Thromboangiitis obliterans

Thromboangiitis obliterans cuta ce wacce ba kasafai ake samun tasoshin jini na hannu da kafa ba.

Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger cuta) yana faruwa ne ta ƙananan jijiyoyin jini waɗanda suke zama kumburi da kumbura. Magungunan jini suna da ƙyama ko toshewa ta dasasshen jini (thrombosis). Magunguna na jini na hannu da ƙafa yawanci abin ya shafa. Jijiyoyin jini sun fi shafa fiye da jijiyoyi. Matsakaicin shekarun lokacin da alamomin suka fara kusan 35. Mata da tsofaffi ba sa saurin cutarwa.

Wannan matsalar ta fi shafar samari ‘yan shekara 20 zuwa 45 wadanda suke yawan shan sigari ko taba sigari. Hakanan mata masu shan sigari na iya shafar. Yanayin ya shafi mutane da yawa a Gabas ta Tsakiya, Asiya, Bahar Rum, da Gabashin Turai. Mutane da yawa da ke cikin wannan matsalar suna da ƙoshin lafiyar haƙori, mai yiwuwa saboda shan taba.

Kwayar cutar galibi galibi tana shafar ƙwayoyi biyu ko fiye kuma suna iya haɗawa da:

• Yatsun hannu ko yatsun kafa da suka bayyana rawaya, ja, ko shuɗi kuma suna jin sanyi da taɓawa.
• Ba zato ba tsammani mummunan ciwo a hannu da ƙafa. Ciwo na iya jin kamar ƙonawa ko ƙwanƙwasawa.
• Jin zafi a hannu da ƙafafu wanda mafi yawanci yakan faru yayin hutawa. Ciwo na iya zama mafi muni lokacin da hannaye da ƙafafu suka yi sanyi ko yayin damuwar wani yanayi.
• Jin zafi a ƙafafu, ƙafafun kafa, ko ƙafa lokacin tafiya (taƙaitaccen lokaci). Ciwon yana yawan zama a cikin ƙafafun kafa.
• Canje-canje na fata ko ƙananan marurai masu zafi a kan yatsu ko yatsun kafa.
• Lokaci-lokaci, amosanin gabbai a cikin wuyan hannu ko gwiwoyi suna tasowa kafin hanyoyin jini su toshe.

Gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa na iya nuna toshewar jijiyoyin jini a hannu ko ƙafafun da abin ya shafa:

• Duban dan tayi na jijiyoyin jini a karshen, wanda ake kira plethysmography
• Doppler duban dan tayi na iyakar
• Tsarin x-ray mai maganin catheter

Gwajin jini don wasu dalilan na kumburin jijiyoyin jini (vasculitis) da toshewa (ɓoyewar) jijiyoyin jini na iya yi. Wadannan dalilan sun hada da ciwon suga, scleroderma, vasculitis, hypercoagulability, da atherosclerosis. Babu gwajin jini wanda ke bincikar thromboangiitis obliterans.

Za'a iya yin echocardiogram na zuciya don neman tushen daskarewar jini. A cikin wasu al'amuran da ba safai ake gane su ba idan ba a gano asalinsu ba, ana yin kwayar halittar jini.

Babu magani ga thromboangiitis obliterans. Manufar magani ita ce shawo kan cututtuka da kuma hana cutar yin muni.

Dakatar da shan taba ko wace iri ce babbar hanyar shawo kan cutar. Ana ba da shawarar magungunan daina shan sigari. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a guji yanayin sanyi da sauran yanayin da ke rage zuban jini a hannu da ƙafa.

Yin amfani da dumi da yin atisaye a hankali na iya taimakawa haɓaka wurare dabam dabam.

Asfirin da magungunan da ke buɗe magudanan jini (vasodilators) na iya taimakawa. A cikin mummunan yanayi, yin tiyata don yanke jijiyoyi zuwa yankin (aikin kwantar da hankali) na iya taimakawa wajen magance ciwo. Ba da daɗewa ba, ana yin la'akari da tiyata a wasu mutane.

Zai iya zama dole a yanke yatsu ko yatsun kafa idan yankin ya kamu da cuta sosai kuma nama ya mutu.

Alamomin cututtukan thromboangiitis obliterans na iya gushewa idan mutum ya daina shan sigari. Mutanen da suka ci gaba da shan taba na iya buƙatar yanke hannu da aka maimaita.

Matsalolin sun hada da:

• Mutuwar nama (gangrene)
• Yanke yatsu ko yatsu
• Rashin gudan jini a cikin ɓangaren yatsun ko yatsun da abin ya shafa

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan:

• Kuna da alamun cututtukan thromboangiitis obliterans.
• Kuna da cututtukan cututtukan fata na thromboangiitis da bayyanar cututtuka suna daɗa muni, koda da magani.
• Kuna ci gaba da sababbin bayyanar cututtuka.

Mutanen da ke da tarihin rayuwar Raynaud ko shuɗi, yatsu masu yatsu ko yatsu, musamman tare da ulce, bai kamata su yi amfani da kowane nau'i na taba ba.

Cutar Buerger

• Thromboangiites masu lalacewa
• Tsarin jini

Akar AR, Inan B. Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger cuta). A cikin: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, eds. Rutherford's Vascular Surgery da Endovascular Far. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 138.

Gupta N, Wahlgren CM, Azizzadeh A, Gewertz BL. Cutar Buerger (Thromboangiitis obliterans). A cikin: Cameron JL, Cameron AM, eds. Far Mashi na Yanzu. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 1054-1057.

Jaff MR, Bartheolomew JR. Sauran cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 72.