ya hada da umarni kan yadda za a yi gwajin. Akwai nau'ikan manyan gwaje-gwajen jini guda biyu na hanji: hanyar guiac smear (gFOBT) da hanyar rigakafi (iFOBT ko FIT). Da ke ƙasa akwai umarnin al'ada don kowane gwaji. Umarninku na iya bambanta kadan gwargwadon wanda ya ƙera kayan gwajin.

Don gwajin ɓoye na guaiac (gFOBT), ƙila za ku buƙaci:

• Tattara samfurai daga hanji uku daban.
• Ga kowane samfurin, tattara kujerun kuma adana a cikin akwati mai tsabta. Tabbatar samfurin bazai haɗu da fitsari ko ruwa daga bayan gida ba.
• Yi amfani da mai nema daga kayan gwajin ka don shafawa wasu daga cikin kujerun a jikin gwajin ko silaid, shima an saka shi a cikin kayan ka.
• Yi alama da hatimi duk samfuranku kamar yadda aka umurce ku.
• Aika samfuran zuwa ga likitocin kiwon lafiya ko dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Don gwajin gwaji na rigakafi (FIT), ƙila za ku buƙaci:

• Tattara samfurai daga hanji biyu ko uku.
• Tattara samfurin daga banɗaki ta amfani da burushi na musamman ko wata na'urar da aka haɗa cikin kayan aikinku.
• Ga kowane samfurin, yi amfani da burushi ko na'urar don ɗaukar samfurin daga saman kujerun.
• Goge samfurin akan katin gwaji.
• Yi alama da hatimi duk samfuranku kamar yadda aka umurce ku.
• Aika samfuran zuwa ga likitocin kiwon lafiya ko dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Tabbatar da bin duk umarnin da aka bayar a cikin kayan ku, kuma kuyi magana da mai ba ku kiwon lafiya idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi.

Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?

Wasu abinci da ƙwayoyi na iya shafar sakamakon gwajin hanyar guaiac smear (gFOBT). Mai kula da lafiyar ka na iya tambayar ka guji masu zuwa:

• Onstan kwalliya, magungunan kashe kumburi (NSAIDs) kamar su ibuprofen, naproxen, ko asfirin kwana bakwai kafin gwajin ka. Idan ka sha aspirin don matsalolin zuciya, yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya kafin tsayar da maganarka. Acetaminophen na iya zama mai aminci don amfani a wannan lokacin, amma bincika likitan lafiyar ku kafin ɗaukar shi.
• Fiye da MG 250 na bitamin C kowace rana daga kari, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, ko' ya'yan itace na kwana bakwai kafin gwajin ku. Vitamin C na iya shafar sunadarai a cikin gwajin kuma ya haifar da mummunan sakamako koda kuwa akwai jini a ciki.
• Jan nama, kamar naman shanu, rago, da naman alade, har tsawon kwanaki uku kafin gwajin. Hanyoyin jini a cikin waɗannan naman na iya haifar da sakamako mara kyau.

Babu wasu shirye-shirye na musamman ko ƙuntatawa na abinci don gwajin rigakafin ƙwayar cuta (FIT).

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?

Babu sanannen haɗarin yin gwajin jini na ɓoyayyiyar hanzari.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Idan sakamakonku yana da kyau ga kowane nau'in gwajin jinin ɓoyayyiyar ɓoye, yana nufin wataƙila kuna zubar da jini a wani wuri a cikin yankin narkar da abinci. Amma ba lallai bane ya nuna cewa kana da cutar kansa. Sauran sharuɗɗan da zasu iya haifar da sakamako mai kyau akan gwajin ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen fata sun haɗa da ulcers, basur, polyps, da ciwan mara. Idan sakamakon gwajin ku tabbatacce ne ga jini, mai yiwuwa likitocin ku zasu bada shawarar a kara yin gwaji, kamar su colonoscopy, don gano ainihin wurin da kuma dalilin zubda jinin ku. Idan kuna da tambayoyi game da sakamakonku, yi magana da mai ba ku kiwon lafiya.

Learnara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, jeri na tunani, da fahimtar sakamako.

Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da gwajin ɓoyayyen jinin ɓaure?

Binciken kansa na yau da kullun, kamar gwajin jinin ɓoye, kayan aiki ne masu mahimmanci wajen yaƙi da cutar kansa. Nazarin ya nuna cewa gwajin gwajin na iya taimakawa gano cutar kansa da wuri, kuma na iya rage mace-macen cutar.

Bayani

1. Canungiyar Ciwon Cancer ta Amurka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Cibiyar Cancer ta Amurka Inc ;; c2017. Shawarwarin Canungiyar Canungiyar Ciwon Cancer ta Amurka don Gano Cutar Cancer Na Farko; [sabunta 2016 Jun 24; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18;]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/acs-recommendations.html
2. Canungiyar Ciwon Cancer ta Amurka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Cibiyar Cancer ta Amurka Inc ;; c2017. Gwajin gwaji na Cancer na Cancer; [sabunta 2016 Jun 24; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da fuska 8]. Akwai daga:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/screening-tests-used.html
3. Canungiyar Ciwon Cancer ta Amurka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Cibiyar Cancer ta Amurka Inc ;; c2017. Mahimmancin Bincike na Cancer na Launi; [sabunta 2016 Jun 24; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da fuska 5]. Akwai daga:https://www.cancer.org/cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/early-detection/importance-of-crc-screening.html
4. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Bayani na Asali Game da Cancer na Yanayi; [sabunta 2016 Apr 25; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/basic_info/index.htm
5. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Rectididdigar cerwayar Cancer na Colorectal; [sabunta 2016 Jun 20; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga:https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/colorectal/statistics/index.htm
6. Kawancen Cancer na Cancer [Intanet]. Washington DC: Kawancen Cancer na Cancer; Ciwon bayan gida; [aka ambata 2019 Afrilu 1]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.ccalliance.org/screening-prevention/screening-methods/colonoscopy
7. Kawancen Cancer na Cancer [Intanet]. Washington DC: Kawancen Cancer na Cancer; DNA; [aka ambata 2019 Afrilu 1]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.ccalliance.org/screening-prevention/screening-methods/stool-dna
8. FDA: Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka [Intanet]. Silver Spring (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Sabis na Dan Adam; Canrectrectal Cancer: Abin da Ya Kamata Ku sani; [sabunta 2017 Mar 16; da aka ambata 2019 Apr 1]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm443595.htm 
9. Hinkle J, Cheever K. Brunner & Suddarth's Littafin Jagora na Laboratory da Gwajin Bincike. 2^nd Ed, Kindle. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Kiwon Lafiya, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; c2014. Gwajin Jinin Fata (FOBT); shafi na. 292.
10. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001–2017. Gwajin Jinin Fata da Gwajin Immunochemical: A kallo daya; [sabunta 2015 Oct 30; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/glance/
11. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001–2017. Gwajin Jiki na Balaguro da Gwajin Immunochemical na Fecal: Gwajin; [sabunta 2015 Oct 30; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/test/
12. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001–2017. Gwajin Jinin Fata da Gwajin Immunochemical: Samfurin Gwaji; [sabunta 2015 Oct 30; da aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga:https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/fecal-occult-blood/tab/sample/
13. Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa [Intanet]. Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Cancer na Colorectal: Sashin Hakuri; [aka ambata 2017 Feb 18]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga:https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal

Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.