Tantancewar Kwayar Halittar Ba da Cellwayar haihuwa

Wadatacce

• Menene gwajin ba tare da haihuwa ba na DNA (cfDNA)?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake bukatan binciken cfDNA kafin haihuwa?
• Menene ya faru yayin gwajin cfDNA na haihuwa?
• Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa wannan gwajin?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da gwajin cfDNA na haihuwa?
• Bayani

Menene gwajin ba tare da haihuwa ba na DNA (cfDNA)?

Bincikar DNA (cfDNA) mara kwayar haihuwa tayi gwajin jini ne ga mata masu juna biyu. A lokacin daukar ciki, wasu DNA din jaririn da ba a haifa ba suna yawo a cikin jinin uwa. Binciken cfDNA yana bincika wannan DNA don gano idan jaririn zai iya samun Down syndrome ko wata cuta da trisomy ke haifarwa.

Trisomy cuta ce ta chromosomes. Chromosomes sune sassan ƙwayoyinku waɗanda suka ƙunshi ƙwayoyinku. Kwayar halitta sassan DNA ne da aka ratsa daga uwa da uba. Suna ɗauke da bayanan da ke tantance halaye na musamman, kamar su tsayi da launin ido.

• Kullum mutane suna da chromosomes 46, sun kasu kashi 23, a kowace kwaya.
• Idan ɗayan ɗayan waɗannan nau'i-nau'i yana da ƙarin kwafin chromosome, ana kiran sa da trisomy. Trisomy yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin hanyar jiki da kwakwalwa.
• A cikin ciwo na Down, akwai ƙarin kwafin chromosome 21. Wannan kuma ana kiranta da trisomy 21. Ciwon rashin lafiya shine cuta mafi yawan chromosome a cikin Amurka.
• Sauran cututtukan trisomy sun hada da cutar Edwards (trisomy 18), inda akwai karin kwafin chromosome 18, da cutar Patau (trisomy 13), inda akwai karin kwafin chromosome 13. Wadannan rikice-rikicen ba su da yawa amma sun fi Down syndrome ciwo. Yawancin jariran da suke da trisomy 18 ko trisomy 13 suna mutuwa a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwarsu.

Binciken cfDNA yana da ƙananan haɗari a gare ku da jaririn, amma ba zai iya gaya muku tabbas ko jaririnku yana da cutar chromosome ba. Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai buƙaci yin odar wasu gwaje-gwaje don tabbatarwa ko hana ganewar asali.

Sauran sunaye: DNA tayi-cell-free, cffDNA, gwajin mara kafin haihuwa, NIPT

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana amfani da nuna cfDNA mafi yawa don nunawa idan jaririn da ke cikinku yana da haɗarin haɗari ga ɗayan cututtukan chromosome masu zuwa:

• Rashin ciwo na ƙasa (trisomy 21)
• Ciwon Edwards (trisomy 18)
• Ciwon Patau (trisomy 13)

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da nunawa don:

• Ayyade jinsi na jinsi (jima'i). Ana iya yin hakan idan duban dan tayi ya nuna cewa al'aurar jaririn ba ta bayyana namiji ko mace ba. Wannan na iya faruwa ta hanyar rikicewar chromosomes na jima'i.
• Duba nau'in jini na Rh. Rh shine furotin da aka samo akan kwayoyin jini. Idan kuna da furotin, ana ɗauka ku tabbatacce Rh. Idan ba ka yi ba, kai ne Rh korau. Idan kun kasance Rh korau kuma jaririn da ba a haifa ba Rh tabbatacce ne, tsarin garkuwar jikinku na iya kai hari kan ƙwayoyin jinin jaririnku. Idan kun gano kun kasance Rh mummunan a farkon ciki, zaku iya shan magunguna don kare jaririnku daga rikitarwa masu haɗari.

Za'a iya yin gwajin cfDNA a farkon makon 10 na ciki.

Me yasa nake bukatan binciken cfDNA kafin haihuwa?

Yawancin masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya suna ba da shawarar wannan gwajin ga mata masu juna biyu waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin haɗarin haihuwar jariri da cuta ta chromosome. Kuna iya zama cikin haɗari mafi girma idan:

• Kuna da shekaru 35 ko tsufa. Shekar uwa ita ce babban haɗarin haɗari don samun jariri mai fama da ciwo na Down syndrome ko wasu cututtukan trisomy. Haɗarin yana ƙaruwa yayin da mace ta tsufa.
• Kun sake samun wani jaririn da ke da cutar chromosome.
• Dan tayi tayi ba tayi kyau ba.
• Sauran sakamakon gwajin haihuwa basu kasance na al'ada ba.

Wasu masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya suna ba da shawarar dubawa ga duk mata masu juna biyu. Wannan saboda binciken kusan ba shi da haɗari kuma yana da ƙimar daidaito sosai idan aka kwatanta da sauran gwaje-gwajen gwajin haihuwa.

Ku da mai kula da lafiyar ku yakamata ku tattauna idan binciken cfDNA yayi muku daidai.

Menene ya faru yayin gwajin cfDNA na haihuwa?

Kwararren masanin kiwon lafiya zai dauki samfurin jini daga jijiyar hannunka, ta amfani da karamin allura. Bayan an saka allurar, za a tara karamin jini a cikin bututun gwaji ko kwalba. Kuna iya jin ɗan kaɗan lokacin da allurar ta shiga ko fita. Wannan yawanci yakan dauki kasa da minti biyar.

Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa wannan gwajin?

Kuna iya yin magana da mai ba da shawara kan kwayoyin halitta kafin a gwada ku. Mai ba da shawara kan kwayar halitta kwararren kwararren masani ne a fannin ilimin kwayoyin halitta da gwajin kwayoyin halitta. Shi ko ita na iya yin bayanin sakamako mai yiwuwa da abin da suke nufi a gare ku da jaririn ku.

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?

Babu wata haɗari ga jaririn da ke cikin ciki kuma ƙananan haɗari ne a gare ku. Kuna iya samun ɗan ciwo ko rauni a wurin da aka sanya allurar, amma yawancin alamun suna tafi da sauri.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Idan sakamakonka ya kasance mara kyau, da wuya cewa jaririnka yana da ciwon Down ko kuma wata cuta ta tashin hankali. Idan sakamakonku ya kasance tabbatacce, yana nufin akwai ƙarin haɗari cewa jaririnku yana da ɗayan waɗannan matsalolin. Amma ba zai iya gaya muku tabbatacce idan jaririn ya kamu da cutar ba. Don ƙarin tabbatarwar cutar za ku buƙaci wasu gwaje-gwaje, kamar amniocentesis da chorionic villus Sampling (CVS). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen galibi hanyoyin lafiya ne, amma suna da haɗarin haifar da ɓarin ciki.

Idan kuna da tambayoyi game da sakamakonku, yi magana da mai ba ku kula da lafiya da / ko mai ba da shawara kan kwayoyin halitta.

Learnara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, jeri na tunani, da fahimtar sakamako.

Shin akwai wani abin da ya kamata in sani game da gwajin cfDNA na haihuwa?

Binciken cfDNA ba daidai bane a cikin matan da suke da juna biyu da fiye da ɗaya (tagwaye, trian uku, ko fiye).

Bayani

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9. Downungiyar Downungiyar Ciwon Downasa ta Kasa [Intanet] .Washington DC: Societyungiyar Downungiyar Ciwon Downasa ta Kasa; c2019. Fahimtar Ciwon Cutar Ciwon Cutar Down Down; [wanda aka ambata 2019 Nuwamba 1]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.ndss.org/resources/understanding-a-diagnosis-of-down-syndrome
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Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.