Menene xanthomas, manyan nau'ikan da yadda za'a magance su

Wadatacce

• Babban nau'in xanthoma
• Menene xanthelasma?
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Jiyya don ciki xanthoma

Xanthoma yayi daidai da bayyanar ƙananan raunuka a cikin babban taimako akan fata, wanda aka ƙirƙira ta ƙwayoyi waɗanda zasu iya bayyana a kowane ɓangare na jiki, amma galibi akan jijiyoyi, fata, hannaye, ƙafa, gwatso da gwiwoyi.

Bayyanar xanthoma ya fi zama ruwan dare ga mutanen da suke da babban cholesterol ko kuma triglycerides, kodayake hakan na iya bayyana ga mutanen da ba su da canjin cholesterol.

Kasancewar xanthoma yawanci alama ce cewa akwai adadin cholesterol da ke zagayawa, wanda ya haifar da macrophages, waxanda suke kwayoyin halittar garkuwar jiki, don yalwaci qwayoyin mai, juyawa zuwa macrophages mai kumfa kuma ana ajiye su a jikin. Don haka, xanthoma ba cuta ba ce, amma alama ce da ke da alaƙa da nakasa a cikin ƙoshin mai da furotin da ke ɗauke da ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin jiki.

Babban nau'in xanthoma

Samuwar xanthoma ya fi faruwa ga mutanen da ke da halaye marasa kyau na rayuwa, wato, waɗanda ke da abinci mai yalwar mai da waɗanda ke zaune, wanda ke faɗin tarawar cholesterol da triglycerides. Koyaya, xanthoma na iya faruwa sakamakon wasu cututtuka, kamar su ciwon sukari da aka lalata, cutar biliary cirrhosis ko gazawar hanta.

Dangane da halaye da wuraren su, za a iya rarraba xanthomas cikin:

• Xanthelasmas: sune nau'ikan xanthoma wanda yake kan fatar ido, a yanayin launuka masu launin rawaya da laushi, galibi a cikin mutanen da ke da tarihin babban ƙwayar cholesterol;
• Xanthomas mai lalata: sune nau'in xanthoma wanda aka fi sani kuma ana haɗuwa da ƙara yawan triglycerides, inda ƙaramin raƙuman rawaya ke bayyana, galibi akan cinyoyi, ƙafafu, gindi da hannaye. Galibi suna inganta yayin da triglycerides suka daidaita;
• Xanthomas na ruwa: nodules masu launin rawaya waɗanda aka fi dacewa a kan gwiwar hannu da diddigin mutane masu yawan ƙwayar cholesterol;
• Tendon xanthoma: ita ce ajiyar da ke faruwa a jijiyoyi, akasari a jijiyar achilles, a diddige, ko a yatsu, kuma hakan yakan faru ne ga mutanen da ke da yawan cholesterol;
• Flat xanthomas: suna kwance kuma suna bayyana sau da yawa a cikin laushin fuska, fuska, akwati da tabo.

Hakanan akwai wani nau'i na xanthoma, wanda shine xanthoma na ciki, wanda a ciki ake samun raunuka masu ƙima a cikin ciki wanda kuma yawanci baya haifar da alamomin, ana gano su a cikin endoscopies ko aikin tiyatar ciki saboda wasu dalilai. Wannan nau'in xanthoma ba safai ake samun sa ba, kuma ba a san musabbabinsa daidai ba.

Menene xanthelasma?

Xanthelasma wani nau'i ne na xanthoma wanda a cikinsa ake samun lebur, launuka masu launin rawaya da raunuka a cikin idanu, musamman kan fatar ido, galibi ta hanya mai daidaitawa. Kasancewar xanthelasma baya yaduwa, tunda amsawa ce ta jiki zuwa mafi yawan yaduwar cholesterol, kuma ya fi yawa ga manya waɗanda ke da cuta a cikin ƙwayar mai.

Kodayake baya haifar da haɗari, xanthelasma na iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi a cikin mutum saboda ganin raunukan, don haka suke neman a cire xanthelasma, wanda ake yi ta hanyar tiyata ko kuma ta hanyoyin da ke lalata xanthelasma, kamar su acid, lasers ko electrocoagulation, don misali.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Ganewar cutar xanthoma na asibiti ne, ma'ana, likitan fata ne ko babban likita ya yi ta hanyar kimanta halayen xanthomas. A wasu lokuta, ana iya nuna gwajin jini don bincika adadin cholesterol da kewaya triglycerides.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Idan mutumin da ke da xanthomas yana da yawan ƙwayar cholesterol ko triglycerides da aka gano a cikin gwajin jini, likita zai nuna magani don sarrafa waɗannan matakan, tare da magungunan da ake kira magungunan hypolipidemic, kamar Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, da fibrates, kamar Fenofibrate ko Bezafibrato, misali. Bugu da kari, za a iya aiwatar da hanyoyin kawar da kitsen mai, wanda dole ne likitan fata ya yi shi, kamar su:

• Yin tiyata don cirewa da ƙulli tare da ɗinka: shine mafi aminci, mafi inganci zaɓi, ana iya yin shi a asibitin waje, yana da ƙarancin farashi kuma yana samar da kyakkyawan sakamako;
• Magungunan sinadarai: mafi dacewa da ƙananan rauni na sama. Ana yin sa ta hanyar amfani da abubuwa na kwalliya kamar su trichloroacetic acid ko haduwar sinadarai;
• Maganin laser: ta hanyar carbon dioxide mai ƙwanƙwasawa mai haske ko laser laser;
• Yin aikin tiyata: ta amfani da nitrogen na ruwa ko dusar ƙanƙara carbon dioxide;

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci sosai ayi magani da kula da sauran cututtukan da suka danganci canje-canje a cikin metabolism da samuwar xanthomas, kamar su ciwon suga, ciwon hanta, hypothyroidism ko cututtukan koda.

Jiyya don ciki xanthoma

Gastric xanthoma ko gastron xanthelasma sune jaka masu launin rawaya na cholesterol ko lipids, tare da kwane-kwane marasa tsari, wanda zai iya auna 1 zuwa 2 mm, wanda yake cikin ciki. Don magance wannan nau'in xanthoma ya zama dole a yi gwajin endoscopy da biopsy, kuma idan ba a nuna alamun kansar ciki ba, yawanci yanayi ne mara kyau, kuma halayen ya kamata su zama masu lura, wato, dole ne a sanya ido akai-akai. duba juyin juya halin matsalar.

Koyaya, idan akwai haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ko alamun taɓarɓarewar xanthoma, likita zai iya jagorantar cire shi, hanyar da aka yi ta hanyar endoscopy.