Girman Kiba

Wadatacce

• Menene binciken kiba?
• Menene BMI?
• Me ke kawo kiba?
• Menene ake amfani da gwajin kiba?
• Me yasa nake bukatar binciken kiba?
• Menene ya faru yayin binciken kiba?
• Shin zan buƙaci yin komai don shirya don binciken kiba?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga binciken?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da binciken kiba?
• Bayani

Menene binciken kiba?

Kiba ita ce yanayin yawan kiba a jiki. Ba wai kawai batun bayyanar ba. Kiba na iya sanya ka cikin haɗari don matsaloli iri-iri na yau da kullun da kuma matsalolin lafiya. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Ciwon zuciya
• Rubuta ciwon sukari na 2
• Hawan jini
• Amosanin gabbai
• Wasu nau'ikan cutar kansa

Masana sun ce kiba ita ce babbar matsala a Amurka Yau sama da kashi 30 cikin 100 na manya na Amurka kuma kashi 20 na yaran Amurka suna da kiba. Yaran da ke da kiba suna cikin haɗari ga yawancin matsalolin lafiya iri ɗaya da na manya masu kiba.

Gwajin kiba na iya amfani da ma'auni wanda ake kira BMI (ƙimar jikin mutum) da sauran gwaje-gwaje don gano ko ku ko yaranku sun yi kiba ko suna da kiba. Kasancewa da kiba yana nufin kana da nauyin jiki da yawa. Duk da yake ba mai tsanani bane kamar kiba, hakan na iya haifar da mummunan matsalar lafiya.

Menene BMI?

BMI (ma'aunin ma'aunin jiki) lissafi ne dangane da nauyinku da tsayinku. Duk da yake yana da wuya kai tsaye auna mai a jiki, BMI na iya samar da kyakkyawan kiyasi.

Don auna BMI, mai ba ku kiwon lafiya na iya amfani da kayan aiki na kan layi ko lissafin da ke amfani da nauyinku da bayananku masu tsawo. Kuna iya auna BMI naka ta hanya iri ɗaya ta amfani da lissafin BMI na kan layi.

Sakamakonku zai fada cikin ɗayan waɗannan rukunoni:

• Kasa 18.5: Mara nauyi
• 18.5-24.9: Kiwan lafiya
• 25 -29.9: Nauyi
• 30 da sama: Kiba
• 40 ko sama da haka: Mai tsananin kiba, wanda kuma aka sani da kiba mai haɗari

Ana kuma amfani da BMI don tantance kiba a cikin yara, amma an gano ta daban da ta manya. Mai ba da kula da lafiya na ɗanka zai lissafa BMI dangane da shekarun yaron, jima'i, nauyi, da tsayin yaron. Shi ko ita za su kwatanta waɗannan lambobin da sakamakon wasu yara masu halaye iri ɗaya.

Sakamakon zai kasance a cikin nau'i na kashi. Matsayi kusan shine nau'in kwatanta tsakanin mutum da ƙungiya. Misali, idan yaronka yana da BMI a kashi na 50, yana nufin kashi 50 cikin ɗari na yara masu jinsi ɗaya da na jinsi suna da ƙananan BMI. BMI na ɗanka zai nuna ɗayan sakamako masu zuwa:

• Kasa da 5^na percentile: Mara nauyi
• 5^na-84^na kashi: Nauyin Al'ada
• 85^na-94^na kashi: Nauyin kiba
• 95^na kashi kuma mafi girma: Obese

Me ke kawo kiba?

Kiba yana faruwa lokacin da kuka ɗauki yawancin adadin kuzari fiye da yadda jikinku yake buƙata a cikin dogon lokaci. Abubuwa da dama na iya haifar da kiba. Ga mutane da yawa, yawan cin abinci da ƙarfi kawai bai isa ya kula da nauyi ba. Kiba na iya haifar da ɗayan ko fiye na masu zuwa:

• Abinci. Kuna cikin haɗarin kiba mafi yawa idan abincinku ya haɗa da yawancin abinci mai sauri, kayan ciye-ciye, da abubuwan sha mai laushi.
• Rashin motsa jiki. Idan ba ku sami isasshen motsa jiki don ƙone abin da kuke ci ba, wataƙila za ku sami nauyi.
• Tarihin iyali. Wataƙila ku zama masu kiba idan dangi na kusa suna da kiba.
• Tsufa. Yayinda kuka tsufa, tsokar jikin ku tana raguwa kuma karfin ku yana raguwa. Wannan na iya haifar da karin kiba, kuma a karshe kiba, ko da kuwa ka tsaya a lafiyayyen nauyi lokacin da kake saurayi.
• Ciki. Yana da kyau kuma lafiya don samun nauyi yayin daukar ciki. Amma idan baku rasa nauyi bayan ciki ba, zai iya haifar da matsaloli masu nauyi na dogon lokaci.
• Al'aura. Mata da yawa suna samun kiba bayan sun gama al'ada. Wannan na iya haifar da canje-canje a matakan hormone da / ko raguwa a cikin ayyukan yau da kullun.
• Biology. Jikinmu yana da tsarin da ke taimakawa kiyaye nauyin mu a matakin lafiya. A wasu mutane, wannan tsarin ba ya aiki daidai. Wannan yana sanya wahala musamman a rasa nauyi.
• Hormonal cuta. Wasu rikice-rikice suna sa jikinka yin da yawa ko kuma ƙananan homon masu mahimmanci. Wannan na iya haifar da karin nauyi, wani lokacin kuma kiba.

Menene ake amfani da gwajin kiba?

Ana amfani da aikin binciken kiba don gano ko ku ko yaranku suna cikin nauyin rashin lafiya. Idan nunawa ya nuna cewa ku ko yaranku sun yi kiba ko suna da kiba, mai ba ku sabis zai duba ya ga ko akwai batun kiwon lafiya da ke haifar da ƙarin kiba. Mai ba ku sabis zai koya muku game da abin da za ku iya yi don rage nauyi da inganta lafiyar ku.

Me yasa nake bukatar binciken kiba?

Yawancin manya da yara sama da shekaru 6 ya kamata a kalla a kalla sau ɗaya a shekara tare da BMI. Idan mai kula da lafiyar ku ya gano kuna da BMI mai girma ko ƙaruwa, zai iya ba da shawarar matakan da za ku iya ɗauka don taimaka muku hana yin ƙiba ko kiba.

Menene ya faru yayin binciken kiba?

Baya ga BMI, binciken kiba na iya haɗawa da:

• Gwajin jiki
• Mizani a kugu. Yawan kiba a kugu yana iya sanya ku cikin haɗari mafi girma ma game da matsalolin kiwon lafiya da suka shafi kiba, gami da cututtukan zuciya da kuma ciwon sukari na 2
• Gwajin jini don bincika ciwon sukari da / ko yanayin kiwon lafiya waɗanda na iya haifar da ƙimar kiba.

Shin zan buƙaci yin komai don shirya don binciken kiba?

Kuna iya buƙatar azumi (ba ci ko sha ba) don wasu nau'ikan gwajin jini. Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai sanar da ku idan kuna buƙatar yin azumi kuma idan akwai wasu umarni na musamman da za a bi.

Shin akwai haɗari ga binciken?

Babu haɗarin samun BMI ko ƙimar kugu. Akwai haɗari kaɗan don yin gwajin jini. Kuna iya samun ɗan ciwo ko rauni a wurin da aka sanya allurar, amma yawancin alamun suna tafi da sauri.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Sakamakon BMI da ma'aunin kugu na iya nuna cewa kun kasance cikin ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Mara nauyi
• Kiwan lafiya
• Nauyin kiba
• Kiba
• Mai tsananin kiba

Gwajin jininka na iya nuna ko kuna da matsalar rashin kwayar cutar. Gwajin jini na iya nunawa idan kana da ko kuma kana cikin haɗarin ciwon sukari.

Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da binciken kiba?

Idan sakamakonka ya nuna cewa kai ko yaronka ya yi kiba ko kiba, yi magana da mai ba ku kiwon lafiya game da zaɓuɓɓukan magani. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance kiba. Jiyya zai dogara ne akan dalilin matsalar nauyi da kuma yadda ake bada shawarar rage nauyi. Zaɓuɓɓuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Cin abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya, ƙarancin kalori
• Samun karin motsa jiki
• Taimakon halayya daga mai ba da shawara game da lafiyar hankali da / ko ƙungiyar tallafi
• Magungunan asarar nauyi
• Yin tiyatar rage nauyi. Wannan aikin, wanda ake kira tiyatar bariatric, yana canza canje-canje ga tsarin narkewar ku. Wannan yana iyakance adadin abincin da zaka iya ci. Ana amfani da shi ne kawai ga mutanen da ke da kiba mai tsanani kuma waɗanda suka gwada wasu hanyoyin rage nauyi waɗanda ba su yi aiki ba.

Bayani

1. AHRQ: Hukumar Kula da Lafiya da Inganci [Intanet]. Rockville (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Nunawa da Gudanar da Kiba; 2015 Apr [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 5]. Akwai daga: https://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/prevention-chronic-care/healthier-pregnancy/preventive/obesity.html#care
2. Allina Lafiya [Intanet]. Minneapolis: Allina Lafiya; Kiba [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://account.allinahealth.org/library/content/1/7297
3. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Game da BMI na manya [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 5]. Akwai daga: https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html
4. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Game da Yara da Matasa BMI [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/childrens_bmi/about_childrens_bmi.html#percentile
5. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Bayanan Kiba na Yara (wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html
6. Mayo Clinic [Intanet]. Gidauniyar Mayo don Ilimin Likita da Bincike; c1998–2019. Kiba na yara: Bincike da magani; 2018 Dec 5 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-obesity/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354833
7. Mayo Clinic [Intanet]. Gidauniyar Mayo don Ilimin Likita da Bincike; c1998–2019. Kiba da ƙuruciya: Kwayar cututtuka da dalilai; 2018 Dec 5 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-obesity/symptoms-causes/syc-20354827
8. Mayo Clinic [Intanet]. Gidauniyar Mayo don Ilimin Likita da Bincike; c1998–2019. Kiba: Ganewar asali da magani; 2015 Jun 10 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obesity/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20375749
9. Mayo Clinic [Intanet]. Gidauniyar Mayo don Ilimin Likita da Bincike; c1998–2019. Kiba: Kwayar cututtuka da dalilai; 2015 Jun 10 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obesity/symptoms-causes/syc-20375742
10. Shafin Kasuwancin Merck Manual [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Kamfanin Merck & Co., Inc.; c2019. Kiba [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/disorders-of-nutrition/obesity-and-the-metabolic-syndrome/obesity?query=obesity
11. Zuciyar Kasa, Huhu, da Cibiyar Jini [Intanet]. Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Gwajin Jini [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
12. Zuciyar Kasa, Huhu, da Cibiyar Jini [Intanet]. Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Kiba da Kiba [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/overweight-and-obesity
13. Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon Suga ta Duniya da Cututtukan narkewar abinci da Koda (Intanet). Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Ma'anar da Bayanan Halitta don Yin aikin tiyata; 2016 Jul [wanda aka ambata 2019 Jun 17]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/weight-management/bariatric-surgery/definition-facts
14. OAC [Intanet]. Tampa: Hadin gwiwar Aiki; c2019. Menene Kiba? [aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.obesityaction.org/get-educated/understanding-your-weight-and-health/what-is-obesity
15. Kiwan lafiyar yara na Stanford [Intanet]. Palo Alto (CA): lafiyar yara ta Stanford; c2019. Tabbatar da Jikin Masana Jiki na Matasa [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=determining-body-mass-index-for-teens-90-P01598
16. Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center [Intanet]. Rochester (NY): Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center; c2019. Cibiyar Tiyatar Bariwayar atricanƙara: Mene ne Kiba na Ciba? [da aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/highland/bariatric-surgery-center/questions/morbid-obesity.aspx
17. Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center [Intanet]. Rochester (NY): Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center; c2019. Encyclopedia na Lafiya: Bayani na Kiba [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=85&contentid=P07855
18. US Task Force, , Simon MA, Tseng CW. Nunawa don Kiba a cikin Yara da Matasa: Jawabin Shawarwarin Tasungiyar Preungiyar Rigakafin Amurka. JAMA [Intanet]. 2017 Jun 20 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; 317 (23): 2417-2426. Akwai daga: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28632874
19. Kiwon Lafiya UW [Intanet]. Madison (WI): Jami'ar Wisconsin Asibitoci da Hukumomin Kula da Lafiya; c2019. Kiba: Gwaji da Gwaji [sabunta 2018 Jun 25; da aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 7]. Akwai daga: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/obesity/hw252864.html#aa51034
20. Kiwon Lafiya UW [Intanet]. Madison (WI): Jami'ar Wisconsin Asibitoci da Hukumomin Kula da Lafiya; c2019. Kiba: Rashin lafiyar Kiba na Kiba [sabunta 2018 Jun 25; da aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da fuska 5]. Akwai daga: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/obesity/hw252864.html#aa50963
21. Kiwon Lafiya UW [Intanet]. Madison (WI): Jami'ar Wisconsin Asibitoci da Hukumomin Kula da Lafiya; c2019. Kiba: Topic Overview [sabunta 2018 Jun 25; da aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/special/obesity/hw252864.html#hw252867
22. Yao A. Nunawa da Gudanar da Kiba a cikin Manya: Bayanin Shawarwarin Tasungiyar Preungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka: Binciken Bincike. Ann Med Surg (Lond) [Intanet]. 2012 Nov 13 [wanda aka ambata 2019 Mayu 24]; 2 (1): 18–21. Akwai daga: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4326119

Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.