Ciwon Tourette

Ciwon Tourette wani yanayi ne da ke sa mutum ya maimaita, saurin motsi ko sautunan da ba za su iya sarrafawa ba.

Tourette ciwo an kira shi ne don Georges Gilles de la Tourette, wanda ya fara bayanin wannan cuta a cikin 1885. Wataƙila cutar ta shiga cikin iyalai.

Ciwon na iya haɗuwa da matsaloli a wasu yankuna na kwakwalwa. Wataƙila yana da alaƙa da sinadarai (dopamine, serotonin, da norepinephrine) waɗanda ke taimakawa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin su yiwa juna alama.

Ciwon Tourette na iya zama mai tsanani ko mai rauni. Yawancin mutane da ke da sassauƙan maganganu na iya zama ba su san su ba kuma ba sa neman taimakon likita. Mafi karancin mutane suna da nau'ikan cututtukan Tourette.

Ciwon Tourette ya ninka sau 4 na yiwuwar faruwa a samari kamar na yara mata. Akwai damar 50% cewa mutumin da ke fama da ciwo na Tourette zai ba da kwayar cutar ga 'ya'yansa.

Kwayar cutar Tourette galibi ana lura da ita yayin yarinta, tsakanin shekaru 7 zuwa 10. Yawancin yara masu fama da cutar Tourette suma suna da wasu matsalolin kiwon lafiya. Waɗannan na iya haɗa da rikicewar rikicewar rikicewar hankali (ADHD), rikicewar rikitarwa (OCD), rikicewar rikitarwa, ko baƙin ciki.

Alamar farko ta farko ita ce tic na fuska. Sauran dabaru na iya biyo baya. Tic shine kwatsam, sauri, maimaita motsi ko sauti.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan Tourette na iya kasancewa daga ƙananan, ƙananan motsi (kamar grunts, shaƙar hanci, ko tari) zuwa motsi na yau da kullun da sautunan da ba za a iya sarrafa su ba.

Daban-daban nau'ikan tics na iya haɗawa da:

• Tharfafa hannu
• Lumshe ido yayi
• Tsalle
• Shura
• Maimaita share wuya ko shaka
• Kafada kafada

Tics na iya faruwa sau da yawa a rana. Sun fi dacewa su inganta ko suyi rauni a lokuta daban-daban. Tics na iya canzawa tare da lokaci. Kwayar cututtuka sau da yawa suna taɓarɓarewa kafin ƙuruciya.

Sabanin yadda ake yadawa, mutane kalilan ne ke amfani da kalmomin la'ana ko wasu kalmomi ko jimloli marasa dacewa (coprolalia).

Ciwon Tourette ya bambanta da OCD. Mutanen da ke tare da OCD suna jin kamar suna yin halayen. Wani lokaci mutum na iya samun cututtukan Tourette da OCD.

Yawancin mutane da cututtukan Tourette na iya dakatar da yin tic ɗin na lokaci. Amma sun gano cewa tic ɗin ya fi ƙarfi na fewan mintuna bayan sun ba shi damar sake farawa. Sau da yawa, tic yana jinkiri ko tsayawa yayin bacci.

Babu gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje don tantance cututtukan Tourette. Wataƙila mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai bincika don kawar da wasu dalilai na alamun alamun.

Don kamuwa da cutar Tourette, mutum dole ne:

• Shin kuna da tics na motsa jiki da yawa ko ɗaya, ko da yake waɗannan maganganun bazai faru ba a lokaci guda.
• Yi tics wanda ke faruwa sau da yawa a rana, kusan kowace rana ko akunne da kashewa, na tsawon sama da shekara 1.
• Kun fara dabarun kafin shekaru 18.
• Ba ku da wata matsala ta ƙwaƙwalwar da za ta iya zama sanadin alamun alamun.

Ba a kula da mutanen da ke da ƙananan alamu. Wannan saboda sakamakon illa na magunguna na iya zama mafi muni fiye da alamun cututtukan Tourette.

Nau'in maganin maganganu (halayyar halayyar halayyar mutum) wanda ake kira juya-al'ada na iya taimakawa wajen danne tics.

Akwai magunguna daban-daban don magance cututtukan Tourette. Ainihin maganin da ake amfani dashi ya dogara da alamun cutar da duk wasu matsalolin likita.

Tambayi mai ba ku sabis idan zurfafa ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa zaɓi ne a gare ku. Ana kimanta shi don manyan alamun cututtukan Tourette da halaye masu tilastawa-tilastawa. Ba a ba da shawarar maganin lokacin da waɗannan alamun suka faru a cikin mutum ɗaya.

Za a iya samun ƙarin bayani da tallafi ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar Tourette da danginsu a:

• Ureungiyar Tourette ta Amurka - tourette.org/online-support-groups-tourette-syndrome/

Kwayar cutar galibi galibi ta kasance mafi munin yayin samartaka sannan kuma ta inganta a farkon balaga. A wasu mutane, bayyanar cututtuka suna gushewa gaba ɗaya na fewan shekaru sannan su dawo. A cikin 'yan mutane, alamun ba sa dawowa gaba ɗaya.

Yanayin da zai iya faruwa ga mutanen da ke da cutar Tourette sun haɗa da:

• Batutuwan da suka shafi fushin mutum
• Rashin hankali na rashin kulawa da hankali (ADHD)
• Halin motsa jiki
• Rashin hankali-tilasta cuta
• Kwarewar zamantakewar jama'a

Wadannan yanayin suna buƙatar bincikar su da kuma magance su.

Yi alƙawari tare da mai ba da sabis idan kai ko yaro suna da tics waɗanda ke da tsanani ko tsayayye, ko kuma idan sun tsoma baki tare da rayuwar yau da kullun.

Babu sanannun rigakafin.

Gilles de la Tourette ciwo; Rikicin Tic - Ciwon Tourette

Jankovic J. Parkinson cuta da sauran rikicewar motsi. A cikin: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology a cikin Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 96.

Martinez-Ramirez D, Jimenez-Shahed J, Leckman JF, et al. Inganci da amincin zurfin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin cututtukan Tourette: Toungiyar Tourette na Deepasashen Duniya mai zurfin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da bayanan rajista. JAMA Neurol. 2018; 75 (3): 353-359. PMID: 29340590 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29340590/.

Ryan CA, Walter HJ, DeMaso DR. Motsa jiki da halaye. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 37.