Allurar rigakafin da ke kare cutar sankarau

Wadatacce

• Babban alluran rigakafin cutar sankarau
• 1. Alurar rigakafin cutar sankarau C
• 2. ACWY maganin rigakafin cutar sankarau
• 3. Alurar rigakafin cutar sankarau B
• 4. Pneumococcal conjugate maganin
• 5. Hada maganin rigakafi da Haemophilus mura b
• Lokacin da baza a sami waɗannan rigakafin ba

Ana iya haifar da cutar sankarau ta kananan kwayoyin cuta, don haka akwai alluran riga-kafi da ke taimakawa hana cutar sankarau ta sankarau Neisseria meningitidisserogroups A, B, C, W-135 da Y, pneumococcal meningitis wanda ya haifarS. ciwon huhu da sankarau sanadiyyarHaemophilus mura mura b.

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan rigakafin an riga an haɗa su cikin shirin rigakafin ƙasa, kamar su allurar rigakafin pentavalent, Pneumo10 da MeningoC. Duba alurar rigakafin da ke cikin kalandar rigakafin ƙasa.

Babban alluran rigakafin cutar sankarau

Don magance nau'o'in cutar sankarau, ana nuna alurar rigakafi masu zuwa:

1. Alurar rigakafin cutar sankarau C

Alurar rigakafin cutar meningococcal C an nuna ta don rigakafin aiki na yara daga watanni 2 da haihuwa, matasa da manya don rigakafin cutar sankarau da Neisseria meningitidis na serogroup C.

Yadda za a ɗauka:

Ga yara masu shekaru 2 zuwa shekara 1, sashin da aka ba da shawarar shine allurai biyu na 0.5 mL, ana gudanarwa aƙalla watanni 2 baya. Ga yara sama da watanni 12 da haihuwa, matasa da manya, sashin da aka ba da shawara shi ne kashi ɗaya na 0.5 mL.

Idan yaron ya karɓi cikakken allurar allurai biyu har zuwa watanni 12, ana ba da shawara cewa, lokacin da yaron ya girma, a sake karɓar wani kashi na allurar, wato a karɓi karin ƙarfi.

2. ACWY maganin rigakafin cutar sankarau

Ana nuna wannan rigakafin don yin rigakafin aiki na yara daga makonni 6 da haihuwa ko manya kan cututtukan cututtukan sankarau da ke haifar da cutar Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, W-135 da Y. Ana iya samun wannan rigakafin a ƙarƙashin sunan kasuwanci Nimenrix.

Yadda za a ɗauka:

Ga jarirai masu shekaru tsakanin 6 zuwa 12 makonni, jadawalin allurar riga-kafi ya ƙunshi gudanarwar allurai 2 na farawa, a cikin watanni 2 da na 4, sannan biyun ƙara ƙarfi a cikin watan sha biyu na rayuwa.

Ga mutanen da suka wuce watanni 12, ya kamata a ba da kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na 0.5 mL, kuma a wasu lokuta ana ba da shawarar gudanar da aikin kara ƙarfi.

3. Alurar rigakafin cutar sankarau B

Ana nuna allurar rigakafin cutar meningococcal B don taimakawa kare yara da suka wuce watanni 2 da kuma manya har zuwa shekaru 50, daga cutar da kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa Neisseria meningitidis rukuni na B, kamar cutar sankarau da sepsis. Wannan allurar kuma ana iya saninta da sunan kasuwanci Bexsero.

Yadda za a ɗauka:

• Jarirai tsakanin watanni 2 zuwa 5: An bada shawarar allurai 3 na allurar, tare da tazarar watanni 2 tsakanin allurai. Bugu da kari, ya kamata a yi amfani da allurar rigakafin tsakanin watanni 12 zuwa 23;
• Jarirai tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 11: An ba da shawarar allurai 2 a tsakanin tazarar wata 2 tsakanin allurai, kuma ya kamata a inganta rigakafin tsakanin shekarun 12 zuwa 24;
• Yara tsakanin watanni 12 da shekaru 23: An ba da shawarar allurai 2, tare da tazarar watanni 2 tsakanin allurai;
• Yara tsakanin shekaru 2 zuwa 10: matasa da manya, an ba da shawarar allurai 2, tare da tazarar watanni 2 tsakanin allurai;
• Matasa daga shekaru 11 da manya: An bada shawarar allurai 2, tare da tazarar wata 1 tsakanin allurai.

Babu bayanai a cikin manya sama da shekaru 50.

4. Pneumococcal conjugate maganin

Ana nuna wannan rigakafin don hana ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa S. ciwon huhu, ke da alhakin haddasa munanan cututtuka kamar su cutar nimoniya, sankarau ko kuma cutar sankarau, alal misali.

Yadda za a ɗauka:

• Yara jarirai 6 zuwa watanni 6 da haihuwa: allurai uku, na farko da ake gudanarwa, gaba ɗaya, yana da watanni 2, tare da tazarar aƙalla wata ɗaya tsakanin allurai. Ana ba da shawarar ƙara ƙarfi aƙalla aƙalla watanni shida bayan matakin farko na ƙarshe;
• Yara jarirai watanni 7-11: allurai biyu na 0.5 ml, tare da tazarar aƙalla wata 1 tsakanin allurai. Ana ba da shawarar ƙara ƙarfi a shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa, tare da tazarar aƙalla watanni 2;
• Yara 'yan watanni 12-23: allurai biyu na 0.5 mL, tare da tazarar aƙalla watanni 2 tsakanin allurai;
• Yara daga watanni 24 zuwa shekara 5: allurai biyu na 0.5 mL tare da tazarar aƙalla watanni biyu tsakanin allurai.

5. Hada maganin rigakafi da Haemophilus mura b

Ana nuna wannan rigakafin ga yara tsakanin watanni 2 zuwa shekara 5 don hana kamuwa daga ƙwayoyin cuta Haemophilus mura mura b, kamar su sankarau, septicemia, cellulite, amosanin gabbai, epiglottitis ko ciwon huhu, misali. Wannan allurar ba ta kariya daga cututtukan da wasu nau'ikan ke haifarwa Haemophilus mura ko kuma da wasu nau'ikan cutar sankarau.

Yadda za a ɗauka:

• Yara masu shekaru 2 zuwa 6: 3 allurai tare da tazarar wata 1 ko 2, sannan mai karawa shekara 1 bayan kashi na uku;
• Yara masu shekaru 6 zuwa 12: 2 allurai tare da tazarar wata 1 ko 2, sannan mai karawa shekara 1 bayan kashi na biyu;
• Yara daga shekara 1 zuwa 5: Guda guda.

Lokacin da baza a sami waɗannan rigakafin ba

Wadannan rigakafin ana hana su yayin da akwai alamun zazzabi ko alamun kumburi ko ga marasa lafiya da ke da alaƙa da kowane irin abin da ke cikin maganin.

Bugu da kari, bai kamata mata masu ciki ko masu shayarwa suyi amfani dashi ba.