Lambert-Eaton ciwo

Lambert-Eaton ciwo (LES) cuta ce da ba ta da kyau inda sadarwa mara kyau tsakanin jijiyoyi da tsokoki ke haifar da rauni ga tsoka.

LES cuta ce ta autoimmune. Wannan yana nufin tsarin garkuwar ku da kuskure ya shafi ƙwayoyin lafiya da kyallen takarda a jiki. Tare da LES, kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ke samarwa suna afkawa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi. Wannan yasa kwayoyin jijiyoyin basa iya sakin isasshen sanadaran da ake kira acetylcholine. Wannan sinadarin yana watsa motsin rai tsakanin jijiyoyi da tsokoki. Sakamakon shine raunin tsoka.

LES na iya faruwa tare da cututtukan daji kamar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na huhu ko cututtukan autoimmune kamar su vitiligo, wanda ke haifar da asarar launin fata.

LES ya fi shafar maza fiye da mata. Zamanin gama gari yana kusan shekaru 60. LES ba safai a cikin yara ba.

Rauni ko asarar motsi wanda zai iya zama mai rauni ko ƙasa da ƙasa, gami da:

• Matsalar hawa matakala, tafiya, ko daga abubuwa
• Ciwon tsoka
• Zubewa kai
• Bukatar amfani da hannaye don tashi daga wurin zama ko kwance
• Matsalar magana
• Matsalar taunawa ko haɗiye, waɗanda na iya haɗawa da giya ko shaƙewa
• Canje-canje na hangen nesa, kamar hangen nesa, hangen nesa biyu, da matsalar kiyaye kallo na yau da kullun

Rashin rauni gabaɗaya mai sauki ne a cikin LES. Tsoffin ƙafafu galibi sun shafi su. Rauni na iya inganta bayan motsa jiki, amma ci gaba da aiki yana haifar da gajiya a wasu yanayi.

Kwayar cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da sauran ɓangarorin tsarin juyayi galibi suna faruwa, kuma sun haɗa da:

• Canjin jini yana canzawa
• Jiri a tsaye
• Bakin bushe
• Cutar rashin karfin jiki
• Idanun bushe
• Maƙarƙashiya
• Rage gumi

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamun. Jarabawar na iya nuna:

• Rage tunani
• Yiwuwar asarar tsoka
• Rauni ko inna da ke samun sauƙi kaɗan tare da aiki

Gwaje-gwaje don taimakawa gano asali da tabbatar da LES na iya haɗawa da:

• Gwajin jini don neman kwayar cutar da ke kai hari jijiyoyi
• Electromyography (EMG) don gwada lafiyar ƙwayoyin tsoka
• Saurin tafiyar da jijiyoyi (NCV) don gwada saurin aikin lantarki tare da jijiyoyi

Ana iya yin hoton CT da MRI na kirji da ciki, da kuma binciko na masu shan sigari don ban da cutar kansa. Hakanan za'a iya yin hoton PET idan ana tsammanin ciwon huhu.

Babban burin jiyya sune:

• Gano da magance kowace irin cuta, kamar su cutar sankarar huhu
• Bada magani don taimakawa da rauni

Musayar Plasma, ko kuma plasmapheresis, magani ne da ke taimakawa cire jiki daga duk wani sunadarai masu cutarwa (kwayoyi) da ke tsoma baki cikin aikin jijiya. Wannan ya hada da cire jini wanda yake dauke da kwayoyi. Sauran sunadaran (kamar albumin) ko kuma an ba da jini mai kyau a jiki.

Wata hanyar kuma ta hada da yin amfani da rigakafin rigakafi na cikin jiki (IVIg) don shayar da kwayoyin masu taimakawa kai tsaye cikin jini.

Magungunan da za'a iya gwada su sun haɗa da:

• Magungunan da ke hana amsawar garkuwar jiki
• Magungunan anticholinesterase don inganta sautin tsoka (kodayake waɗannan ba su da tasiri sosai idan aka ba su su kaɗai)
• Magungunan da ke ƙara sakin acetylcholine daga ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi

Kwayar cutar ta LES na iya inganta ta hanyar warkar da cutar, kawar da garkuwar jiki, ko cire kwayoyin cuta. Koyaya, LES paraneoplastic bazai iya amsawa da magani ba. (Paraneoplastic LES bayyanar cututtuka saboda canzawar tsarin garkuwar jiki zuwa ƙari). Mutuwa sanadiyyar mummunar cuta.

Matsalolin LES na iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin wahalar numfashi, gami da matsalar numfashi (wanda ba a cika sani ba)
• Matsalar haɗiyewa
• Cututtuka, irin su ciwon huhu
• Raunuka daga faɗuwa da matsaloli tare da daidaituwa

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan alamun cutar LES suka ɓullo.

Ciwan Myasthenic; Ciwon Eaton-Lambert; Lambert-Eaton ciwo mai cutar sankara; LEMS; LES

• Musclesananan tsokoki na baya

Evoli A, Vincent A. Rashin lafiya na watsawar neuromuscular. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 394.

Moss SH. Fatar ido da cututtukan jijiyoyin fuska. A cikin: Liu GT, Volpe NJ, Galetta SL, eds. Liu, Volpe, da Galetta na Neuro-Ophthalmology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 14.

Sanders DB, Guptill JT. Rashin lafiya na watsawar neuromuscular. A cikin: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology a cikin Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi 109.