Heparin: menene menene, menene don, yadda ake amfani dashi da kuma sakamako masu illa

Wadatacce

• Menene don
• Menene dangantakar tsakanin amfani da heparin da COVID-19?
• Yadda ake amfani da shi
• Matsalar da ka iya haifar
• Wanda bai kamata yayi amfani da shi ba

Heparin magani ne na maganin hana allura, wanda aka nuna don rage karfin daskarewar jini da kuma taimakawa a jiyya da kuma rigakafin samuwar daskarewa wanda zai iya toshe hanyoyin jini da haifar da yaduwar jijiyoyin jini, zurfin jijiyoyin jini ko bugun jini, misali.

Akwai nau'ikan heparin iri biyu, ba a raba heparin wanda za a iya amfani da shi kai tsaye a cikin jijiya ko kuma a matsayin allurar ta karkashin jiki, kuma likita ko likita ne ke kula da ita, kasancewar kawai don amfanin asibiti, da kuma heparin mai nauyin kwayar halitta, kamar enoxaparin ko dalteparin, don misali, yana da tsawon lokacin aiki da ƙananan sakamako masu illa fiye da heparin da ba a raba shi ba kuma ana iya amfani dashi a gida.

Wadannan heparins ya kamata koyaushe likita ya nuna su kamar likitan zuciya, likitan jini ko babban likita, misali, kuma ya kamata a ci gaba da sa ido a kai a kai don kimanta tasirin maganin ko bayyanar illolin.

Menene don

Heparin yana nuna don rigakafi da magani na daskarewa da suka danganci wasu yanayi, waɗanda suka haɗa da:

• Zurfin jijiyoyin jini;
• Yada kwayar cutar intravascular;
• Ciwon mara na huhu;
• Yarda da jijiyoyin jini;
• Infarction;
• Atrial fibrillation;
• Cardiac catheterization;
• Hemodialysis;
• Magungunan zuciya ko na asibiti;
• Karin jini;
• Extracorporeal jini wurare dabam dabam.

Bugu da kari, ana iya amfani da heparin don hana samuwar daskarewa a cikin mutane masu kwanciya, tunda ba sa motsi, suna cikin hatsarin kamuwa da ciwan jini da tumburas.

Menene dangantakar tsakanin amfani da heparin da COVID-19?

Heparin, kodayake ba ta ba da gudummawa don kawar da sabon coronavirus daga jiki, an yi amfani da shi, a cikin matsakaici ko mai tsanani, don hana rikice-rikicen thromboembolic da za su iya tashi tare da cutar COVID-19 kamar yaduwar intravascular coagulation, embolism embolism ko zurfin jijiyoyin jini .

Dangane da binciken da aka yi a Italiya ^[1]. gwargwadon yadda ya kamata ya dogara da haɗarin mutum na cutar ciwon zuciya da kuma ciwon jiki.

Wani nazarin cikin vitro ya nuna cewa heparin mai nauyin nauyi yana da kwayar cutar kanjamau da kariya daga kwayar cutar, amma babu wata shaida a cikin rayuwa yana samuwa kuma ana buƙatar gwaji na asibiti a cikin mutane don tabbatar da ingancin sa a cikin rayuwa, kazalika da maganin warkewa da amincin magani ^[2].

Bugu da ƙari, theungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya, a cikin COVID-19 Jagora don Gudanar da Clinical ^[3], yana nuna amfani da heparin mai nauyin nauyi, kamar enoxaparin, don maganin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin manya da samari marasa lafiya da aka kwantar da COVID-19, bisa ga ƙa'idodin gida da na duniya, sai dai lokacin da mai haƙuri ke da wata takaddama don amfanin ku.

Yadda ake amfani da shi

Heparin ya kamata a gudanar da shi ta hanyar kwararrun masu kiwon lafiya, ko dai subcutane (a karkashin fata) ko kuma ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini (a cikin jijiyoyin) kuma ya kamata a nuna allurai ta hanyar yin la’akari da nauyin mutum da kuma tsananin cutar.

Gabaɗaya, allurai da aka yi amfani da su a asibitoci sune:

• Ci gaba da allura a cikin jijiya: kashi na farko na raka'a 5000, wanda zai iya kaiwa 20,000 zuwa 40,000 wanda aka yi amfani da shi sama da awanni 24, gwargwadon kimantawar likita;
• Allura a cikin jijiya kowane 4 zuwa 6 hours: farawa farawa shine raka'a 10,000 sannan kuma zai iya bambanta daga 5,000 zuwa 10,000 raka'a;
• Subcutaneous allura: kashi na farko shi ne raka'a 333 a kowace kilogiram na nauyin jiki, sannan ana bi da raka'a 250 a kilogiram a kowace awa 12.

Yayin amfani da heparin, dole ne likita ya sa ido kan daskarewar jini ta hanyar gwajin jini da kuma daidaita matakin heparin gwargwadon tasirinsa ko bayyanar tasirinsa.

Matsalar da ka iya haifar

Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da suka fi dacewa wanda zai iya faruwa yayin jiyya tare da heparin sune zub da jini ko zubar jini, tare da kasancewar jini a cikin fitsari, kujerun duhu tare da bayyanar filayen kofi, rauni, ciwon kirji, gwaiwa ko ƙafafu, musamman ma a maraƙin, wahala numfashi ko zubar da gumis.

Yayinda ake yin amfani da heparin a asibitoci kuma likita na lura da daskarewar jini da tasirin heparin, idan duk wani sakamako na illa ya bayyana, magani na nan da nan.

Wanda bai kamata yayi amfani da shi ba

Heparin an hana shi cikin mutanen da ke da karfin gwiwa ga heparin da kayan hada abubuwa kuma bai kamata mutane masu cutar thrombocytopenia, cututtukan endocarditis, wadanda ake zargi da zub da jini na kwakwalwa ko wani irin jini, haemophilia, retinopathy ko kuma a cikin yanayin da babu yanayin aiwatar da isassun gwaje-gwajen coagulation.

Bugu da kari, kada a yi amfani da shi a cikin diastases na jini, aikin tiyatar kashin baya, a cikin yanayin da zubar da ciki ya kusanto, cututtukan hanji mai tsanani, a cikin hanta mai tsanani da gazawar koda, a gaban ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa na tsarin narkewar abinci da wasu jijiyoyin jini. .

Kada mata masu ciki ko masu shayarwa suyi amfani da Heparin ba tare da shawarar likita ba.