Polymyalgia rheumatica

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) cuta ce ta kumburi. Ya ƙunshi ciwo da tauri a kafaɗu da galibi kwatangwalo.

Polymyalgia rheumatica galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin mutane sama da shekaru 50. Ba a san musabbabin hakan ba.

PMR na iya faruwa kafin ko tare da katuwar kwayar halitta (GCA; ana kuma kiranta arteritis na lokaci). Wannan wani yanayi ne wanda jijiyoyin jini wadanda ke bada jini ga kai da ido suke zama kumburi.

PMR wani lokacin yana da wuyar fada banda cututtukan rheumatoid (RA) a cikin tsofaffi. Wannan yana faruwa yayin gwaje-gwajen abubuwan rheumatoid da anti-CCP antibody basu da kyau.

Alamar da ta fi dacewa ita ce ciwo da taurin kai a kafadu biyu da wuya. Jin zafi da taurin sun fi muni da safe. Wannan ciwon yana yawan ci gaba zuwa kwatangwalo.

Gajiya kuma tana nan. Mutanen da ke da wannan yanayin suna da wahalar gaske daga tashi daga gado da kuma motsawa.

Sauran cututtukan sun hada da:

• Rashin cin abinci, wanda ke haifar da asarar nauyi
• Bacin rai
• Zazzaɓi

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje kadai ba zai iya tantance PMR ba. Yawancin mutanen da ke wannan yanayin suna da manyan alamomi na kumburi, kamar ƙaddarar ƙarancin abinci (ESR) da furotin C-reactive.

Sauran sakamakon gwajin wannan yanayin sun hada da:

• Matakan da ba na al'ada ba na sunadarai a cikin jini
• Matsanancin matakan ƙwayoyin jini
• Anemia (ƙarancin jini)

Hakanan ana iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen don lura da yanayinku.

Koyaya, gwajin hoto kamar x-ray na kafada ko kwatangwalo ba kasafai yake taimakawa ba. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen na iya bayyana lalacewar haɗin gwiwa wanda ba shi da alaƙa da alamun bayyanar kwanan nan. A cikin lokuta masu wahala, duban dan tayi ko MRI na kafada na iya yi. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen hotunan sukan nuna bursitis ko ƙananan matakan kumburin haɗin gwiwa.

Ba tare da magani ba, PMR baya samun sauki. Koyaya, ƙananan ƙwayoyi na corticosteroids (kamar prednisone, 10 zuwa 20 MG kowace rana) na iya sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka, sau da yawa a cikin kwana ɗaya ko biyu.

• Ya kamata a rage sashin a hankali zuwa ƙananan matakin.
• Jiyya yana buƙatar ci gaba na 1 zuwa 2 shekaru. A wasu mutane, ana buƙatar ko da dogon magani tare da ƙananan allurai na prednisone.

Corticosteroids na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa da yawa kamar haɓaka nauyi, ci gaban ciwon sukari ko osteoporosis. Kuna buƙatar sa ido sosai idan kuna shan waɗannan magunguna. Idan kun kasance cikin haɗarin osteoporosis, mai ba ku kiwon lafiya na iya ba da shawarar ku sha magunguna don hana wannan yanayin.

Ga yawancin mutane, PMR yana tafi tare da magani bayan shekara 1 zuwa 2. Kuna iya dakatar da shan magunguna bayan wannan lokacin, amma bincika mai ba da sabis da farko.

Ga wasu mutane, bayyanar cututtuka suna dawowa bayan sun daina shan corticosteroids. A waɗannan yanayin, ana iya buƙatar wani magani kamar methotrexate ko tocilizumab.

Hakanan babban ƙwayar arteritis na iya kasancewa ko kuma zai iya haɓaka daga baya. Idan haka ne, za a buƙaci a gwada jijiyar ta lokaci.

Symptomsarin cututtuka masu tsanani na iya sanya maka wahalar yin aiki ko kula da kanka a gida.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da rauni ko taurin kai a kafaɗarku da wuyanku wanda ba zai tafi ba. Har ila yau tuntuɓi mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da sababbin alamomi kamar zazzaɓi, ciwon kai, da zafi tare da taunawa ko asarar gani. Wadannan alamun na iya zama daga katuwar kwayar halitta.

Babu sanannun rigakafin.

PMR

Dejaco C, Singh YP, Perel P, et al. Shawarwarin 2015 don gudanar da cututtukan polymyalgia rheumatica: Europeanungiyar Tarayyar Turai game da Rheumatism / Kwalejin Rheumatology ta Amurka game da haɗin gwiwa. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015; 67 (10): 2569-2580. PMID: 2635874 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26352874.

Hellmann DB. Giant cell arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, da kuma Takayasu’s arteritis. A cikin: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, eds. Littafin Kelley da Firestein na Rheumatology. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 88.

Kermani TA, Warrington KJ. Ci gaba da kalubale a cikin ganewar asali da maganin polymyalgia rheumatica. Ad Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2014; 6 (1): 8-19. PMID: 24489611 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24489611.

Salvarani C, Ciccia F, Pipitone N. Polymyalgia rheumatica da katuwar kwayar halitta. A cikin: Hochberg MC, Gravallese EM, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, eds. Rheumatology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 166.