Menene Polycythemia Vera, ganewar asali, alamomi da magani

Wadatacce

• Menene alamun da alamun
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Matsalolin polycythemia vera
• 1. Samuwar daskarewar jini
• 2. Splenomegaly
• 3. Faruwar wasu cututtuka
• Yadda za a hana rikitarwa
• Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Polycythemia Vera wata cuta ce ta myeloproliferative na ƙwayoyin hematopoietic, wanda ke da alaƙa da yaduwar ƙwayoyin jinin jini, farin ƙwayoyin jini da platelets.

Inara wa waɗannan ƙwayoyin, musamman a cikin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, yana sa jini ya yi kauri, wanda zai iya haifar da wasu rikice-rikice irin su faɗaɗa ƙwaya da ƙwanƙwasa jini, saboda haka haɓaka haɗarin thrombosis, bugun zuciya ko bugun jini ko ma haifar da wasu cututtuka kamar m cutar sankarar bargo ko myelofibrosis.

Jiyya ya ƙunshi aiwatar da aikin da ake kira phlebotomy da kuma ba da magunguna waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen daidaita adadin ƙwayoyin a cikin jini.

Menene alamun da alamun

Yawan jan jini yana haifar da karuwa a haemoglobin da dankalin jini, wanda zai iya haifar da alamomin jijiyoyin jiki kamar su vertigo, ciwon kai, karin hawan jini, sauyin gani da kuma hadurran ischemic na wucin gadi.

Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke da wannan cutar galibi suna fuskantar ƙaiƙayi gabaɗaya, musamman bayan shawa mai zafi, rauni, raunin nauyi, gajiya, hangen nesa, gumi mai yawa, kumburin haɗin gwiwa, ƙarancin numfashi da nitsuwa, ƙwanƙwasawa, ƙonewa ko rauni a cikin membobin.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Don gano cutar, dole ne a gudanar da gwajin jini, wanda a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da Polycythemia Vera, ya nuna ƙaruwar adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, kuma a wasu lokuta, ƙaruwar farin ƙwayoyin jini da platelets, babban matakan haemoglobin da ƙananan matakan erythropoietin.

Kari akan haka, ana iya yin fatawar kashin jikin mutum ko biopsy domin samun samfurin da za'a bincika daga baya.

Matsalolin polycythemia vera

Akwai wasu lokuta na mutanen da ke tare da Polycythemia Vera waɗanda ba sa nuna alamu da alamomi, duk da haka, wasu lokuta na iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani:

1. Samuwar daskarewar jini

Inara kaurin jini da kuma raguwar abin da ke biyo baya da canji a cikin yawan platelets, na iya haifar da daskarewar jini, wanda zai iya haifar da bugun zuciya, bugun jini, huhu na huhu ko thrombosis. Ara koyo game da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

2. Splenomegaly

Saifa yana taimakawa jiki don yaƙar cututtuka kuma yana taimakawa wajen kawar da lalatattun ƙwayoyin jini. Inara yawan jinin jini ko ma wasu ƙwayoyin jini, yana sa saifa ya yi aiki fiye da yadda yake, yana haifar da ƙaruwa a girma. Duba ƙarin game da splenomegaly.

3. Faruwar wasu cututtuka

Kodayake ba safai ba, Polycythemia Vera na iya haifar da wasu cutuka masu tsanani, kamar su myelofibrosis, myelodysplastic syndrome ko m leukemia. A wasu lokuta, kasusuwan kasusuwa na iya haifar da ci gaban fibrosis da hypocellularity.

Yadda za a hana rikitarwa

Don hana rikice-rikice, ban da shawarar da aka ba ka don bi maganin yadda ya kamata, yana da mahimmanci kuma ka ɗauki salon rayuwa mai ƙoshin lafiya, motsa jiki a kai a kai, wanda ke inganta zagawar jini da rage haɗarin daskarewar jini. Haka nan ya kamata a guji shan sigari, saboda yana kara barazanar kamuwa da ciwon zuciya da shanyewar barin jiki.

Bugu da kari, ya kamata a kula da fata da kyau, domin rage kaikayi, yin wanka da ruwan dumi, ta yin amfani da dusar kankara mai tsami da kirim mai sanya hypoallergenic da gujewa yanayin zafi mai yawa, wanda ka iya kara yaduwar jini. Saboda wannan, ya kamata mutum ya guji bayyanar rana a lokutan zafi na rana kuma ya kare jiki daga shiga zuwa yanayin sanyi sosai.

Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa

Polycythemia Vera na faruwa ne lokacin da kwayar halittar JAK2 ta canza, wanda ke haifar da matsaloli wajen samar da kwayoyin halittar jini. Wannan wata cuta ce wacce ba safai ake samun sa ba, wanda ke faruwa kimanin mutum 2 cikin kowane mutum 100,000, yawanci sama da shekaru 60.

Gabaɗaya, lafiyayyan ƙwayoyin halitta suna tsara yawan samarwar kowane ɗayan ƙwayoyin jini guda uku: ja, fararen ƙwayoyin jini da platelets, amma a cikin Polycythemia Vera, akwai ƙara girman ƙwayayen ƙwayoyin jini.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Polycythemia vera cuta ce ta yau da kullun wacce bata da magani kuma maganin ya kunshi rage ƙwayoyin jini, kuma a wasu lokuta yana iya rage haɗarin rikitarwa:

Magungunan maganin warkewa: Wannan dabarar ta kunshi fitar da jini daga jijiyoyin, wanda galibi shine zabin magani na farko ga mutanen da suke da wannan cutar. Wannan aikin yana rage adadin jajayen kwayoyin jini, yayin da kuma rage girman jini.

Asfirin: Likita na iya rubuta maganin asfirin a wani abu mai sauki, tsakanin 100 zuwa 150 MG, don rage barazanar daskarewar jini.

Magunguna don rage ƙwayoyin jini: Idan phlebotomy bai wadatar ba don maganin yayi tasiri, yana iya zama dole a sha magunguna kamar:

• Hydroxyurea, wanda zai iya rage samar da kwayayen jini a cikin kashin kashi;
• Alpha interferon, wanda ke kara karfin garkuwar jiki don yaki da yawan kwayayen jini, ga mutanen da ba su amsa da kyau ga hydroxyurea;
• Ruxolitinib, wanda ke taimakawa tsarin rigakafi don lalata ƙwayoyin tumo kuma zai iya inganta alamun bayyanar;
• Magunguna don rage itching, kamar antihistamines.

Idan ƙaiƙayin ya zama mai tsanani sosai, ƙila kuna buƙatar samun wutan lantarki na ultraviolet ko amfani da magunguna kamar paroxetine ko fluoxetine.