Babban nau'in cutar rashin jini da yadda ake magance ta

Wadatacce

• 1. Macrocytic anemias
• Karancin jini na Megaloblastic
• Fanconi anemia
• Anemia mai ciwo
• 2. Microcytic anemias
• Karancin karancin baƙin ƙarfe
• Thalassaemia
• 3. Normocytic anemias
• Anaemia mai raunin jini
• Cutar Sikila
• Ruwan jini

Anemia cuta ce da ke alaƙa da raguwar haemoglobin a cikin jini, wanda ke iya haifar da dalilai da yawa, daga canjin halittar ɗan adam zuwa rashin cin abinci. Don ganowa da tabbatar da ganewar cutar rashin jini, likita yawanci yakan ba da umarnin gwajin jini don tantance yawan haemoglobin, ana ɗauka rashin jini yayin da ƙimar take ƙasa da 12 g / dL cikin mata ko 13 g / dL a cikin maza.

Bayan haka, yana iya zama dole a yi wasu gwaje-gwaje, kamar su haemoglobin electrophoresis, reticulocyte count ko stool test, don gano ainihin nau'in rashin jini, da kuma fara maganin da ya dace. Duk cutar rashin lafiyar mutum, yana da mahimmanci a fara magani, saboda yana yiwuwa a rage haɗarin haifar da rikice-rikicen da ke haifar da lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar da ba za a iya magancewa ba, kamar lalata, bugun jini da matsalolin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, misali.

Dangane da halaye na karancin jini da sakamakon gwajin jini, ana iya rarraba karancin jini a cikin wasu manyan nau'ikan, wato:

1. Macrocytic anemias

Macrocytic anemias sune wadanda erythrocytes suka fi girma fiye da yadda aka saba, yawanci ana gani a gwajin VCM (Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Tsarin Jiki) sama da ƙimar magana, wanda yake tsakanin 80 da 100 fl. Babban nau'in macrocytic anemias sune:

Karancin jini na Megaloblastic

Nau'i ne na rashin jini wanda yake da alamun rashin daidaiton ƙwayar jajayen jini da raguwar fararen ƙwayoyin jini da na platelet, wanda ya samo asali ne daga ƙarancin bitamin B12, wanda aka fi sani da masu cin ganyayyaki. Baya ga alamomin gargajiya, ƙila za a sami ciwo a cikin ciki, zubewar gashi, gajiya da ciwon baki, misali.

Yadda za a bi da: yawan cin abinci tare da bitamin B12, kamar su kawa, kifin kifi da hanta steak ko amfani da sinadarin bitamin B12, wanda aka siya a shagon magani. Fahimci mafi kyau yadda ake kula da cutar karancin jini.

Fanconi anemia

Wani nau'in kwayar cutar karancin jini ne wanda ke da girman girman ƙwayoyin jinin jini da raguwar fararen ƙwayoyin jini da platelets, wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin bitamin B12. Kwayar cutar sun hada da ciwo a cikin ciki, zubewar gashi, kasala da ciwon baki, misali.

Yadda za a bi da: yawanci ana farawa da magani tare da amfani da corticosteroids, amma yana iya zama dole don yin ƙarin jini har ma da dashen ɓarna, a cikin mawuyacin yanayi. Ara koyo game da nau'ikan maganin.

Anemia mai ciwo

Pernicious anemia wani nau’i ne na karancin jini wanda ke faruwa yayin da mutum ya sha bitamin B12, amma jiki ya kasa shanyewa, wanda hakan na iya haifar da mummunar illa ga jijiyoyin jiki idan ba a sami maganin da ya dace ba.

Yadda za a bi da: saboda wahalar shanye bitamin B12, ya kamata ayi magani tare da allurar bitamin kai tsaye cikin jijiya cikin shekara. Gano yadda za a gano da kuma magance cutar rashin jini mai cutarwa.

Learnara koyo game da cutar ƙarancin jini a cikin bidiyo mai zuwa:

2. Microcytic anemias

Microcytic anemias sune wadanda erythrocytes suke karami fiye da yadda suke, tare da raguwar CMV da haemoglobin a cikin erythrocytes. Babban microemitic anemias sune:

Karancin karancin baƙin ƙarfe

Yana daya daga cikin nau'ikan cutar karancin jini, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon karancin abinci mai dauke da sinadarin iron, kamar jan nama, kwai ko alayyaho. Koyaya, wannan nau'in karancin jini yana iya tashi bayan zub da jini ko haila mai tsanani, saboda asarar baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jini.

Yadda za a bi da: yawanci ana shan shi tare da abinci mai wadataccen abinci tare da ƙarfe da ƙarin ƙarfe. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi ne kawai ya zama dole a ƙara jini. Learnara koyo game da maganin cutar karancin ƙarfe.

Thalassaemia

Thalassemia wani nau'in kwayar cutar microcytic anemia da aka samu sakamakon canjin kwayar halitta wacce ke haifar da lahani a cikin tsarin hada sinadarin haemoglobin, wanda ke haifar da gajiya, saurin fushi, koma bayan ci gaba, rashin cin abinci da kuma raunana garkuwar jiki, misali.

Ana iya rarraba Thalassaemiya zuwa wasu nau'ikan bisa ga sarkar haemoglobin wacce ta sami nakasu a ci gabanta, wanda hakan na iya haifar da alamun da mutum ya gabatar ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa. Koyi yadda ake gano kowane nau'in thalassaemia.

Yadda za a bi da: yana da mahimmanci a gano wane nau'in thalassaemia ne don magani ya fara don haka ya hana ci gaban cutar. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci a samar da wadataccen abinci don inganta rayuwar da tabbatar da jin daɗin rayuwa.

3. Normocytic anemias

Normocytic anemias sune waɗanda girman girman jinin jini yake na al'ada, sakamakon VCM da HCM suna kusa da iyakar al'ada ko nuna ɗan bambanci dangane da ƙimar al'ada. Babban nau'in cutar karancin jini na normocytic shine:

Anaemia mai raunin jini

Irin wannan karancin jini yana samar da kwayoyi masu lalata kwayoyin jini. Ya fi faruwa ga mata fiye da na maza kuma yana haifar da alamomi irin su plorlor, dizziness, purple purple a jikin fata, bushewar fata da idanu da sauransu. Duba sauran alamomin wannan nau'in cutar karancin jini.

Yadda za a bi da: an yi sa'a, wannan karancin jini ana iya warkewa kuma ana iya samun sa tare da amfani da corticosteroids ko magungunan rigakafi. A wasu lokuta, yana iya zama dole a yi tiyata don cire wani ɓangare na saifa.

Cutar Sikila

Cutar ƙarancin jini ce sakamakon lalacewar jajayen ƙwayoyin jini wanda ke haifar da alamomi irin su jaundice, kumburi a hannu da ƙafafu da ciwo a cikin jiki duka.

Yadda za a bi da: ana yin magani tare da magunguna don sauƙaƙe alamomin kowane mutum, tunda babu wani magani da zai iya warkar da irin wannan cutar ta rashin jini.

Ruwan jini

Cuta ce ta autoimmune inda ƙashin ƙashi ke jinkirta samar da ƙwayoyin jini, yana haifar da alamomi kamar ƙuraje kan fata, yawan cushewa da zubar jini wanda ke ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don tsayawa.

Yadda za a bi da: ana yin maganinta tare da dashen qashi da qarin jini, idan ba ayi magani yadda ya kamata ba, zai iya haifar da mutuwa a kasa da shekara 1.