Statins: Amfani, Gurbin, da Moreari

Wadatacce

• Waye zai iya ɗaukar su
• Yadda suke aiki
• Fa'idodi
• Nau'in statins
• Haɗarin haɗari da sakamako masu illa
• Lalacewar tsoka
• Lalacewar hanta
• Riskarin haɗarin ciwon sukari
• Yi magana da likitanka
• Tambaya da Amsa
• Tambaya:
• A:

Menene statins?

Statins rukuni ne na magungunan da ake amfani dasu don magance babban cholesterol. Suna aiki ne ta hanyar rage matakan cholesterol a cikin jininka, musamman ƙananan lipoprotein (LDL) ko “mummunan” cholesterol.

Mutanen da ke da babban LDL cholesterol suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya. Tare da wannan yanayin, cholesterol yana tashi a jijiyoyin ku kuma zai iya haifar da angina, ciwon zuciya, ko bugun jini. Don haka, statins na iya zama mahimmanci a rage waɗannan haɗarin.

Waye zai iya ɗaukar su

Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar statins ga wasu mutane. Ku da likitanku ya kamata kuyi la'akari da statins a gare ku idan kun:

• da matakin LDL cholesterol na 190 mg / dL ko mafi girma
• riga yana da cututtukan zuciya
• suna da shekaru 40-75 kuma suna da haɗarin cutar cututtukan zuciya a cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa
• suna da ciwon sukari, suna da shekaru 40-75, kuma suna da matakin LDL tsakanin 70 da 189 mg / dL

Yadda suke aiki

A zahiri jikinku yana buƙatar wasu cholesterol don aiki da kyau. Jikinka yana samun cholesterol ta hanyar cin wasu abinci da kuma sanya shi a cikin hanta. Koyaya, haɗari suna faruwa yayin matakan cholesterol sun yi yawa. Statins suna aiki don rage matakan cholesterol a jikinku.

Statins suna yin hakan ne ta hanyar toshe fitowar jikinku na enzyme da ake kira HMG-CoA reductase. Wannan shine enzyme da hanta ke buƙata don yin cholesterol. Toshe wannan enzyme yana sanya hanta yin karancin cholesterol, wanda hakan yana rage maka yawan cholesterol.

Hakanan Statins suna aiki ta hanyar sauƙaƙa wa jikinka ɗaukar cholesterol wanda tuni an gina shi a jijiyoyinka.

Fa'idodi

Akwai fa'idodi da yawa na gaske don shan ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma ga mutane da yawa, waɗannan fa'idodin sun fi haɗarin haɗarin magunguna ƙwaya.

Gwajin gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa statins na iya rage matakan LDL cholesterol ta kusan kashi 50. Statins na iya rage haɗarin bugun zuciya da bugun jini. Bugu da kari, a shekara ta 2010 ya nuna cewa statins suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage matakan triglyceride da kuma daukaka HDL (mai kyau) cholesterol.

Statins suna da abubuwan kare kumburi waɗanda ke tasiri tasoshin jini, zuciya, da kwakwalwa. Hakanan wannan tasirin na iya rage haɗarin daskarewar jini, ciwon zuciya, da bugun jini.

Wadannan kwayoyi na iya taimakawa rage damar kin amincewa bayan dashen wani abu, a cewar wata kasida a Jaridar Magungunan Gwaji. Koyaya, ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike a cikin wannan yanki.

Nau'in statins

Akwai wadatar ƙididdiga a ƙarƙashin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan jigilar mutane da sunayen iri, gami da

• atrevastatin (Lipitor, Tashar wutar)
• fluvastatin (Lescol)
• lovastatin (Mevacor, Altocor, Altopreva)
• pitavastatin (Livalo, Pitava)
• farashi (Pravachol, Selektine)
• rosuvastatin (Crestor)
• simvastatin (Lipex, Zocor)

Wasu magungunan hadewa suma suna dauke da sinadarai. Daga cikinsu akwai:

• amlodipine / atorvastatin (Caduet)
• ezetimibe / simvastatin (Vytorin)

Haɗarin haɗari da sakamako masu illa

Mutanen da suke shan statins ya kamata su guje wa 'ya'yan inabi. Aba Graa na iya yin hulɗa tare da wasu yanayin kuma yana haifar da illa mai lalacewa. Wannan gaskiya ne tare da lovastatin da simvastatin. Tabbatar karanta kashedin da yazo da magungunan ku. Idan kana da tambayoyi, yi magana da likitanka ko likitan magunguna. Hakanan zaka iya karanta ƙarin game da itacen inabi da statins.

Yawancin mutane na iya ɗaukar statins ba tare da sakamako masu illa da yawa ba, amma illolin na iya faruwa. Yana da wuya a ce idan wani nau'in statin zai haifar da sakamako mai illa fiye da wani. Idan kuna da tasiri na gaba, likitanku na iya iya daidaita sashin ku ko bayar da shawarar wani yanayi daban.

Wasu daga cikin cututtukan da suka fi dacewa na statins sun haɗa da:

• maƙarƙashiya
• gudawa
• tashin zuciya

Wadannan illolin na gaba daya masu sauki ne. Koyaya, statins na iya haifar da mummunar illa. Wadannan sun hada da:

Lalacewar tsoka

Statins na iya haifar da ciwon tsoka, musamman a cikin allurai masu yawa. A cikin al'amuran da ba safai ba, har ma suna iya sa ƙwayoyin tsoka su lalace. Lokacin da hakan ta faru, ƙwayoyin tsoka suna sakin furotin da ake kira myoglobin a cikin jini. Ana kiran wannan yanayin rhabdomyolysis. Yana iya haifar da mummunan lahani ga ƙodar ka. Haɗarin wannan yanayin ya fi girma idan kun ɗauki wasu magunguna tare da statins, musamman lovastatin ko simvastatin. Wadannan sauran magunguna sun hada da:

• wasu maganin rigakafi irin su itraconazole da ketoconazole
• cyclosporine (Restasis, Sandimmune)
• erythromycin (E.S, Erythrocin Stearate, da sauransu)
• gemfibrozil (Lopid)
• Nefazodone (Serzone)
• niacin (Niacor, Niaspan)

Lalacewar hanta

Lalacewar hanta wani mawuyacin sakamako ne mai illa na maganin statin. Alamar lalacewar hanta shine haɓakar enzymes na hanta. Kafin ka fara shan maganin, likitanka zai iya yin gwajin aikin hanta don bincika hanta enzymes. Suna iya maimaita gwaje-gwajen idan kun nuna alamun matsalolin hanta yayin shan magani. Wadannan alamomin na iya hada da cutar jaundice (raunin fata da farin idanunka), fitsari mai duhu, da zafi a bangaren dama na ciki.

Riskarin haɗarin ciwon sukari

Statins na iya haifar da matakan glucose (sukari) a cikin jininka su hauhawa. Wannan yana haifar da ƙarin ƙaruwa a cikin haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2. Idan kun damu game da wannan haɗarin, yi magana da likitan ku.

Yi magana da likitanka

Aaukar statin yayin bin tsarin cin abinci mai kyau da kuma motsa jiki a kai a kai hanya ce mai kyau ga mutane da yawa don rage matakan cholesterol. Idan kana da babban ƙwayar cholesterol, tambayi likitanka idan wani ƙwayar zai iya zama mai kyau a gare ku. Tambayoyin da zaku iya tambayar likitanku sun haɗa da:

• Shin ina shan wasu magunguna da za su iya hulɗa da wani yanayin?
• Waɗanne fa'idodi kuke tsammanin statin zai iya samar min?
• Kuna da shawarwarin abinci da motsa jiki waɗanda zasu iya taimaka min rage cholesterol?

Tambaya da Amsa

Tambaya:

Shin yana da lafiya a yi amfani da statins da giya tare?

Mara lafiya mara kyau

A:

Idan kana shan wani abu, tabbatar ka yi magana da likitanka game da ko lafiyarka shan giya. Idan kuna shan matsakaiciyar giya kuma kuna da ƙoshin lafiya hanta, da alama zai iya zama muku aminci ku yi amfani da giya da statins tare.

Babban damuwa game da shan barasa da amfani da sinadarin yana zuwa ne idan kun sha sau da yawa ko kuma kuka sha da yawa, ko kuma idan kuna da cutar hanta. A waɗancan lokuta, haɗuwar shan barasa da amfani da ƙirar na iya zama haɗari kuma zai haifar da mummunar cutar hanta. Idan kun sha ko kuna da cutar hanta, tabbas ku tambayi likitanku game da haɗarinku.

Teamungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Lafiya da Amsa suna wakiltar ra'ayoyin ƙwararrun likitocinmu. Duk abubuwan da ke ciki cikakkun bayanai ne kuma bai kamata a ɗauki shawarar likita ba.