Mawallafi: John Stephens
Ranar Halitta: 21 Janairu 2021
Sabuntawa: 22 Nuwamba 2024
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MAGANIN CUTAR KUTURTA #Bisabilillahi
Video: MAGANIN CUTAR KUTURTA #Bisabilillahi

Wadatacce

Menene kuturta?

Kuturta cuta ce ta ci gaba, ci gaba da ƙwayar cuta mai saurin kamuwa da kwayar cuta Mycobacterium leprae. Yana da farko yana shafar jijiyoyin iyakoki, fata, rufin hanci, da sashin jiki na sama. Kuturta kuma ana kiranta cutar Hansen.

Kuturta tana haifar da ulcers na fata, lalacewar jijiyoyi, da raunin tsoka. Idan ba a magance shi ba, zai iya haifar da mummunan rauni da nakasa mai mahimmanci.

Kuturta ita ce tsoffin cututtukan tarihi. Rubutun farko da aka sani game da kuturta daga shekara ta 600 K.Z.

Kuturta ta zama gama gari a ƙasashe da yawa, musamman waɗanda ke da yanayin zafi ko yanayin zafi. Ba shi da yawa sosai a Amurka. Rahotannin sun ce sabbin mutane 150 zuwa 250 ne kawai ke kamuwa da cutar a Amurka kowace shekara.

Menene alamun cutar kuturta?

Babban alamun cutar kuturta sun haɗa da:

  • rauni na tsoka
  • suma a hannu, hannu, ƙafa, da ƙafa
  • raunin fata

Raunin fata yana haifar da raguwar jin taɓawa, zafin jiki, ko zafi. Ba su warkewa, koda bayan makonni da yawa. Sun fi sautin fata na al'ada sauki ko kuma za a iya yin ja daga kumburi.


Yaya kuturta take?

Ta yaya kuturta ke yaɗuwa?

Kwayar cuta Mycobacterium leprae yana haifar da kuturta. Ana tunanin cewa kuturta tana yaduwa ta hanyar hulɗa da ɓoyayyiyar hanyar ɓoyewar mutum na kamuwa da cutar. Wannan yakan faru ne yayin da mutumin da kuturta ta yi atishawa ko tari.

Cutar ba ta da saurin yaduwa. Koyaya, kusanci, maimaita hulɗa da mutumin da ba a kula da shi ba na tsawon lokaci na iya haifar da kamuwa da kuturta.

Kwayar cutar da ke haifar da kuturta ta ninka a hankali. Cutar na da lokacin shiryawa (lokaci tsakanin kamuwa da cuta da bayyanar alamun farko) na, a cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).

Kwayar cutar ba za ta iya bayyana ba har tsawon shekaru 20.

A cewar New England Journal of Medicine, wani armadillo dan asalin kudancin Amurka da Mexico shima zai iya daukar cutar ya kuma yada shi ga mutane.

Menene irin kuturta?

Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don rarrabe kuturta.


1. Ciwon kuturta da cutar kuturta vs. kuturta ta kan iyaka vs.

Tsarin farko ya fahimci nau'ikan kuturta guda uku: tarin fuka, kuturta, da kan iyaka. Amsar rigakafin mutum game da cutar ita ce ke tantance wanne daga waɗannan nau'ikan kuturta:

  • A cikin kuturta, tarin amsawar na da kyau. Mutumin da ke da irin wannan ƙwayar cutar yana nuna lesan raunuka ne kawai. Cutar mai sauƙi ce kuma mai sauƙin yaduwa ce kawai.
  • A cikin kuturta kuturta, amsawar garkuwar ba ta da kyau. Wannan nau'in kuma yana shafar fata, jijiyoyi, da sauran gabobin. Akwai raunuka masu yaɗuwa, gami da nodules (manyan kumbura da kumburi). Wannan nau'in cuta yafi yaduwa.
  • A cikin kuturta akwai siffofin asibiti na duka tarin fuka da kuturta. Wannan nau'in ana ɗaukarsa a tsakanin sauran nau'ikan biyu.

2.Rarraba Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO)

cutar dangane da nau'in da yawan wuraren da cutar ta shafa:


  • Kashi na farko shine paucibacillary. Akwai raunuka biyar ko ƙasa da haka kuma babu ƙwayoyin cuta da aka gano a cikin samfurin fata.
  • Kashi na biyu shine multibacillary. Akwai rauni fiye da biyar, ana gano kwayar cutar a cikin shafawar fata, ko duka biyun.

3. Rabawar Ridley-Jopling

Nazarin asibiti yana amfani da tsarin Ridley-Jopling. Yana da rarrabuwa guda biyar dangane da tsananin bayyanar cututtuka.

RabawaKwayar cututtukaAmsar cutar
Kuturta ta tarin fukaFewan raunin raunuka, wasu manya da kangiya; wasu jijiyaZai iya warkar da kansa, ya dage, ko kuma ya ci gaba zuwa wani mummunan yanayi
Kuturta tarin fukaRaunuka kama da tarin fuka amma sun fi yawa; karin jijiyaIla ya dage, ya koma cutar tarin fuka, ko ci gaba zuwa wani nau'i
Kuturta a tsakiyar iyakaAlamu masu launin ja; matsakaiciyar nutsuwa; kumburin lymph; karin jijiyaIla ya koma baya, ya ci gaba, ko ci gaba zuwa wasu siffofin
Kuturta kuturta ta kan iyakaRaunuka da yawa, gami da raunuka masu laushi, ƙwanƙwasawar duwatsu, alamun allo, da nodules; karin sumaIya ci gaba, koma baya, ko ci gaba
Kuturta kuturtaRaunuka da yawa tare da kwayoyin cuta; asarar gashi; nervearfafa jijiyar jiki da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki; rauni na gaɓoɓi; nakasawaBa ya koma baya

Har ila yau, akwai wani nau'i na kuturta da ake kira kuturta mara ƙayyadewa wanda ba a haɗa shi cikin tsarin rarraba Ridley-Jopling. An dauke shi a matsayin farkon farkon cutar kuturta inda mutum zai sami rauni na fata guda ɗaya kawai wanda ya ɗan tausa zuwa taɓawa.

Kuturta mara yankewa na iya warware ko ci gaba zuwa ɗayan nau'ikan kuturta biyar a cikin tsarin Ridley-Jopling.

Ta yaya ake bincikar kuturta?

Likitanku zai gudanar da gwaji na zahiri don neman alamomi da alamomin cutar. Hakanan za su yi aikin biopsy inda za su cire karamin fata ko jijiya su aika zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji.

Hakanan likitanku na iya yin gwajin fatar kuturta don tantance nau'in kuturta. Zasu yi allurar karamin kwayoyin cutar kuturta, wadanda ba a kashe su, cikin fata, galibi a saman goshin.

Mutanen da ke da cutar tarin fuka ko kuturta ta kuturta za su sami kyakkyawan sakamako a wurin allurar.

Yaya ake magance kuturta?

WHO ta kirkiro wani a 1995 don warkar da kowane irin kutare. Ana samunsa kyauta a duk duniya.

Bugu da ƙari, yawancin maganin rigakafi suna magance kuturta ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da ita. Wadannan kwayoyin sun hada da:

  • dapsone (Aczone)
  • Rifampin (Rifadin)
  • clofazimine (Lamprene)
  • minocycline (Minocin)
  • ofloxacin (Ocuflux)

Kila likitan ka zai rubuta maganin rigakafi fiye da daya a lokaci guda.

Suna kuma iya so ku sha maganin kashe kumburi kamar su aspirin (Bayer), prednisone (Rayos), ko thalidomide (Thalomid). Maganin zai ɗauki tsawon watanni watakila har zuwa shekara 1 zuwa 2.

Kada ku taɓa shan thalidomide idan kun kasance ko ƙila ku ɗauki ciki. Zai iya haifar da lahani na haihuwa.

Mece ce matsalar kuturta?

Rage ganewar asali da magani na iya haifar da rikitarwa mai tsanani. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

  • nakasawa
  • asarar gashi, musamman akan gira da gashin ido
  • rauni na tsoka
  • lalacewar jijiya na dindindin a cikin hannu da ƙafa
  • rashin iya amfani da hannu da kafa
  • yawan toshewar hanci, zubar hanci, da durkushewar hancin hanci
  • iritis, wanda shine kumburi na iris na ido
  • glaucoma, cutar ido ce da ke haifar da lalacewar jijiyar ido
  • makanta
  • erectile dysfunction (ED)
  • rashin haihuwa
  • gazawar koda

Ta yaya zan iya hana kuturta?

Hanya mafi kyau ta hana kuturta ita ce gujewa dogon lokaci, kusanci da mutumin da ba shi da magani wanda ke da cutar.

Menene hangen nesa na dogon lokaci?

Hangen nesa gaba daya zai fi kyau idan likitanka ya binciko kuturta nan da nan kafin ta zama mai tsanani. Farkon jiyya na hana ƙarin lalacewar nama, da dakatar da yaɗuwar cutar, da hana manyan matsaloli na lafiya.

Hangen nesa yawanci ya fi muni idan ganewar asali ya faru a matakin da ya ci gaba, bayan mutum ya sami rauni ko nakasa. Koyaya, kulawar da ta dace har yanzu tana wajaba don hana ci gaba da lalata jiki da hana yaɗuwar cutar zuwa wasu.

Akwai yuwuwar samun rikitarwa na dindindin duk da nasarar maganin rigakafi, amma likitanku zai iya aiki tare da ku don ba da kulawar da ta dace don taimaka muku jurewa da sarrafa kowane yanayi na saura.

Tushen labarin

  • Anand PP, et al. (2014). Kutare mai kyau: Wani fuskar cutar Hansen! Wani bita. DOI: 10.1016 / j.ejcdt.2014.04.005
  • Rarraba kuturta. (nd).
  • Gaschignard J, et al. (2016). Pauci- da kuturta mai yawan ƙwayoyin cuta: Abubuwa biyu da suka banbanta, cututtukan gado.
  • Kuturta. (2018).
  • Kuturta. (nd). https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/leprosy/
  • Kuturta (cutar Hansen). (nd). https://medicalguidelines.msf.org/viewport/CG/hausa/leprosy-hansens-disease-16689690.html
  • Kuturta: Jiyya. (nd). http://www.searo.who.int/entity/leprosy/topics/the_treatment
  • Pardillo FEF, et al. (2007). Hanyoyi don rabewar kuturta don dalilai na magani. https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/44/8/1096/298106
  • Scollard D, et al. (2018). Kuturta: Annoba, microbiology, bayyanuwar asibiti, da kuma ganewar asali. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/leprosy-epidemiology-microbiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis
  • Tierney D, et al. (2018). Kuturta. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/mycobacteria/leprosy
  • Truman RW, et al. (2011). Wataƙila kuturta ta zoonotic a kudancin Amurka. DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1010536
  • Menene cutar Hansen? (2017).
  • WHO magunguna da yawa. (nd).

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