Gram Stain

Wadatacce

• Menene tabon gram?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake buƙatar tabo na gram?
• Menene ya faru yayin tabo na gram?
• Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da nake buƙatar sani game da tabo na Gram?
• Bayani

Menene tabon gram?

Tabon gram wani gwaji ne da ake bincika kwayoyin cuta a wurin da ake zaton kamuwa da cuta ko kuma a wasu ruwaye na jiki, kamar jini ko fitsari. Waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon sun haɗa da maƙogwaro, huhu, da al'aura, da kuma raunin fata.

Akwai manyan rukuni biyu na cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta: Gram-tabbatacce da Gram-korau. Ana gano nau'ikan ne dangane da yadda kwayoyin cutar ke yin tasiri ga tabon gram. A tabo na Gram launi ne mai launi shunayya. Lokacin da tabon ya haɗu da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samfurin, ƙwayoyin cutar za su ci gaba da zama shunayya ko su zama ruwan hoda ko ja. Idan kwayoyin cutar sun kasance masu shunayya, to suna da kyau sosai. Idan kwayoyin sun zama ruwan hoda ko ja, to basu da Gram-negative. Categoriesungiyoyin biyu suna haifar da nau'ikan cututtuka:

• Cutar da ke dauke da kwayar gram sun hada da staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) na methicillin, cututtukan strep, da kuma girgiza mai guba.
• Cututtukan Gram marasa kyau sun haɗa da salmonella, ciwon huhu, cututtukan yoyon fitsari, da gonorrhea.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da tabon gram don bincika cututtukan fungal.

Sauran sunaye: tabon gram

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana amfani da tabon gram mafi yawa don gano ko kuna da ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan kayi haka, gwajin zai nuna idan cutar ka Gram-tabbatacce ne ko kuma Gram-negative.

Me yasa nake buƙatar tabo na gram?

Kuna iya buƙatar wannan gwajin idan kuna da alamun kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta. Jin zafi, zazzabi, da gajiya sune alamomin gama gari na cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Sauran cututtukan za su dogara ne da nau'in kamuwa da cutar da kuma inda yake a jiki.

Menene ya faru yayin tabo na gram?

Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai buƙaci ɗaukar samfurin daga wurin da ake zaton kamuwa da cuta ko daga wasu ruwan ruwan jiki, gwargwadon nau'in kamuwa da cutar da kuke da ita. Mafi yawan nau'ikan gwajin tabo na Gram an jera su a ƙasa.

Raunin samfurin:

• Mai ba da sabis zai yi amfani da swab na musamman don tattara samfurin daga wurin raunin ku.

Gwajin jini:

• Mai ba da sabis zai ɗauki samfurin jini daga jijiyoyin hannunka.

Fitsarin gwaji:

• Za ku samar da samfurin fitsari bakararre a cikin kofi, kamar yadda mai kula da lafiyarku ya umurce ku.

Al'adun makogwaro:

• Mai ba da kula da lafiyarku zai saka swab na musamman a cikin bakinku don ɗaukar samfuri daga bayan makogwaro da tonsils.

Al'adar Turawa Sputum wani ƙura ne mai kauri wanda yake tari daga huhu. Ya bambanta da tofawa ko yawu.

• Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai neme ku da ku tari tari a cikin kofi na musamman, ko kuma za a iya amfani da aaura ta musamman don ɗaukar samfuri daga hancinku.

Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?

Ba kwa buƙatar kowane shiri na musamman don tabo na Gram.

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?

Babu haɗarin yin swab, sputum, ko gwajin fitsari.

Akwai haɗari kaɗan don yin gwajin jini. Kuna iya samun ɗan ciwo ko rauni a wurin da aka sanya allurar, amma yawancin alamun suna tafi da sauri.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Za a sanya samfurinka a kan zamewa kuma a bi da shi tare da tabo na Gram. Kwararren dakin gwaje-gwaje zai bincika zamewar a karkashin madubin hangen nesa. Idan ba a sami ƙwayoyin cuta ba, yana nufin wataƙila ba ku da ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta ko kuma babu wadatattun ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samfurin.

Idan an samo kwayoyin cuta, yana da wasu halaye na iya samar da mahimman bayanai game da kamuwa da ku:

• Idan kwayoyin cuta masu launin purple ne, wannan yana nufin wataƙila kuna da kwayar cutar Gram-tabbatacce.
• Idan kwayoyin canza launin ruwan hoda ne ko ja, to yana nufin watakila kuna da cutar Gram-negative.

Sakamakonku kuma zai haɗa da bayani game da siffar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samfurinku. Mafi yawan kwayoyin cuta suna zagaye ne (wanda aka sani da suna cocci) ko kuma masu kamannin sanda (wanda aka fi sani da bacilli) Siffar na iya samar da ƙarin bayani game da nau'in kamuwa da cutar da kake da ita.

Kodayake sakamakonku bazai iya gano ainihin nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samfurinku ba, zasu iya taimaka ma mai ba ku damar kusantar gano abin da ke haifar da rashin lafiyar ku da kuma yadda za ku iya magance ta. Kuna iya buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, kamar al'adun ƙwayoyin cuta, don tabbatar da wane nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta ne.

Sakamakon tabo na gram na iya nuna ko kuna da cutar fungal. Sakamakon na iya nuna wane nau'in cutar fungal da kake da shi: yisti ko moɗa. Amma kuna iya buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don gano wane takamaiman cutar fungal da kuke da shi.

Idan kuna da tambayoyi game da sakamakonku, yi magana da mai ba ku kiwon lafiya.

Learnara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, jeri na tunani, da fahimtar sakamako.

Shin akwai wani abin da nake buƙatar sani game da tabo na Gram?

Idan an gano ku tare da kwayar cuta ta cuta, tabbas za a rubuta muku maganin rigakafi. Yana da mahimmanci ka sha maganin ka kamar yadda aka tsara, koda kuwa alamun ka masu sauki ne. Wannan na iya hana kamuwa da cutarku daga yin muni da haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani.

Bayani

1. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001-2020. Al'adar Raunin Bacterial; [sabunta 2020 Feb 19; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/bacterial-wound-culture
2. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001-2020. Gram Stain; [sabunta 2019 Dec 4; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/gram-stain
3. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001-2020. Al'adar Maraice, Kwayoyin cuta; [sabunta 2020 Jan 14; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/sputum-culture-bacterial
4. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001-2020. Strep Makogwaro Gwaji; [sabunta 2020 Jan 14; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/strep-throat-test
5. Gwaje-gwajen Lab a kan layi [Intanet]. Washington DC: Associationungiyar (asar Amirka don Nazarin Kimiyyar Clinical; c2001-2020. Al'adar Fitsari; [sabunta 2020 Jan 31; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/urine-culture
6. Shafin Kasuwancin Merck Manual [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Kamfanin Merck & Co., Inc.; c2020. Ganewar asali na Cututtukan Cutar; [sabunta 2018 Aug; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/diagnosis-of-infectious-disease/diagnosis-of-infectious-disease
7. Shafin Kasuwancin Merck Manual [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Kamfanin Merck & Co., Inc.; c2020. Bayani game da Kwayar Cutar Gram-Negative; [sabunta 2020 Feb; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial-infections-gram-negative-bacteria/overview-of-gram-negative-bacteria
8. Shafin Kasuwancin Merck Manual [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Kamfanin Merck & Co., Inc.; c2020. Bayani game da Kwayar Kwayar-kwaya-kwaya-kwaya; [sabunta 2019 Jun; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial-infections-gram-positive-bacteria/overview-of-gram-positive-bacteria
9. Abubuwan Ilimin Ilimi na Rayuwa na Microbial [Intanet]. Cibiyar Ilimin Ilimin Kimiyya; Cikakken gram; [sabunta 2016 Nuwamba 3; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/research_methods/microscopy/gramstain.html
10. Zuciyar Kasa, Huhu, da Cibiyar Jini [Intanet]. Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Gwajin jini; [wanda aka ambata a cikin 2020 Apr 6]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
11. O'Toole GA. Haske Haske na gargajiya: Yadda Sram Sram yake Aiki. J Bacteriol [Intanet]. 2016 Dec 1 [wanda aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; 198 (23): 3128. Akwai daga: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5105892
12. Kiwan lafiya na UF: Kiwon Lafiya na Jami'ar Florida [Intanet]. Gainesville (FL): Jami'ar Florida Lafiya; c2020. Gram tabo: bayyani; [sabunta 2020 Apr 6; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://ufhealth.org/gram-stain
13. Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center [Intanet]. Rochester (NY): Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center; c2020. Lafiya Encyclopedia: Gram Stain; [aka ambata a cikin 2020 Apr 6]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=gram_stain
14. Lafiya sosai [Intanet]. New York: Game da, Inc; c2020. Bayani kan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta; [sabunta 2020 Feb 26; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-a-bacterial-infection-770565
15. Lafiya sosai [Intanet]. New York: Game da, Inc; c2020. Tsarin Gram Stain a cikin Bincike da Labs; [sabunta 2020 Jan 12; da aka ambata 2020 Apr 6]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.verywellhealth.com/information-about-gram-stain-1958832

Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.