Neuropathy sakandare ga kwayoyi

Neuropathy rauni ne ga jijiyoyi na gefe. Waɗannan jijiyoyi ne waɗanda ba sa cikin ƙwaƙwalwa ko ƙashin baya. Neuropathy na biyu ga magunguna shine rashin jin dadi ko motsi a cikin wani sashi na jiki saboda lalacewar jijiya daga shan wani magani ko haɗin magunguna.

Lalacewar ta faru ne sakamakon tasirin mai guba na wasu magunguna akan jijiyoyin gefe. Zai yiwu lalacewa ga sashin axon na ƙwayar jijiyar, wanda ke tsoma baki tare da alamun jijiyoyin. Ko kuma, lalacewar na iya haɗawa da ƙyallen myelin, wanda ke rufe ƙwanƙwasa kuma yana ƙaruwa da saurin watsa sakonni ta hanyar axon.

Mafi yawanci, yawancin jijiyoyi suna da hannu (polyneuropathy). Wannan yakan haifar da canjin yanayi wanda zai fara a sassan jiki (nesa) kuma ya motsa zuwa tsakiyar jiki (kusanci). Hakanan za'a iya samun canje-canje a cikin motsi, kamar rauni. Hakanan akwai zafi mai zafi.

Yawancin magunguna da abubuwa na iya haifar da ci gaban neuropathy. Misalan an jera su a ƙasa.

Zuciya ko magungunan hawan jini:

• Amiodarone
• Hydralazine
• Perhexiline

Kwayoyi da ake amfani dasu don yaƙi da cutar kansa:

• Gishiri
• Docetaxel
• Paclitaxel
• Suramin
• Vincristine

Magungunan da ake amfani da su don yaƙi da cututtuka:

• Chloroquine
• Dapsone
• Isoniazid (INH), ana amfani dashi akan tarin fuka
• Metronidazole (Flagyl)
• Nitrofurantoin
• Thalidomide (da ake yaƙi da kuturta)

Magungunan da ake amfani dasu don magance cututtukan ƙwayar cuta:

• Hanyar shiga (Enbrel)
• Infliximab (Remicade)
• Leflunomide (Arava)

Magungunan da ake amfani dasu don magance rikice-rikice:

• Carbamazepine
• Phenytoin
• Phenobarbital

Magungunan barasa:

• Disulfiram

Magunguna don yaƙi da HIV / AIDS:

• Didanosine (Videx)
• Tsarancin (Emtriva)
  
• Stavudine (Zerit)
• Tenofovir da emtricitabine (Truvada)

Sauran kwayoyi da abubuwa waɗanda zasu iya haifar da neuropathy sun haɗa da:

• Colchicine (ana amfani da shi don magance gout)
• Disulfiram (ana amfani da shi don magance shan giya)
• Arsenic
• Zinare

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Nutum, asarar ji
• Tingling, majiyai na al'ada
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Jin zafi

Canjin yanayin motsa jiki yakan fara ne a ƙafa ko hannu kuma yana motsawa zuwa ciki.

Za a yi binciken ƙwaƙwalwa da tsarin juyayi.

Sauran gwaje-gwaje sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin jini don bincika matakan magani (har ma matakan jini na wasu kwayoyi na iya zama mai guba a cikin tsofaffi ko wasu mutane)
• EMG (electromyography) da gwajin gwajin jijiya na aikin lantarki na jijiyoyi da tsokoki

Jiyya ya dogara ne da alamun cutar da kuma yadda suke da tsanani. Za'a iya dakatar da maganin da ke haifar da cutar neuropathy, rage shi, ko canza shi zuwa wani magani. (Kada a canza kowane magani ba tare da fara magana da mai ba da lafiyar ku ba.)

Mai ba ku sabis na iya ba da shawarar waɗannan ƙwayoyi masu zuwa don taimakawa wajen magance ciwo:

• Magungunan rage zafi mai saurin wuce-wuri na iya zama taimako ga ƙananan ciwo (neuralgia).
• Phenytoin, carbamazepine, gabapentin, pregabalin, duloxetine, ko tricyclic antidepressants kamar nortriptyline na iya rage radadin da ke addabar wasu mutane.
• Ana iya buƙatar masu rage zafi, kamar su morphine ko fentanyl don sarrafa tsananin ciwo.

A halin yanzu babu magunguna da zasu iya kawar da asarar ji. Idan ka rasa jin daɗi, ƙila kana buƙatar ɗaukar matakan aminci don guje wa rauni.

Tambayi mai ba ku sabis idan akwai motsa jiki wanda zai iya taimakawa alamun ku.

Mutane da yawa na iya komawa wani ɓangare ko cika aikinsu na yau da kullun. Rikicin baya yawanci haifar da rikitarwa na barazanar rai, amma yana iya zama mara dadi ko nakasa.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin aiki a aiki ko gida saboda asarar rai na dindindin
• Jin zafi tare da ƙuƙwalwa a cikin yankin na jijiyar rauni
• Rashin jin dadi na dindindin (ko da wuya, motsi) a cikin yanki

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da rashin jin dadi ko motsi na kowane yanki na jiki yayin shan kowane magani.

Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai kula da maganinku sosai tare da kowane magani wanda zai iya haifar da neuropathy. Manufar ita ce a kiyaye matakin jinin da ya dace na maganin da ake buƙata don kula da cutar da alamomin sa yayin hana maganin ya kai matakin masu guba.

• Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da tsarin juyayi na gefe

Jones MR, Urits I, Wolf J, et al. Magungunan neuropathy da ke haifar da ƙwayoyi, nazari mai ba da labari. Curr Clin Pharmacol. Janairu 2019. PMID: 30666914 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30666914.

Katirji B. Rashin lafiyar jijiyoyi na gefe. A cikin: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology a cikin Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi 107.

O'Connor KDJ, Mastaglia FL. Cutar da ke haifar da ƙwayoyi na tsarin mai juyayi. A cikin: Aminoff MJ, Josephson SA, eds. Aminoff's Neurology da General Medicine. 5th ed. Waltham, MA: Elsevier Makarantar Ilimin; 2014: babi na 32.