Brucellosis

Brucellosis cuta ce ta kwayar cuta da ke faruwa daga alaƙar dabbobi da ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta na brucella.

Brucella na iya kamuwa da shanu, awaki, raƙuma, karnuka, da aladu. Kwayar cutar na iya yaduwa zuwa ga mutane idan kun hadu da nama mai cutar ko mahaifa na dabbobin da ke dauke da cutar, ko kuma idan kun ci ko kuma shan madara ko cuku da ba a shafa ba.

Brucellosis ba safai a cikin Amurka ba. Kusan 100 zuwa 200 ne ke faruwa a kowace shekara. Mafi yawan lokuta ana haifar da Brucellosis melitensis kwayoyin cuta.

Mutanen da ke aiki a wuraren da galibi suke saduwa da dabbobi ko nama - kamar su mayanka mayanka, manoma, da likitocin dabbobi - suna cikin haɗarin gaske.

Babban cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na iya farawa tare da ƙananan alamomin mura, ko alamomi kamar:

• Ciwon ciki
• Ciwon baya
• Zazzabi da sanyi
• Gumi mai yawa
• Gajiya
• Ciwon kai
• Hadin gwiwa da ciwon tsoka
• Rashin ci
• Kumburin gland
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Rage nauyi

Cutar zazzabi mai zafin jiki galibi tana faruwa kowace rana. Ana yawan amfani da sunan zazzabin da ba a shuka ba don bayyana wannan cuta saboda zazzabin yakan tashi kuma ya faɗi cikin raƙuman ruwa.

Rashin lafiyar na iya kasancewa na ƙarshe kuma ya daɗe tsawon shekaru.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai bincika ku kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamunku. Hakanan za a tambaye ku idan kun kasance tare da dabbobi ko wataƙila ku ci kayayyakin kiwo waɗanda ba a manna su ba.

Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• Gwajin jini don brucellosis
• Al'adar jini
• Al'adun kasusuwa
• Al'adar fitsari
• CSF (ruwa mai laushi) al'ada
• Biopsy da al'adun samfurin daga gabar da abin ya shafa

Ana amfani da maganin rigakafi, irin su doxycycline, streptomycin, gentamicin, da rifampin, don magance kamuwa da cutar da hana ta dawowa. Sau da yawa, kuna buƙatar shan kwayoyi don makonni 6. Idan akwai rikitarwa daga brucellosis, mai yiwuwa kuna buƙatar shan kwayoyi na dogon lokaci.

Kwayar cututtuka na iya zuwa kuma tafi shekaru. Hakanan, rashin lafiyar na iya dawowa bayan dogon lokaci ba tare da alamun bayyanar ba.

Matsalolin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke iya haifar da brucellosis sun haɗa da:

• Kashi da haɗin gwiwa (raunuka)
• Encephalitis (kumburi, ko kumburi, na kwakwalwa)
• Inocarditis mai cututtuka (ƙonewa daga cikin rufin ciki na ɗakunan zuciya da bawul na zuciya)
• Cutar sankarau (kamuwa da cututtukan membran da ke rufe kwakwalwa da laka)

Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna ci gaba bayyanar cututtuka na brucellosis
• Kwayoyin cutar ku suna taɓarɓarewa ko kuma basa inganta da magani
• Kuna ci gaba da sababbin bayyanar cututtuka

Sha da cin abincin da aka lakafta kawai, kamar su madara da cuku, ita ce hanya mafi mahimmanci don rage haɗarin cutar brucellosis. Mutanen da ke kula da nama ya kamata su sanya rigunan ido da sutura masu kariya, da kiyaye karyewar fata daga kamuwa da cuta.

Gano dabbobin da suka kamu da cutar ne ke sarrafa kamuwa da cutar daga asalin ta. Akwai allurar rigakafi don shanu, amma ba mutane ba.

Zazzabin Cyprus; Zazzabi mara kyau; Zazzabin Gibraltar; Zazzabin Malta; Zazzabin Rum

• Brucellosis
• Antibodies

Gotuzzo E, Ryan ET. Brucellosis. A cikin: Ryan ET, Hill DR, Solomon T, Aronson NE, Endy TP, eds. Magungunan Hunter na Yankin Yanayi da Cututtukan Cututtuka. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 75.

Gul HC, Erdem H. Brucellosis (Brucella nau'in). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 226.