Cutar Neuritis

Wadatacce

• Wanene ke cikin haɗarin cutar neuritis?
• Menene ke haifar da cutar neuritis?
• Menene alamun cututtukan neuritis?
• Yaya ake bincikar cutar neuritis?
• Menene maganin cututtukan neuritis?
• Menene hangen nesa na dogon lokaci?

Menene neuritis na gani?

Jijiyoyin gani suna ɗauke da bayanan gani daga idonka zuwa kwakwalwarka. Neuritis na Optic (ON) shine lokacin da jijiyar ku ta zama kumburi.

ON na iya tashi sama farat ɗaya daga kamuwa da cuta ko cutar jijiya. Kumburin yakan haifar da asarar hangen nesa na ɗan lokaci wanda yawanci ke faruwa a cikin ido ɗaya kawai. Waɗanda ke tare da ON wani lokaci suna fuskantar ciwo.Yayinda kuka murmure kuma kumburin ya tafi, da alama hangen naku zai dawo.

Sauran yanayi suna haifar da bayyanar cututtuka waɗanda suke kama da na ON. Doctors na iya amfani da yanayin haɗin kai na haɗin kai (OCT) ko hoton haɓakar maganadisu (MRI) don taimakawa kai tsaye ga ganewar asali.

KUNA koyaushe baya buƙatar magani kuma zai iya warkar da kansa. Magunguna, kamar su corticosteroids, na iya taimakawa saurin warkewa. Yawancin waɗanda suka sami ON suna da cikakkiyar (ko kusan kammalawa) cikin hangen nesa tsakanin watanni biyu zuwa uku, amma yana iya ɗaukar watanni 12 don cimma nasarar hangen nesa.

Wanene ke cikin haɗarin cutar neuritis?

Kuna iya haɓaka ON idan:

• ke mace ce tsakanin shekara 18 zuwa 45
• an gano ku tare da ƙwayar cuta mai yawa (MS)
• kuna zaune ne a wani wuri mai nisa (misali, Arewacin Amurka, New Zealand)

Menene ke haifar da cutar neuritis?

Dalilin ON ba a fahimta sosai. Yawancin lamura marasa lafiya ne, wanda ke nufin ba su da wata hanyar ganowa. Sanannen sanannen sanadi shine MS. A zahiri, ON shine yawancin alamun farko na MS. ON kuma na iya zama saboda kamuwa da cuta ko kuma tsarin garkuwar jiki mai kumburi.

Cututtuka na jijiyoyi da zasu iya haifar da ON sun haɗa da:

• MS
• neuromyelitis optica
• Cutar Schilder (mummunan yanayin lalacewa wanda ke farawa tun yarinta)

Cututtuka da zasu iya haifar da ON sun haɗa da:

• mumps
• kyanda
• tarin fuka
• Cutar Lyme
• kwayar cutar encephalitis
• sinusitis
• cutar sankarau
• shingles

Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da ON sun hada da:

• sarcoidosis, rashin lafiya wanda ke haifar da kumburi a cikin gabobin jiki da kyallen takarda
• Guillain-Barre ciwo, wata cuta ce wacce garkuwar jikinka ke kaiwa ga tsarin jijiyoyin ka
• postvaccination dauki, wani rigakafi amsa wadannan alurar riga kafi
• wasu magunguna ko magunguna

Menene alamun cututtukan neuritis?

Abubuwa ukun da suka fi yawan cutar ta ON sune:

• asarar gani a ido daya, wanda zai iya bambanta daga mara nauyi zuwa mai tsanani kuma yakan dauki kwanaki 7 zuwa 10
• ciwon mara na jijiyoyin wuya, ko zafi a kusa da idanunku wanda sau da yawa yakan lalace ta hanyar motsin ido
• dyschromatopsia, ko rashin ganin launuka daidai

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• photopsia, ganin fitilu masu walƙiya (kashewa gefe) a ido ɗaya ko duka biyun
• canje-canje a yadda ɗalibin yake amsa haske mai haske
• Abin mamaki na Uhthoff (ko alamar Uhthoff), lokacin da hangen ido ya kara lalacewa tare da karuwar yanayin zafin jiki

Yaya ake bincikar cutar neuritis?

Jarabawar jiki, alamomi, da tarihin likita sune tushen asalin cutar ta ON. Don tabbatar da ingantaccen magani, likitanka na iya yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don sanin dalilin ON.

Nau'o'in rashin lafiya da zasu iya haifar da cutar neuritis sun hada da:

• cututtukan demyelinating, kamar su MS
• autoimmune neuropathies, kamar tsarin lupus erythematosus
• compressive neuropathies, kamar meningioma (wani nau'in ciwan kwakwalwa)
• yanayin kumburi, kamar sarcoidosis
• cututtuka, kamar su sinusitis

ON yana kamar kumburin jijiyoyin gani. Yanayi tare da alamun bayyanar kama ON waɗanda ba masu kumburi ba sun haɗa da:

• cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa
• cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta

Saboda kusancin dangantaka tsakanin ON da MS, likitanka na iya son yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen:

• OCT scan, wanda yake kallon jijiyoyin bayan idanun ka
• kwakwalwar MRI, wanda ke amfani da filin maganadisu da raƙuman rediyo don ƙirƙirar cikakken hoton kwakwalwarka
• CT scan, wanda ke haifar da hoton rayukan kwakwalwarku na kwakwalwa ko wasu sassan jikinku

Menene maganin cututtukan neuritis?

Yawancin lokuta na ON suna murmurewa ba tare da magani ba. Idan kunnan ku sakamakon wani yanayi ne, magance wannan halin sau da yawa zai magance matsalar ON.

Jiyya don ON ya hada da:

• igiyar jini methylprednisolone (IVMP)
• intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
• allurar interferon

Amfani da corticosteroids kamar su IVMP na iya samun illa. Effectsananan sakamako masu illa na IVMP sun haɗa da matsanancin baƙin ciki da kuma ciwon sankara.

Sakamakon illa na yau da kullun na maganin steroid ya haɗa da:

• damun bacci
• m yanayi canje-canje
• ciki ciki

Menene hangen nesa na dogon lokaci?

Yawancin mutane da ke da ON za su sami rabo don kammala murmurewar hangen nesa cikin watanni 6 zuwa 12. Bayan haka, yawan warkarwa ya ragu kuma lalacewa ta fi wanzuwa. Ko da tare da dawo da hangen nesa mai kyau, da yawa zasu ci gaba da yawan lalacewa ga jijiyar gani.

Ido yanki ne mai matukar muhimmanci a cikin jiki. Adireshin alamun gargaɗi na lalacewa na har abada tare da likitanka kafin su zama ba za a iya canzawa ba. Waɗannan alamun gargaɗin sun haɗa da hangen nesa da ke taɓarɓarewa fiye da makonni biyu kuma babu ci gaba bayan makonni takwas.