Ci gaba da yawa game da cutar sankara

Ci gaba da yaduwar cutar sankara (PML) cuta ce mai saurin gaske wacce ke lalata abu (myelin) wanda ke rufe da kare jijiyoyi a cikin farin kwayar kwakwalwa.

Kwayar John Cunningham, ko JC virus (JCV) tana haifar da PML. JC kuma ana kiranta da cutar polyomavirus ta mutum 2. Da shekara 10, yawancin mutane sun kamu da wannan kwayar kodayake da wuya ta taɓa haifar da alamun. Amma mutanen da ke da raunin garkuwar jiki suna fuskantar barazanar bunkasa PML. Abubuwan da ke haifar da garkuwar jiki sun hada da:

• HIV / AIDS (mafi ƙarancin dalilin PML yanzu saboda kyakkyawan kulawar HIV / AIDS).
• Wasu magungunan da ke dankwafar da garkuwar jiki da ake kira kwayoyin cuta na monoclonal. Ana iya amfani da irin waɗannan magunguna don hana ƙin yarda da dashen sassan jiki ko kuma magance cututtukan sclerosis da yawa, cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid da sauran cututtukan autoimmune, da yanayin da ke da alaƙa.
• Ciwon daji, irin su sankarar jini da Hodgkin lymphoma.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Rashin daidaituwa, damuwa
• Rashin iyawar harshe (aphasia)
• Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• Matsalar hangen nesa
• Rashin rauni na ƙafafu da hannaye waɗanda ke ƙara muni
• Yanayin mutum yana canzawa

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamun.

Gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Brapsy biopsy (a cikin ƙananan lokuta)
• Gwajin jijiyoyin jiki na JCV
• CT scan na kwakwalwa
• Kayan lantarki (EEG)
• MRI na kwakwalwa

A cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV / AIDS, magani don ƙarfafa garkuwar jiki na iya haifar da murmurewa daga alamun PML. Babu wasu magunguna da suka tabbatar da tasiri ga PML.

PML yanayi ne mai barazanar rai. Dogaro da irin yadda cutar ta kasance, kusan rabin mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ta PML sun mutu a cikin fewan watannin farko. Yi magana da mai baka game da shawarar kulawa.

PML; John Cunningham cutar; JCV; Kwayar cutar polyomavirus ta mutum 2; Kwayar JC

• Launin toka da fari na kwakwalwa
• Leukoencephalopathy

Berger JR, Nath A. Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, da jinkirin kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta na tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 346.

Tan CS, Koralnik IJ. JC, BK, da sauran polyomaviruses: ci gaban multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 144.