Ciwon daji na Prostate

Ciwon daji na ƙwayar cuta shine ciwon daji wanda ke farawa a cikin ƙwayar prostate. Prostate karamin tsari ne mai siffa irin na goro wanda yake daga cikin tsarin haihuwar namiji. Yana nadewa ta mafitsara, bututun da ke fitar da fitsari daga jiki.

Cutar sankara ita ce sanadin mutuwa mafi yawa daga cutar kansa a cikin maza sama da shekaru 75. Ba kasafai ake samun kansar ta mafitsara a cikin maza da shekarunsu suka gaza 40 ba.

Mutanen da ke cikin babban haɗari sun haɗa da:

• Maza Ba'amurke Ba'amurke, waɗanda kuma za su iya kamuwa da wannan cutar ta kansa a kowane zamani
• Maza sama da shekaru 60
• Mazajenda suke da mahaifi ko kanne masu cutar sankara

Sauran mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin sun haɗa da:

• Mazajen da suka kasance a kusa da Agent Orange
• Mazaje masu cin abinci mai yawan mai, musamman mai dabbobi
• Maza masu kiba

Ba a cika samun ciwon sankara a jikin mutanen da ba sa cin nama (masu cin ganyayyaki).

Matsala ta gama gari a kusan dukkanin maza yayin da suka girma shine ƙara girman prostate. Wannan ana kiransa hyperplasia mai rauni, ko BPH. Ba ya haifar da haɗarin cutar sankara. Amma, zai iya ƙara sakamakon gwajin jini na musamman na antigen (PSA).

Tare da ciwon sankarar sankara na farko, galibi babu alamun alamun.

Gwajin jinin PSA na iya yi don duba maza don cutar sankarar prostate. Yawancin lokaci, matakin PSA yakan hauhawa kafin akwai alamun bayyanar.

Kwayar cututtukan da aka lissafa a kasa na iya faruwa tare da cutar kansar mafitsara yayin da take girma a cikin prostate. Wadannan cututtukan na iya haifar da wasu matsalolin prostate:

• Jinkirta ko jinkirin fara fitsarin
• Zubar da ruwa ko zubar fitsari, galibi bayan fitsari
• Sannu a hankali rafin fitsari
• Tushewa yayin yin fitsari, ko rashin samun damar kwashe duka fitsarin
• Jini a cikin fitsari ko maniyyi

Lokacin da ciwon daji ya bazu, akwai yiwuwar ciwon ƙashi ko taushi, galibi a cikin ƙananan baya da ƙashin ƙugu.

Nazarin dubura na dubura na yau da kullun na iya zama alamar kawai ta cutar sankarar prostate.

Ana bukatar kwayar halittar jikin mutum don tabbatar ko kana da cutar sankarar mafitsara. Kwayar halitta itace hanya don cire samfurin nama daga prostate. Ana aika samfurin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincike. Za a yi shi a ofishin likitan ku.

Kwararka na iya bayar da shawarar a bincikar idan:

• Kuna da babban matakin PSA
• Gwajin dubura na dijital ya bayyana wani abu mai wahala ko mara kyau

Sakamakon biopsy ana ruwaito shi ta amfani da abin da ake kira maki Gleason da ƙimar Gleason.

Darajar Gleason tana gaya muku yadda saurin kansa zai iya yaɗuwa. Yana maki ciwace ciwace a sikeli na 1 zuwa 5. Kina da maki daban na cutar kansa a cikin samfurin biopsy ɗaya. An haɗa maki biyu da suka fi yawa tare. Wannan yana ba ku lambar Gleason. Mafi girman ƙimar Gleason ɗin ku, mafi kusantar cutar kansa zata iya yaɗuwa fiye da ta prostate:

• Sakamakon 2 zuwa 6: Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
• Sakamakon 7: Matsakaici- (ko a tsakiya) ciwon daji. Yawancin cututtukan prostate suna fada cikin wannan rukuni.
• Sakamakon maki 8 zuwa 10: Ciwon daji mai girma.

Wani tsarin tantancewa, Tsarin Rukuni na 5 Grade yayi aiki mafi kyau na bayyana yadda ciwon daji zaiyi aiki da amsa magani:

• Groupungiyar 1 ta Grade: Gleason ya ci 6 ko ƙasa (ƙananan ciwon daji)
• Groupungiyar 2 ta Grade: Gleason ya ci 3 + 4 = 7 (matsakaicin matsakaicin ciwon daji)
• Groupungiyar 3 na Grade: Gleason ya ci 4 + 3 = 7 (matsakaicin matsakaicin ciwon daji)
• Groupungiyar 4 ta Grade: Sakamakon Gleason 8 (babban ciwon daji)
• Groupungiyar 5 ta Grade: Gleason ya ci 9 zuwa 10 (babban ciwon kansa)

Groupananan rukuni na nuna kyakkyawar dama don maganin nasara fiye da rukuni mafi girma. Wani rukuni mafi girma yana nufin cewa yawancin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa sun bambanta da ƙwayoyin al'ada. Wani rukuni mafi girma kuma yana nufin cewa akwai yiwuwar ƙari zai iya bazuwa sosai.

Ana iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa don sanin ko ciwon daji ya bazu:

• CT dubawa
• Binciken kashi
• Binciken MRI

Hakanan za'a yi amfani da gwajin jini na PSA don kula da cutar kansa bayan jiyya.

Jiyya ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa, gami da ƙimar Gleason da lafiyar lafiyar ku. Likitanku zai tattauna hanyoyin zaɓinku tare da ku.

Idan ciwon daji bai yada a waje da glandon prostate ba, jiyya na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Tiyata (m prostatectomy)
• Radiation far, ciki har da brachytherapy da proton far

Idan kun tsufa, likitanku na iya bayar da shawarar sa ido kan cutar kansa tare da gwajin PSA da kuma biopsies.

Magungunan Hormone galibi ana amfani dashi don cutar kansa wanda ya bazu fiye da prostate. Yana taimakawa magance alamomin da hana ci gaba da yaɗuwar cutar kansa. Amma ba ya warkar da cutar kansa.

Idan ciwon daji na prostate yana yaduwa koda bayan an gwada maganin hormone, tiyata, ko raɗaɗi, magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy (magani don faɗakar da tsarin rigakafi don kai hari da kashe ƙwayoyin kansa)

Yin aikin tiyata, maganin fuka-fuka, da kuma maganin hormone na iya shafar aikin jima'i. Matsaloli tare da kula da fitsari mai yiwuwa ne bayan tiyata da kuma maganin fuka-fuka. Tattauna damuwar ku tare da mai kula da lafiyar ku.

Bayan jiyya ga cutar sankarar mafitsara, za a sa muku ido sosai don tabbatar da cewa cutar kansa ba ta bazu ba. Wannan ya ƙunshi binciken yau da kullun, gami da gwajin jini na PSA (galibi kowane wata 3 zuwa shekara 1).

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansar mahaifa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Yadda kuke yi ya dogara da ko kansar ya bazu a wajen glandon prostate da kuma yadda ƙananan ƙwayoyin kansa suke (ƙimar Gleason) lokacin da aka gano ku.

Ana iya samun waraka idan cutar kansa bata yadu ba. Maganin Hormone na iya inganta rayuwa, koda kuwa magani ba zai yiwu ba.

Tattauna fa'idodi da rashin fa'idar binciken PSA tare da mai kula da lafiyar ku.

Yi magana da mai baka game da hanyoyin da zaka iya bi don rage kasadar kamuwa da cutar sankara. Wadannan na iya haɗawa da matakan rayuwa, kamar abinci da motsa jiki.

Babu magunguna da FDA ta amince da su don hana kamuwa da cutar sankara.

Ciwon daji - prostate; Biopsy - prostate; Kwayar halittar jini; Gleason ci

• Rarraba kwancen ciki - fitarwa
• Prostate brachytherapy - fitarwa
• Radiation far - tambayoyi don tambayi likitan ku
• M prostatectomy - fitarwa

• Jikin haihuwa na namiji
• Maganin fitsarin namiji
• BPH
• Ciwon daji na Prostate
• Gwajin jini na PSA
• Prostatectomy - Jerin
• Tsarin transurethral na prostate (TURP) - Jerin

Yanar gizo Associationungiyar Urological American. Gwajin PSA don tsarin kulawa da kulawa da cutar kanjamau: Gyara 2013 na Bayanin Mafi Kyawun Bayani. www.auanet.org/guidelines/prostate-specific-antigen-(psa)-best-practice-statement. An shiga Disamba 5, 2019.

Yanar gizo Associationungiyar Urological American. Ganowa na farko game da ciwon sankara (2018): jagorar asibiti. www.auanet.org/guidelines/prostate-cancer-early-detection-guideline. An shiga Agusta 22, 2019.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Maganin ciwon daji na Prostate (PDQ) fasalin ƙwararrun masu kiwon lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Satumba 20, 2019. An shiga Disamba 5, 2019.

Yanar gizo Yanar Gizon Cutar Kanjamau ta Kasa. NCCN jagororin aikin likita a cikin ilimin ilimin halittar jiki (jagororin NCCN): cutar sankarar prostate. Sigar 4.2019. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/prostate.pdf. An sabunta Agusta 19, 2019. An shiga Satumba 4, 2019.

Nelson WG, Antonarakis ES, Carter HB, De Marzo AM, DeWeese TL. Ciwon daji na Prostate. A cikin: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff na Clinical Oncology. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 81.

Stephenson AJ, Klein EA. Epidemiology, etiology, da kuma rigakafin cutar ta prostate. A cikin: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi 107.

Kungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Nunawa game da cutar kanjamau: Sanarwar shawarar Tasungiyar Preungiyar Ayyuka ta Amurka. JAMA. 2018; 319 (18): 1901-1913. PMID: 29801017 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29801017.