Nau'oin hanta: Babban alamomin cutar da yadda ake yada ta

Wadatacce

• Ciwon hanta A
• Ciwon hanta na B
• Ciwon hanta C
• Ciwon hanta D
• Ciwon hanta E
• Ciwon hanta F
• Ciwon hanta G
• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Ciwan Hanta
• Ciwon Hanta
• Yadda ake gano cutar hepatitis

Hepatitis wani kumburi ne na hanta da ya haifar, a mafi yawan lokuta, ta ƙwayoyin cuta, amma kuma yana iya zama sakamakon amfani da ƙwayoyi ko amsawar jiki, ana kiran shi hepatitis na autoimmune.

Nau'o'in hanta daban-daban sune: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, hepatitis na autoimmune, hepatitis na miyagun ƙwayoyi da kuma cutar hepatitis mai ɗorewa. Ba tare da yin la’akari da nau’in cutar hanta ba, yana da mahimmanci a yi bincike a matakin farko na cutar don kaucewa ci gaban cutar da kuma bukatar dashen hanta.

Ciwon hanta A

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Mafi yawan lokuta, ciwon hanta na A yana gabatar da alamun rashin lafiya, wanda ke tattare da gajiya, rauni, rage ci da ciwo a ɓangaren ciki, amma wani yanayi na cikakkiyar cutar hepatitis na iya faruwa. Mutanen da suka riga sun kamu da ciwon hanta na A suna da rigakafi ga irin wannan ciwon hanta, amma, ya kasance mai saukin kamuwa da wasu nau'ikan.

Yadda ake yada ta: Ana yada kwayar cutar hepatitis A ta hanyar mu'amala da gurbataccen ruwa ko abinci. Koyi yadda zaka kiyaye hepatitis.

Abin da za a yi: Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye tsafta yayin cin abinci da shirya abinci, don kaucewa mu'amala da kwayar cutar hepatitis A. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci a guji raba buroshin hakori da kayan yanka da kuma gujewa saduwa ta kusa ba tare da kariya ba (ba tare da kwaroron roba ba).

Ciwon hanta na B

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Hepatitis B na iya zama asymptomatic, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar magani don hana ci gaban cutar da ciwan hanta. A cikin al'amuran bayyanar cututtuka, na iya zama jiri, ƙananan zazzaɓi, ciwon haɗin gwiwa da ciwon ciki. Gano menene alamun farko na 4 na cutar hanta B

Yadda ake yada ta: Ana kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B ta hanyar mu'amala da gurbataccen jini ko abubuwan sirri, kamar karin jini, raba sirinji da allurai da kuma jima'i ba tare da kariya ba, galibi, wanda ke sa cutar hepatitis B ta zama Cutar Saduwa da Jima'i (STI).

Abin da za a yi:Hanya mafi kyau ta rigakafin cutar hepatitis B ita ce ta rigakafin yayin da yake cikin dakin haihuwa, don haka yaro ya samar da rigakafin wannan kwayar. Idan babban mutum bai karɓi rigakafin ba tun yana ƙarami, yana da muhimmanci a nemi asibitin lafiya don gudanar da allurar. Har ila yau, ya zama dole kada a yi jima'i ba tare da kiyayewa ba kuma a mai da hankali ga yanayin tsabtace jiki a cikin farce, zane-zane da huji, ban da raba sirinji da allura.

Ciwon hanta C

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: A mafi yawan lokuta, alamomin cutar hepatitis C suna bayyana tsakanin watanni 2 zuwa 2 bayan saduwa da kwayar, manyan sune fata mai launin rawaya, fitsari mai duhu, ciwon ciki da rashin ci. San wasu alamomin cutar hanta C.

Yadda ake yada ta: Hepatitis C cuta ce ta hanta da ke faruwa ta hanyar taɓa jini ko ɓoyayyun ɓoyayyun ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke warkewa idan aka gano shi da wuri kuma aka fara magani da sauri. Idan ba a kula da shi ba, hepatitis C na iya ci gaba zuwa hepatitis na yau da kullun, wanda ke haifar da cirrhosis ko gazawar hanta.

Abin da za a yi: Da zaran alamomin farko na cutar hanta C suka bayyana, ana ba da shawarar a je ga mai ba da magani ko likitan hanta don a iya rufe ganewarma da maganin da aka fara. Yawancin lokaci ana bada shawarar maganin tare da antivirals na tsawon watanni 6.

Ciwon hanta D

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Irin wannan ciwon hanta na iya zama mai cutar asymptomatic, mai nuna alama ko mai tsananin ciwo bisa gwargwadon shigar hanta da kwayar cutar. Sanin alamomin cutar hanta.

Yadda ake yada ta: Hepatitis D, wanda kuma ake kira Delta hepatitis, cuta ce da za a iya yada ta ta hanyar taɓa fata da ƙura da ƙwayar cuta, ta hanyar jima'i ba tare da kariya ba ko raba allura da sirinji. Kwayar hepatitis D ta dogara da kwayar hepatitis B don yin ta kuma haifar da cuta. Idan ba a kula da shi ba, zai iya haifar da cikakkiyar cutar hanta, wanda ke da mummunan kumburi na hanta wanda ke iya ci gaba zuwa mutuwa.

Abin da za a yi: Rigakafin cutar hepatitis D na faruwa ne ta hanyar allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B, tunda kwayar hepatitis D ta dogara da kwayar hepatitis B da za ta kwafa.

Ciwon hanta E

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Cutar hepatitis E yawanci bata da matsala, musamman ga yara, amma idan alamomin suka bayyana, manyan sune rashin zazzabi, ciwon ciki da kuma fitsarin duhu.

Yadda ake yada ta: Cutar hepatitis E ana daukar ta ne ta hanyar shan gurbataccen ruwa ko abinci ko mu'amala da najasa da fitsarin mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar. Wannan cuta galibi tana faruwa ne a ɓarkewar cuta saboda rashin tsabta ko kuma rashin tsafta.

Abin da za a yi: Babu wata allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis E kuma magani ya ƙunshi hutawa, ƙoshin ruwa, abinci mai kyau da guje wa amfani da magunguna ko shan giya.

Ciwon hanta F

Hepatitis F ana ɗauke da rukuni na hepatitis C, duk da haka kwayar cutar da ke haifar da wannan ciwon hanta ba a gano shi ba kuma, sabili da haka, wannan nau'in hepatitis ɗin bai dace ba. An tabbatar da hepatitis F a cikin birai a dakin gwaje-gwaje, amma babu rahoton mutanen da suka kamu da wannan ƙwayar cutar.

Ciwon hanta G

Yadda ake yada ta: Hepatitis G yana faruwa ne ta kwayar cutar hepatitis G wanda galibi akan same shi ga mutanen da suka kamu da cutar hepatitis B, hepatitis C ko HIV. Ana iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar saduwa ba tare da kwaroron roba ba, karin jini ko daga uwa zuwa ga danta ta hanyar isarwa ta yau da kullun.

Abin da za a yi: Maganin wannan nau'in ciwon hanta har yanzu ba a tabbatar da shi sosai ba, tunda ba shi da alaƙa da al'amuran da suka shafi cutar hanta ko buƙatar dashen hanta, duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci a tuntuɓi likitan hanta ko likitan cutar don kyakkyawan jagoranci.

Kalli bidiyo mai zuwa, tattaunawar tsakanin masanin abinci mai gina jiki Tatiana Zanin da Dr. Drauzio Varella game da yadda za a iya kiyayewa da magance wasu nau'oin ciwon hanta:

Autoimmune hepatitis

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Alamomin cutar hanta na faruwa a sakamakon lalacewar tsarin garkuwar jiki, wanda ke haifar da ciwon ciki, fata mai launin rawaya da jiri. Duba yadda ake gano cutar hanta ta autoimmune.

Kamar yadda yake faruwa: Cutar hepatitis ta autoimmune cuta ce ta kwayar halitta wacce jiki ke samar da ƙwayoyin cuta akan ƙwayoyin hanta wanda ke haifar da ci gaban su. A matsakaita, marasa lafiya da suka kamu da cutar hepatitis wanda ba su da kyau sun rage rayuwa.

Abin da za a yi: Da zaran alamomin farko suka bayyana, ya kamata a tuntubi masanin cututtukan hanta ko na jijiyoyin jiki don a fara ingantaccen magani. Yawancin lokaci ana yin jiyya tare da amfani da corticosteroids ko immunosuppressants. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci a kula da wadataccen abinci. Gano yadda ake yin abinci don cutar ciwon hanta.

Ciwan Hanta

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Alamomin cutar hepatitis mai magani iri daya ne da na kwayar cutar hepatitis, wato, amai, tashin zuciya, ciwon ciki, fitsari mai duhu da kuma wurin zama mai haske, misali.

Kamar yadda yake faruwa: Ana iya haifar da cutar hepatitis ta yawan wuce gona da iri ko kuma rashin isasshen shan magunguna, ta hanyar laulayin da mutum ke sha game da magani ko kuma guba na maganin. A wannan yanayin, hanta ba ta iya yin amfani da gubobi daga ƙwayoyi da kuma ƙonewa, suna haifar da alamun cutar hanta. Duba menene magungunan da zasu iya haifar da cutar hepatitis.

Abin da za a yi: Maganin ya kunshi daina shan magunguna ko sauyawa zuwa wasu wadanda basu da karfi ga hanta, koyaushe tare da shawarar likita.

Ciwon Hanta

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Wannan nau'in ciwon hanta yana tattare da gajiya, ciwon gaɓoɓi, zazzaɓi, rashin lafiya, rage ci da kuma ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

Kamar yadda yake faruwa: Cutar hepatitis na yau da kullun shine ƙonewar hanta wanda ya ɗauki sama da watanni 6 kuma yana iya haifar da cirrhosis ko gazawar hanta kuma, ya danganta da tsananin raunin, to sakewar hanta na iya zama dole.

Abin da za a yi: Maganin ciwon hanta na yau da kullun ya dogara da tsananin raunin kuma ana iya yin shi ta hanyar amfani da magunguna, kamar su corticosteroids har abada, ko kuma dasa dasawar hanta.

Yadda ake gano cutar hepatitis

Babban mai aikatawa, mai cutar ko kuma cutar hepatologist ne yake gano cutar hepatitis ta hanyar kimanta alamomin da mutum ya bayyana, ban da sakamakon hoto da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya nema.

Gwajin hoto irin su duban dan tayi na ciki da kirkirar hoto, misali, suna da nufin tantance tsari da mutuncin hanta. Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje sune wadanda akafi amfani dasu dan tabbatar da cutar hepatitis, saboda idan akwai rauni ko kumburi a cikin hanta saboda kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtukan cikin jiki ko yawan amfani da ƙwayoyi ko giya, akwai mafi yawan samar da enzymes na hanta, wato, yawan wadannan enzymes yana ƙaruwa a cikin jini, kuma za a iya amfani da natsuwarsu don nuna cutar hanta da matakin cutar.

Bugu da ƙari don tantance ƙididdigar hanta enzymes, don bambanta nau'in hepatitis, likita na iya buƙatar gwaje-gwajen serological don gano kasancewar antigens ko antibodies a kan wani ƙwayar cutar hepatitis, sannan kuma zai iya nuna nau'in hepatitis. Hepatitis. Gano wane gwaje-gwaje ne yake tantance hanta.