Sabbin Magunguna da Magunguna don Ciwan Ulcerative Colitis

Wadatacce

• Jiyya na yanzu
• Aminosalicylates
• Corticosteroids
• Immunomodulators
• Masu toshe TNF
• Tiyata
• Sabbin magunguna
• Tofacitinib (Xeljanz)
• Biosimilars
• Jiyya a karkashin bincike
• Dasawa na fecal
• Tsarin kwayar halitta mai tushe
• Gwajin gwaji
• Awauki

Bayani

Lokacin da kake fama da cutar ulcerative colitis (UC), maƙasudin magani shine ka dakatar da garkuwar jikinka daga afkawa cikin hanjin ka. Wannan zai saukar da kumburi da ke haifar da alamunku, kuma ya sanya ku cikin gafara. Kwararka na iya zaɓar daga nau'ikan magunguna daban-daban don taimaka maka cimma waɗannan burin.

A cikin fewan shekarun da suka gabata, adadin magungunan da ake amfani da su don magance UC ya ƙaru. Masu bincike suna nazarin wasu sababbin da kuma yiwuwar ingantaccen jiyya a cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Jiyya na yanzu

Akwai 'yan nau'ikan magunguna iri daban daban don magance UC. Kwararka zai taimaka maka ka zaɓi ɗayan waɗannan hanyoyin kwantar da hankalin dangane da:

• tsananin cutar ku (mai sauƙi, matsakaici, ko mai tsanani)
• wacce magunguna kuka riga kuka sha
• Yaya kuka amsa ga waɗannan magunguna
• lafiyar ku baki daya

Aminosalicylates

Wannan rukuni na kwayoyi ya ƙunshi sinadarin 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Sun hada da:

• sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
• mesalamine (Canasa)
• olsalazine (Dipentum)
• balsalazide (Colazal, Giazo)

Lokacin da kuka sha waɗannan magungunan ta bakin ko a matsayin enema, suna taimakawa wajen saukar da kumburi a cikin hanjinku. Aminosalicylates suna aiki mafi kyau don sassauƙan-matsakaicin UC, kuma zasu iya taimakawa hana ƙoshin wuta.

Corticosteroids

Corticosteroids (kwayoyi masu cututtukan steroid) suna hana tsarin garkuwar jiki don saukar da kumburi. Misalan sun hada da:

• prednisone
• tsakar gida
• methylprednisolone
• budesonide

Likitanku na iya ba da umarnin ɗayan waɗannan kwayoyi na ɗan gajeren lokaci don kwantar da alamun bayyanar. Ba abu ne mai kyau ka tsaya kan masu amfani da kwayar cutar lokaci mai tsawo ba, saboda suna iya haifar da matsaloli kamar hawan jini, karɓar nauyi, cututtuka, da zubar kashi.

Immunomodulators

Wadannan kwayoyi suna danne garkuwar jikinka don hana ta haifar da kumburi. Kuna iya fara shan ɗayan waɗannan magunguna idan aminosalicylates basu taimaka alamunku ba. Misalan immunomodulators sun hada da:

• azathioprine (Azasan)
• 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) (Purinethol)
• cyclosporine (Sandimmune, Neoral, wasu)

Masu toshe TNF

Masu toshe TNF nau'in magani ne na ilimin halittu. Ana yin ilimin halittu ne daga sunadaran da aka gina su ko wasu abubuwa na halitta. Suna aiki a kan takamaiman sassan tsarin garkuwar ku wanda ke motsa kumburi.

Magungunan Anti-TNF suna toshe furotin na rigakafi wanda ake kira factor necrosis factor (TNF) wanda ke haifar da kumburi. Zasu iya taimaka wa mutane masu matsakaiciyar-matsanancin cutar UC wacce alamunta ba su inganta yayin wasu ƙwayoyi ba.

Masu toshe TNF sun hada da:

• adalimumab (Humira)
• golimumab (Simponi)
• infliximab (Remicade)
• vedolizumab (Entyvio)

Tiyata

Idan maganin da kuka gwada bai shawo kan alamunku ba ko daina aiki, kuna iya buƙatar tiyata. Hanyar da ake kira proctocolectomy tana cire dukkan hanji da dubura don hana ƙarin kumburi.

Bayan tiyata, ba za ku sami mallaka don adana ɓarnar ba. Likitan likitan ku zai kirkiro wata 'yar jaka a wajen jikin ku wanda ake kira da' yar 'intestomy', ko kuma cikin jikin ku daga wani bangare na karamin hanjin ku (ileum).

Yin aikin tiyata babban mataki ne, amma zai sauƙaƙe alamun cutar ta UC.

Sabbin magunguna

A cikin fewan shekarun nan, newan sabbin magungunan UC sun bayyana.

Tofacitinib (Xeljanz)

Xeljanz na cikin rukunin magungunan da ake kira masu hana Janus kinase (JAK). Wadannan kwayoyi suna toshe enzyme JAK, wanda ke kunna sel na garkuwar jiki don samar da kumburi.

Xeljanz an amince da shi tun daga 2012 don magance cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid (RA), kuma tun daga 2017 don magance cututtukan zuciya na psoriatic (PsA). A cikin 2018, FDA ta kuma amince da shi don magance mutane da matsakaiciyar-matsananci UC waɗanda ba su amsa masu toshe TNF ba.

Wannan magani shine farkon maganin baka na dogon lokaci don matsakaici-zuwa-mai tsanani UC. Sauran kwayoyi suna buƙatar jiko ko allura. Hanyoyi masu illa daga Xeljanz sun hada da babban cholesterol, ciwon kai, gudawa, mura, kumburi, da shingles.

Biosimilars

Biosimilars wani sabon nau'i ne na magungunan ƙwayoyi waɗanda aka tsara don kwaikwayon sakamakon ilimin halittu. Kamar ilimin kimiyyar halittu, wadannan kwayoyi suna niyyar sunadarai na tsarin garkuwar jiki wadanda ke taimakawa ga kumburi.

Biosimilars suna aiki iri ɗaya kamar ilimin kimiyyar halittu, amma suna iya yin rashi sosai. An ƙara haruffa huɗu zuwa ƙarshen sunan don taimakawa wajen rarrabe magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta daga asalin ilimin halittu.

FDA ta amince da biosimilars da yawa don UC a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, gami da:

• infliximab-abda (Renflexis)
• infliximab-dyyb (Tsinkaya)
• infliximab-qbtx (Ixifi)
• adalimumab-adbm (Cyltezo)
• adalimumab-atto (Amjevita)

Jiyya a karkashin bincike

Masu bincike koyaushe suna neman ingantattun hanyoyi don sarrafa UC. Anan ga wasu sabbin magungunan da ake gudanarwa.

Dasawa na fecal

Canjin dattin ciki, ko dashen dusar ƙafa, wata dabara ce ta gwaji wacce ke sanya ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙoshin lafiya daga cikin kujerun mai ba da taimako zuwa cikin wani mutum mai cutar UC.Tunanin na iya zama mara daɗi, amma ƙwayoyin cuta masu kyau suna taimakawa warkar da lalacewa daga UC da kuma dawo da daidaitattun ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanji.

Tsarin kwayar halitta mai tushe

Kwayoyin kara sune kananan kwayoyin halitta wadanda suka girma cikin dukkan kwayoyin halitta da kyallen takarda a jikinmu. Suna da damar warkar da kowane irin lalacewa idan muka yi amfani da su kuma muka yi amfani da su daidai. A cikin UC, ƙwayoyin sel na iya canza tsarin garkuwar jiki ta hanyar da zata taimaka saukar da kumburi da warkar da lalacewa.

Gwajin gwaji

Doctors suna da zaɓuka masu yawa na zaɓuɓɓukan magani don UC fiye da kowane lokaci. Kodayake tare da kwayoyi masu yawa, wasu mutane suna da matsala samun wanda zai yi musu aiki.

Masu bincike koyaushe suna nazarin sabbin hanyoyin magance jiyya a gwajin asibiti. Shiga ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan karatun na iya ba ku damar yin amfani da magani kafin ya samu ga jama'a. Tambayi likitan da ke kula da UC idan gwajin asibiti a yankinku na iya zama dacewa a gare ku.

Awauki

Hangen nesa ga mutanen da ke tare da UC ya fi kyau a yau, saboda sababbin magunguna waɗanda za su iya kwantar da kumburin hanji. Idan kun gwada magani kuma bai taimaka muku ba, ku sani cewa wasu zaɓuɓɓuka na iya inganta alamunku. Kasance mai naci, kuma kayi aiki tare da likitanka don neman maganin da zai amfane ka.