Alurar rigakafin tarin fuka (BCG): menene don ta kuma yaushe za a sha shi

Wadatacce

• Yadda ake gudanar dashi
• Kulawa da za'ayi bayan rigakafin
• Matsaloli masu yuwuwa
• Wanda bai kamata ya dauka ba
• Yaya tsawon lokacin kariya
• Shin allurar rigakafin BCG za ta iya kariya daga kwayar corona?

BCG allurar rigakafi ce da aka nuna akan tarin fuka kuma yawanci ana yin ta ne jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa kuma ana haɗa ta cikin jadawalin rigakafin yara. Wannan allurar ba ta hana kamuwa da cuta ko ci gaban cutar ba, amma tana hana ta ci gaba kuma tana hana, a mafi yawan lokuta, mafi munin nau'ikan cutar, kamar su tarin fuka miliary da tarin fuka da sankarau. Ara koyo game da tarin fuka

Alurar rigakafin BCG ta ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cuta daga Mycobacterium bovis(Bacillus Calmette-Guérin), wanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar da ta ragu kuma, saboda haka, yana taimakawa wajen motsa jiki, wanda ke haifar da samar da kwayoyi masu kariya daga wannan cuta, wanda za a kunna idan kwayoyin cutar suka shiga jiki.

Ma’aikatar Lafiya ta samar da allurar kyauta ne, kuma galibi ana yin ta ne a asibitin haihuwa ko kuma cibiyar lafiya jim kadan bayan haihuwa.

Yadda ake gudanar dashi

Alurar rigakafin ta BCG ya kamata a yi ta kai tsaye zuwa saman fata, ta likita, nas ko kuma ƙwararren masanin kiwon lafiya. Gabaɗaya, ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 12 shawarar da aka ba da shawarar ita ce 0.05 mL, kuma sama da shekaru 12 yana da 0.1 mL.

Ana amfani da wannan rigakafin koyaushe a hannun dama na yaro, kuma amsar allurar tana ɗaukar watanni 3 zuwa 6 kafin ya bayyana kuma ana lura da shi lokacin da ƙaramin ƙaramin ja ya bayyana a fatar, wanda ke zama ƙaramin miki kuma, a ƙarshe, tabo . Samun tabon ya nuna cewa allurar ta iya ta da rigakafin jaririn.

Kulawa da za'ayi bayan rigakafin

Bayan karbar allurar, yaro na iya samun rauni a wurin allurar. Domin samun waraka yayi daidai, ya kamata mutum ya guji rufe cutar, tsaftace wurin, rashin sanya kowane irin magani, ko sanya wurin.

Matsaloli masu yuwuwa

A ka'ida allurar rigakafin tarin fuka ba ta haifar da sakamako masu illa, ban da faruwar kumburi, ja da taushi a wurin allurar, wanda sannu a hankali yake canzawa zuwa karamin kumfa sannan kuma zuwa wani miki a kimanin makonni 2 zuwa 4.

Kodayake yana da wuya, a wasu yanayi, kumburin lymph node, ciwon tsoka da ciwo a wurin allurar na iya faruwa. Lokacin da waɗannan cututtukan suka bayyana, ana ba da shawarar zuwa likitan yara don a kimanta ɗan.

Wanda bai kamata ya dauka ba

Alurar riga kafi an hana ta ga yara kanana wadanda ba su isa haihuwa ba ko kuma wadanda nauyinsu bai kai kilogiram 2 ba, kuma ya zama dole a jira har sai jaririn ya kai kilogiram 2 kafin a yi allurar. Bugu da kari, mutanen da suke da wata matsala ga duk wani nau'I na maganin, tare da cututtukan da ake samu na haihuwa ko na rigakafi, kamar kamuwa da cuta ko kuma kanjamau, alal misali, bai kamata su sami allurar ba.

Yaya tsawon lokacin kariya

Tsawon lokacin kariya yana da canji. An san cewa yana ta raguwa tsawon shekaru, saboda rashin iya samar da isasshen ƙarfi mai ɗorewa na ɗakunan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Don haka, an san cewa kariya ta fi ta farkon shekaru 3 na rayuwa, amma babu wata hujja da ke nuna cewa kariya ta fi shekaru 15 girma.

Shin allurar rigakafin BCG za ta iya kariya daga kwayar corona?

A cewar WHO, babu wata hujja ta kimiyya da ta nuna cewa allurar ta BCG na iya kariya daga sabon kwayar ta corona, wacce ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar COVID-19. Koyaya, ana gudanar da bincike don fahimtar ko wannan alurar riga kafi na iya yin wani tasiri a kan sabon coronavirus.

Saboda karancin shaidu, WHO din ta bada shawarar allurar rigakafin ta BCG ne kawai ga kasashen da ke fuskantar barazanar kamuwa da tarin fuka.