Mawallafi: William Ramirez
Ranar Halitta: 19 Satumba 2021
Sabuntawa: 13 Nuwamba 2024
Anonim
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Animation.
Video: Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Animation.

Atrial septal flapt (ASD) nakasar zuciya ce wacce take kasancewa a lokacin haihuwa (na haihuwa).

Yayinda jariri ya girma a cikin mahaifar, bango (septum) yana samuwa wanda ya raba ɗakin babba zuwa atrium hagu da dama. Lokacin da wannan bangon ba ya zama daidai, zai iya haifar da lahani wanda ya rage bayan haihuwa. Ana kiran wannan nakasar atrial septal, ko ASD.

A yadda aka saba, jini ba zai iya gudana tsakanin ɗakunan zuciyar biyu na sama ba. Koyaya, ASD yana ba da damar wannan ya faru.

Lokacin da jini ya gudana tsakanin ɗakunan zuciya biyu, ana kiran wannan shunt. Jini galibi yana gudana daga hagu zuwa gefen dama. Lokacin da wannan ya faru gefen dama na zuciya ya kara girma. Yawan lokaci a cikin huhu na iya haɓaka. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, jinin da ke gudana ta hanyar lahani zai tafi daga dama zuwa hagu. Idan wannan ya faru, za a sami karancin iskar oxygen a cikin jini wanda yake zuwa jiki.

An ayyana lalatattun atrial a matsayin mafi cancanta ko kariya.


  • Ana danganta lahani mafi girma zuwa wasu lahani na zuciya na septum na ventricular da mitral valve.
  • Launin Secundum na iya zama rami ɗaya, ƙarami ko babba. Hakanan ƙila sun kasance ƙananan rami fiye da ɗaya a cikin septum ko bango tsakanin ɗakunan biyu.

Smallananan lahani (ƙasa da milimita 5 ko ¼ inci) ba su iya haifar da matsala. Discoveredananan lahani galibi ana gano su daga baya fiye da manya.

Tare da girman ASD, inda ake samun aibi yana taka rawar da ke shafar gudan jini da matakan oxygen. Kasancewar sauran lahani na zuciya shima yana da mahimmanci.

ASD ba shi da yawa.

Mutumin da ba shi da wata lahani ta zuciya, ko ƙaramin lahani (ƙasa da milimita 5) mai yiwuwa ba shi da wata alama, ko alamun ba za su iya faruwa ba har zuwa tsakiyar shekaru ko kuma daga baya.

Kwayar cutar da ke faruwa na iya farawa a kowane lokaci bayan haihuwa har zuwa ƙuruciya. Suna iya haɗawa da:

  • Wahalar numfashi (dyspnea)
  • Yawan cututtukan numfashi a cikin yara
  • Jin zuciyar bugawa (bugun zuciya) a cikin manya
  • Breatharancin numfashi tare da aiki

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai bincika yadda girma da tsananin ASD ya dogara da alamomi, gwajin jiki, da sakamakon gwajin zuciya.


Mai ba da sabis na iya jin sautunan zuciya marasa kyau yayin sauraron kirji tare da stethoscope. Ana iya jin gunaguni kawai a cikin wasu matsayin jikin. Wani lokaci, ba za a iya jin gunaguni ko kaɗan ba. Gunaguni yana nufin jini baya gudana cikin zuciya daidai.

Jarabawar jiki na iya nuna alamun gazawar zuciya ga wasu manya.

Echocardiogram gwaji ne wanda yake amfani da raƙuman sauti don ƙirƙirar hoto mai motsi na zuciya. Yana da yawa gwajin farko. Nazarin Doppler da aka yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na echocardiogram yana bawa mai ba da kiwon lafiya damar tantance yawan zubar jini tsakanin ɗakunan zuciya.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya yi sun haɗa da:

  • Cardiac catheterization
  • Magungunan jijiyoyin jini (ga marasa lafiya sama da shekaru 35)
  • ECG
  • Zuciyar MRI ko CT
  • Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)

ASD bazai buƙatar magani idan akwai 'yan ko babu alamun bayyanar ba, ko kuma idan lahani ƙarami ne kuma baya haɗuwa da wasu abubuwan rashin lafiya. An ba da shawarar yin aikin tiyata don rufe lahani idan lahani ya haifar da ɗimbin yawa, zuciya ta kumbura, ko alamomi na faruwa.


An kirkiro wata hanya don rufe lahani (idan ba a sami wasu matsaloli ba) ba tare da buɗe zuciya ba.

  • Hanyar ta hada da sanya na'urar rufe ASD a cikin zuciya ta hanyar tubes da ake kira catheters.
  • Mai ba da kiwon lafiyar ya yi wani yanki kaɗan a cikin makogwaro, sannan ya saka catheters a cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma zuwa cikin zuciya.
  • Ana sanya na'urar ƙulli a ƙetaren ASD kuma an rufe lahani.

Wani lokaci, ana iya yin tiyata a buɗe don gyara lahani. Ana iya buƙatar nau'in tiyata idan wasu lahani na zuciya sun kasance.

Wasu mutanen da ke da larurar atrial na iya samun wannan aikin, gwargwadon girma da wurin da cutar take.

Mutanen da suke da hanya ko tiyata don rufe ASD ya kamata su sami maganin rigakafi kafin kowane tsarin haƙori waɗanda suke da shi a cikin lokacin bin aikin. Ba a buƙatar rigakafi a gaba.

A cikin jarirai, ƙananan ASDs (ƙasa da mm 5) ba sau da yawa ba zasu haifar da matsala ba, ko kuma zasu rufe ba tare da magani ba. Manyan ASDs (8 zuwa 10 mm), galibi basa rufewa kuma suna iya buƙatar hanya.

Mahimman dalilai sun haɗa da girman lahani, yawan ƙarin jini da ke gudana ta wurin buɗewa, girman gefen dama na zuciya, da kuma ko mutum yana da wasu alamu.

Wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar ta ASD na iya kasancewa suna da wasu halayen zuciya na haihuwa. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da bawul mai zubewa ko rami a wani yanki na zuciya.

Mutanen da ke da girma ko rikitarwa ASD suna cikin haɗarin haɗari na haɓaka wasu matsaloli, gami da:

  • Heartwayar zuciya mara kyau, musamman fibrillation na atrial
  • Ajiyar zuciya
  • Ciwon zuciya (endocarditis)
  • Hawan jini a jijiyoyin huhu
  • Buguwa

Kirawo mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamun rashin nakasa.

Babu wata hanyar da aka sani don hana lahani. Wasu daga cikin rikitarwa ana iya hana su tare da gano su da wuri.

Ciwon zuciya na haihuwa - ASD; Zuciyar haifuwa - ASD; Primum ASD; Secundum ASD

  • Yin aikin tiyatar zuciya na yara - fitarwa
  • Defectunƙarar raunin atrial

Liegeois JR, Rigby ML. Atrial septal aibin (sadarwa interatrial). A cikin: Gatzoulis MA, Webb GD, Daubeney PEF, eds. Bincike da Gudanar da Cutar Balagaggu na Cutar Zuciya. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 29.

Silvestry FE, Cohen MS, Armsby LB, et al. Sharuɗɗa don ƙididdigar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwallon ƙafa: daga Americanungiyar (asar Amirka ta Echocardiography da Societyungiyar Kula da Lafiya ta Cardiac da Ayyuka. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015; 28 (8): 910-958. PMID: 26239900 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26239900/.

Sodhi N, Zajarias A, Balzer DT, Lasala JM. Ercarfafa haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin mallaka da ɓarna a ɓoye. A cikin: Topol EJ, Teirstein PS, eds. Littafin rubutu game da cututtukan zuciya. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 49.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Cutar cututtukan ciki a cikin baligi da haƙuri na yara. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 75.

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