Myocarditis: menene shi, manyan alamun cuta da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Yadda za a bi da myocarditis
• Yiwuwar sakamako

Myocarditis wani kumburi ne na tsokar zuciya wanda zai iya tashi azaman rikitarwa yayin nau'ikan kamuwa da cuta daban-daban a cikin jiki, yana haifar da alamomi kamar ciwon kirji, ƙarancin numfashi ko jiri.

A mafi yawan lokuta, myocarditis yakan taso ne yayin kamuwa da kwayar cuta, kamar mura ko cutar kaza, amma kuma yana iya faruwa yayin da wani kamuwa da kwayar cuta ta kwayoyin cuta ko fungi, a halin haka yawanci ya zama dole kamuwa da cutar ya kasance yana da matukar ci gaba. Bugu da kari, myocarditis na iya zama sanadiyyar cututtukan jiki, kamar su Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, amfani da wasu magunguna da yawan shan giya, misali.

Myocarditis yana iya warkewa kuma yawanci yakan ɓace idan cutar ta warke, amma, lokacin da kumburin zuciya yayi tsanani sosai ko kuma bai tafi ba, yana iya zama dole a ci gaba da zama a asibiti.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

A cikin lamuran masu sauki, kamar lokacin sanyi ko mura, alal misali, myocarditis baya haifar da wata alama. Koyaya, a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, kamar waɗanda suka kamu da ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗannan masu zuwa na iya bayyana:

• Ciwon kirji;
• Bugun zuciya mara tsari;
• Jin motsin numfashi;
• Gajiya mai yawa;
• Kumburin kafafu da kafa;
• Dizziness.

A cikin yara, a gefe guda, wasu alamomi na iya bayyana, kamar ƙara zazzaɓi, saurin numfashi da suma. A cikin waɗannan halayen, ana ba da shawarar tuntuɓar likitan yara nan da nan don tantance matsalar da kuma fara maganin da ya dace.

Tunda myocarditis ya bayyana yayin kamuwa, alamun cutar na iya zama da wahalar ganowa kuma, sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar zuwa asibiti lokacin da alamomin suka wuce sama da kwanaki 3, saboda saboda kumburin tsokar zuciya, zuciya ta fara wahala a cikin harbawa jini yadda yakamata, wanda zai iya haifar da arrhythmia da gazawar zuciya, misali.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Lokacin da ake zargin myocarditis, likitan zuciyar zai iya yin odar wasu gwaje-gwaje kamar su kirjin X-ray, electrocardiogram ko echocardiogram don gano canje-canje a cikin aikin zuciya. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen suna da mahimmanci musamman saboda alamun na iya faruwa ne kawai ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta a jiki, ba tare da wani canji a zuciya ba.

Bugu da kari, wasu gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje galibi ana bukatar su duba aikin zuciya da yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar, kamar su VSH, PCR sashi, leukogram da narkar da alamun zuciya, kamar CK-MB da Troponin. Sanin gwaje-gwajen da ke kimanta zuciya.

Yadda za a bi da myocarditis

Yawancin lokaci ana yin magani a gida tare da hutawa don kauce wa yawan aiki daga zuciya. Koyaya, a wannan lokacin, kamuwa da cuta wanda ya haifar da myocarditis shima yakamata a kula dashi yadda yakamata kuma, saboda haka, yana iya zama dole a ɗauki maganin rigakafi, antifungals ko antivirals, misali.

Bugu da kari, idan alamun bayyanar cututtukan zuciya sun bayyana ko kuma idan kumburi yana kawo cikas ga aikin zuciya, likitan zuciyar na iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da wasu magunguna kamar:

• Maganin Hawan Jini, kamar su captopril, ramipril ko losartan: suna sassauta jijiyoyin jini da saukaka zirga-zirgar jini, rage alamomi kamar ciwon kirji da gajeren numfashi;
• Masu hana Beta, kamar metoprolol ko bisoprolol: taimakawa don ƙarfafa zuciya, sarrafa iko na mara kyau;
• Diuretics, kamar furosemide: kawar da yawan ruwa daga jiki, rage kumburi a kafafu da saukaka numfashi.

A cikin yanayi mafi tsanani, wanda cutar sankarau ta haifar da canje-canje da yawa a cikin aikin zuciya, yana iya zama dole a tsaya a asibiti don yin magunguna kai tsaye a cikin jijiya ko sanya naurori, kwatankwacin bugun zuciya, wanda ke taimakawa zuciya zuwa aiki.

A wasu lokuta mawuyaci, inda ƙonewar zuciya ke barazanar rai, yana iya ma zama dole a yi dashen zuciya na gaggawa.

Yiwuwar sakamako

A mafi yawan lokuta, cutar sankarau tana bacewa ba tare da barin kowane irin abu ba, wannan ma galibi ne mutum bai ma san yana da wannan matsalar ta zuciya ba.

Koyaya, lokacin da kumburi a cikin zuciya ya yi tsananin gaske, yana iya barin raunuka na dindindin a cikin jijiyar zuciya da ke haifar da farkon cututtuka kamar su rashin ƙarfin zuciya ko hawan jini. A waɗannan yanayin, likitan zuciyar zai ba da shawarar amfani da wasu magunguna waɗanda ya kamata a yi amfani da su na fewan watanni ko tsawon rayuwa, ya danganta da tsananin.

Duba magungunan da aka fi amfani dasu don magance cutar hawan jini.