Menene galactorrhea, manyan dalilai da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban Sanadin
• Alamun gama gari
• Yadda ake bincike
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Galactorrhea shine ɓoye mara kyau na wani ruwa mai ɗauke da madara daga nono, wanda yake bayyana ga maza ko mata waɗanda ba su da ciki ko shayarwa. Yawancin lokaci alama ce da ke haifar da karuwar prolactin, wani sinadarin hormone da ake samarwa a cikin kwakwalwa wanda aikin sa shine haifar da madara ta nono, yanayin da ake kira hyperprolactinemia.

Babban abin da ke haifar da karuwar prolactin su ne ciki da shayarwa, kuma akwai dalilai da dama da ke haifar da karuwar da ba ta dace ba, gami da ciwan kwakwalwa, amfani da magunguna, kamar wasu cututtukan neuroleptics da antidepressants, zuga nono ko wasu cututtukan endocrin, kamar hypothyroidism da polycystic ovary ciwo.

Don haka, don magance hyperprolactinemia da galactorrhea, ya zama dole a warware dalilinsa, ko dai ta hanyar cire wani magani ko kuma magance wata cuta da ke haifar da samar da madara ta nono.

Babban Sanadin

Babban dalilan samar da madara ta nono sune ciki da shayarwa, amma, galactorrhea yana faruwa, galibi saboda yanayi kamar:

• Penitary adenoma: shine mummunan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke da alhakin samar da ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa, gami da prolactin. Babban nau'in shine prolactinoma, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da ƙaruwar matakan prolactin na jini wanda ya fi 200mcg / L;
• Sauran canje-canje a cikin gland: ciwon daji, mafitsara, kumburi, sakawa a iska ko shanyewar kwakwalwa, misali;
• Tsantsar nono ko bangon kirji: babban misalin motsawa shine tsotsan nono da jariri, wanda ke kunna gland mammary da kuma kara samar da prolactin na kwakwalwa kuma, sakamakon haka, samar da madara;
• Cututtukan da ke haifar da rikicewar haɗari: wasu daga cikin manyan sune hypothyroidism, cirrhosis na hanta, ciwan koda koda yaushe, cutar Addison da cututtukan ovary polycystic;
• Ciwon nono: na iya haifar da galactorrhea a cikin nono guda, yawanci tare da jini;
• Amfani da magunguna: 
  • Antipsychotics, kamar Risperidone, Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol ko Metoclopramide;
  • Opiates, kamar su Morphine, Tramadol ko Codeine;
  • Masu rage acid na ciki, kamar Ranitidine ko Cimetidine;
  • Magungunan kwantar da hankali, irin su Amitriptyline, Amoxapine ko Fluoxetine;
  • Wasu magungunan rage hawan jini, kamar su Verapamil, Reserpina da Metildopa;
  • Amfani da hormones, kamar estrogens, anti-androgens ko HRT.

Barci da damuwa wasu yanayi ne da ke haifar da ƙaruwa cikin haɓakar prolactin, amma, da wuya su haifar da isassun canje-canje don haifar da galactorrhea.

Alamun gama gari

Galactorrhea shine babban alama na hyperprolactinemia, ko wuce haddi na prolactin a jiki, kuma yana iya zama mai haske, mai shayarwa ko mai launi na jini, kuma ya bayyana a cikin nono ɗaya ko duka biyun.

Koyaya, wasu alamu da alamomi na iya bayyana, tunda ƙaruwar wannan homon ɗin na iya haifar da canje-canje a cikin homonin jima'i, kamar rage estrogen da testosterone, ko kuma, idan akwai ƙari a cikin gland. Babban alamun sune:

• Amenorrhea, wanda shine katsewar shigar ɗabi'a da haila ga mata;
• Rashin ƙarfin jima'i da lalatawar namiji a cikin maza;
• Rashin haihuwa da rage sha'awar jima'i;
• Osteoporosis;
• Ciwon kai;
• Canje-canje na gani, kamar turbidity da hangen nesa na ɗigon haske.

Canjin yanayi ma na iya zama sanadin rashin haihuwa daga bangaren maza ko mata.

Yadda ake bincike

Ana lura da Galactorrhea akan gwajin asibiti, wanda zai iya zama kwatsam ko bayyana bayan bayyanar kan nono. An tabbatar da Galactorrhea a duk lokacin da sirrin madara ya bayyana ga maza, ko kuma lokacin da ya bayyana ga matan da ba su da ciki ko shayarwa a cikin watanni 6 da suka gabata.

Don gano dalilin galactorrhea, likita zai tantance tarihin magunguna da sauran alamun da mutum zai iya fuskanta. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya yin wasu gwaje-gwaje don bincika musababin galactorrhea, kamar auna prolactin a cikin jini, auna ƙimar TSH da T4, don bincika aikin aikin glandon, kuma, idan ya cancanta, ƙwaƙwalwar MRI don bincika kasancewar ciwace-ciwacen ko wasu canje-canje a cikin gland.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin galactorrhea yana jagorantar masanin endocrinologist, kuma ya bambanta gwargwadon dalilan cutar. Lokacin da yake illa ne daga magani, yakamata kayi magana da likita don kimanta yiwuwar dakatarwa ko maye gurbin wannan magani da wani.

Lokacin da cuta ta haifar da shi, yana da mahimmanci a kula da shi da kyau, don daidaita rikicewar haɗarin hormonal, kamar, misali, maye gurbin hormones na thyroid a cikin hypothyroidism, ko amfani da corticosteroids don pituitary granulomas. Ko, lokacin da galactorrhea ya haifar da ƙari, likita na iya ba da shawarar magani tare da cirewar tiyata ko hanyoyin kamar rediyo.

Bugu da kari, akwai magungunan da za su iya rage samar da prolactin da sarrafa galactorrhea, yayin da ake yin cikakken magani, kamar su Cabergoline da Bromocriptine, wadanda kwayoyi ne a cikin rukunin masu tayar da jijiyoyin dopaminergic.