Fibrosis na huhu

Wadatacce

• Menene alamun cututtukan fuka da huhu?
• Menene ke haifar da fibrosis na huhu?
• Autoimmune cututtuka
• Cututtuka
• Bayyanar muhalli
• Magunguna
• Idiopathic
• Halittar jini
• Wanene ke cikin haɗarin ciwon huhu na huhu?
• Ta yaya ake bincikar cutar huhu na huhu?
• Yaya ake magance fibroson huhu?
• Menene hangen nesan mutanen da ke fama da cutar fibrosis?
• Nasihu don rigakafin

Pulmonary fibrosis yanayi ne da ke haifar da tabon huhu da taurin kai. Wannan yana sa wahalar numfashi. Zai iya hana jikinka samun isashshen oxygen kuma a ƙarshe zai iya haifar da gazawar numfashi, gazawar zuciya, ko wasu matsaloli.

Masu bincike a halin yanzu sun yi imanin cewa haɗuwa da haɗuwa da cutar huhu kamar wasu sinadarai, shan sigari, da cututtuka, tare da ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma tsarin garkuwar jiki, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin fibrosis na huhu.

An taɓa tunanin cewa kumburi ne ya haifar da yanayin. Yanzu masana kimiyya sunyi imani cewa akwai wata hanyar warkarwa mara kyau a cikin huhu wanda ke haifar da tabo. Samuwar babban tabon huhu daga baya ya zama fibrosis na huhu.

Menene alamun cututtukan fuka da huhu?

Kuna iya samun fibrosis na huhu na wani lokaci ba tare da wata alama ba. Ofarancin numfashi yawanci alama ce ta farko da ke tasowa.

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• bushe, hacking tari wanda ke ci gaba (dogon lokaci)
• rauni
• gajiya
• lankwasa farce, wanda ake kira kwancen kafa
• asarar nauyi
• rashin jin kirji

Tunda yanayin gabaɗaya yana shafar tsofaffi, yawancin alamun cutar da farko ba a raba su zuwa shekaru ko rashin motsa jiki.

Kwayar cututtukanku na iya zama kamar ƙananan a farko da ci gaba a kan lokaci. Kwayar cutar na iya bambanta daga mutum ɗaya zuwa wani. Wasu mutanen da suke fama da huhu na huhu suna saurin yin rashin lafiya.

Menene ke haifar da fibrosis na huhu?

Ana iya raba dalilan sanadin fibrosis na huhu zuwa fannoni da yawa:

• cututtuka na autoimmune
• cututtuka
• bayyanar da muhalli
• magunguna
• idiopathic (ba a sani ba)
• halittar jini

Autoimmune cututtuka

Cututtuka na autoimmune suna sa garkuwar jikinka ta afkawa kanta. Yanayin autoimmune wanda zai iya haifar da fibrosis na huhu sun hada da:

• rheumatoid amosanin gabbai
• lupus erythematosus, wanda aka fi sani da lupus
• scleroderma
• polymyositis
• dermatomyositis
• cutar vasculitis

Cututtuka

Nau'ikan cututtuka masu zuwa na iya haifar da fibrosis na huhu:

• cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta
• ƙwayoyin cuta, sakamakon cutar hepatitis C, adenovirus, herpes virus, da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta

Bayyanar muhalli

Bayyanar da abubuwa ga muhalli ko wurin aiki na iya taimakawa ga fibrosis na huhu. Misali, hayakin taba yana dauke da sinadarai da yawa wadanda zasu iya lalata huhunka kuma su haifar da wannan yanayin.

Sauran abubuwan da zasu iya lalata huhun ka sun haɗa da:

• zaren asbestos
• ƙurar hatsi
• kura silica
• wasu gas
• haskakawa

Magunguna

Wasu magunguna na iya haɓaka haɗarin kamuwa da cutar fibrosis na huhu. Idan ka ɗauki ɗayan waɗannan magunguna akai-akai, zaka iya buƙatar kulawa ta kusa da likitanka.

• chemotherapy magunguna, kamar cyclophosphamide
• maganin rigakafi, irin su nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) da sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
• cututtukan zuciya, kamar amiodarone (Nexterone)
• ilmin likitanci kamar adalimumab (Humira) ko kuma tsaran tsaraba (Enbrel)

Idiopathic

A cikin lamura da yawa, ba a san hakikanin abin da ya sa cutar huhu ta huhu. Lokacin da wannan lamarin yake, ana kiran yanayin idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Dangane da Lungiyar huhu ta Amurka, yawancin mutane da ke fama da cutar fuka da huhu suna da IPF.

Halittar jini

A cewar Gidauniyar Pibmonary Fibrosis Foundation, kimanin kashi 3 zuwa 20 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke da cutar ta IPF suna da wani dangin su da ke dauke da cutar fibrosis. A waɗannan yanayin, an san shi da sanyin ƙwayar huhu na iyali ko ciwon huhu na tsakanin iyali.

Masu binciken sun alakanta wasu kwayoyin halittar da yanayin, kuma bincike game da irin rawar da kwayar halitta ke takawa na gudana.

Wanene ke cikin haɗarin ciwon huhu na huhu?

Da alama za a iya bincikar ku da fibrosis na huhu idan kun:

• maza ne
• suna tsakanin shekaru 40 zuwa 70
• yi tarihin shan taba
• suna da tarihin iyali na yanayin
• samun rashin lafiyar jiki wanda ke da alaƙa da yanayin
• sun sha wasu magunguna masu alaƙa da cutar
• sun yi maganin cutar kansa, musamman rawanin kirji
• aiki a cikin wata sana'a wacce ke tattare da haɗarin haɗari, kamar su haƙar ma'adinai, noma, ko gini

Ta yaya ake bincikar cutar huhu na huhu?

Fibrosis na huhu yana daga cikin nau'ikan cututtukan huhu sama da 200 da suke wanzu. Saboda akwai nau'ikan cututtukan huhu da yawa, likitanku na iya samun wahalar ganowa cewa huhu na huhu shine sababin alamunku.

A cikin binciken da Gidauniyar Fibrosis ta Pulmonary, kashi 55 na masu amsa sun ba da rahoton cewa ba a gano su ba a wani lokaci. Mafi kuskuren ganewar cutar sune asma, ciwon huhu, da cutar mashako.

Amfani da mafi yawan jagororin yanzu, an kiyasta cewa 2 cikin 3 marasa lafiya da ke fama da huhu na huhu yanzu za a iya bincikar su da kyau ba tare da biopsy ba.

Ta hanyar hada bayanan asibiti da kuma sakamakon wani irin CT scan na kirji, likitanku zai iya gano muku daidai.

A cikin yanayin lokacin da ganewar asali ba ta da tabbas, samfurin nama, ko biopsy, na iya zama dole.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yin tiyata na huhu, don haka likitanku zai ba da shawarar wane tsari ne ya fi muku.

Hakanan likitan ku na iya amfani da wasu kayan aikin daban don bincikar maganin huhu na huhu ko hana wasu yanayi. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• bugun jini, gwajin mara yaduwa na matakan oxygen dinka
• gwaje-gwajen jini don neman cututtukan autoimmune, cututtuka, da ƙarancin jini
• gwajin gas na jijiyoyin jini don ƙarin daidaita matakan oxygen a cikin jinin ku
• samfurin sputum don bincika alamun kamuwa da cuta
• gwajin huhu don auna karfin huhun ku
• echocardiogram ko gwajin damuwa na zuciya don ganin idan matsalar zuciya tana haifar da alamunku

Yaya ake magance fibroson huhu?

Likitanku ba zai iya kawar da tabon huhu ba, amma za su iya rubuta magunguna don taimakawa inganta numfashin ku da kuma rage ci gaban cutar.

Magungunan da ke ƙasa wasu misalai ne na zaɓuɓɓukan yanzu da ake amfani da su don gudanar da cutar fibrosis na huhu:

• ƙarin oxygen
• prednisone don kawar da tsarin rigakafin ku kuma rage kumburi
• azathioprine (Imuran) ko mycophenolate (CellCept) don hana tsarin garkuwar ku
• pirfenidone (Esbriet) ko nintedanib (Ofev), magungunan antifibrotic waɗanda ke toshe tsarin ɓarna a cikin huhu

Hakanan likitan ku na iya bayar da shawarar a gyara aikin huhu. Wannan magani ya ƙunshi shirin motsa jiki, ilimi, da tallafi don taimaka muku koyon yadda ake numfashi cikin sauƙi.

Hakanan likitanku na iya ƙarfafa ku don yin canje-canje ga salonku. Waɗannan canje-canje na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Ya kamata ku guji shan taba sigari kuma ku ɗauki matakan daina idan kun sha taba. Wannan na iya taimakawa jinkirin ci gaban cutar da sauƙaƙe numfashin ku.
• Ku ci abinci mai kyau.
• Bi tsarin motsa jiki da aka haɓaka tare da jagorancin likitanku.
• Samun isasshen hutu kuma guji yawan damuwa.

Ana iya bada shawarar dashen huhu ga waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 65 da ke fama da cuta mai tsanani.

Menene hangen nesan mutanen da ke fama da cutar fibrosis?

Adadin da fibrosis na huhu yake yiwa huhun mutane ya bambanta. Rashin tabo ba zai sake juyawa ba, amma likitanku na iya ba da shawarar jiyya don rage ƙimar da yanayin ku ke ci gaba.

Yanayin na iya haifar da matsaloli da dama, gami da matsalar numfashi. Wannan yana faruwa yayin da huhunka ya daina aiki da kyau kuma ba za su iya samun isasshen oxygen zuwa jinin ka ba.

Fibrosis na huhu kuma yana kara haɗarin cutar kansa ta huhu.

Nasihu don rigakafin

Wasu lokuta na fibrosis na huhu bazai yuwu ba. Sauran lamuran suna da alaƙa da abubuwan haɗarin muhalli da halayyar da za a iya sarrafawa. Bi waɗannan shawarwarin don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar:

• Guji shan taba.
• Guji shan taba sigari.
• Sanya abin rufe fuska ko wata na’ura mai numfashi idan kana aiki a wani yanayi mai dauke da sinadarai masu cutarwa.

Idan kana fuskantar matsalar numfashi, yi alƙawari tare da likitanka. Ganewar asali da magani na iya inganta hangen nesa na dogon lokaci ga mutanen da ke da cututtukan huhu da yawa, gami da fibrosis na huhu.