Allerji
Rashin lafiyan shine amsawa ta rigakafi ko aiki ga abubuwa waɗanda yawanci basa cutarwa.
Allerji na kowa ne. Dukkanin kwayoyin halitta da muhalli suna taka rawa.Idan iyayenku biyu suna da rashin lafiyan jiki, akwai damar da zaku iya samu, suma.
Tsarin garkuwar jiki yakan kare jiki daga abubuwa masu cutarwa, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Hakanan yana yin tasiri ga abubuwa na ƙasashen waje waɗanda ake kira allergens. Wadannan yawanci basu da lahani kuma mafi yawan mutane basa haifar da matsala.
A cikin mutumin da ke fama da rashin lafiyan jiki, amsawar rigakafi yana da ƙima. Lokacin da ya gano mai cutar, tsarin na rigakafi yana ƙaddamar da martani. Ana sakin sinadarai kamar su tarihi. Wadannan sunadarai suna haifar da alamun rashin lafiyan.
Abubuwan rashin lafiyan gama gari sun haɗa da:
- Kwayoyi
- Kura
- Abinci
- Dafin kwari
- Mould
- Dabbobin gida da sauran dander na dabbobi
- Pollen
Wasu mutane suna da alaƙar kama da yanayin zafi ko sanyi, hasken rana, ko wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da muhalli. Wani lokaci, gogayya (shafawa ko shafawa) yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka.
Allerji na iya haifar da wasu yanayi na likita, kamar matsalolin sinus, eczema, da asma, mafi munin.
Mafi yawa, ɓangaren jikin da alaƙar ke shafar abin da alamomin kuka ci gaba. Misali:
- Allergen da kuke shaka a ciki galibi yakan haifar da toshe hanci, hanci da maƙogwaro, ƙura, tari, da kuma kuzari.
- Allergen da ke taba idanu na iya haifar da kaikayi, na ruwa, ja, kumbura idanu.
- Cin wani abu da kake rashin lafiyan sa na iya haifar da tashin zuciya, amai, ciwon ciki, cushewar ciki, gudawa, ko kuma mai tsanani, barazanar rai.
- Allergens da ke taɓa fata na iya haifar da fatar fata, amya, ƙaiƙayi, kumbura, ko fatar fata.
- Magungunan ƙwayoyi yawanci suna haɗuwa da jiki duka kuma yana iya haifar da alamu iri-iri.
Wasu lokuta, rashin lafiyar na iya haifar da amsa wanda ya shafi jiki duka.
Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambayoyi, kamar lokacin da rashin lafiyan ya auku.
Ana iya buƙatar gwajin rashin lafiyan don gano ko alamun cutar haƙiƙa ce ta gaske ko kuma wasu matsaloli ne ke haifar da su. Misali, cin gurbataccen abinci (guba a abinci) na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka kama da ƙoshin abinci. Wasu magunguna (kamar su aspirin da ampicillin) na iya haifar da halayen da ba na rashin lafiyan ba, gami da rashes. Hancin hanci ko tari na iya zama ainihin dalilin kamuwa da cuta.
Gwajin fata shine hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta gwajin rashin lafiyar:
- Gwajin gwajin ya kunshi sanya kadan daga cikin abubuwan da ake zargi masu haifar da rashin lafiyar a fatar, sannan kuma su dusar da yankin kadan don abu ya motsa a karkashin fata. Ana sa ido sosai akan fatar alamun wani aiki, wanda ya hada da kumburi da ja.
- Gwajin intradermal ya haɗa da allurar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a ƙarƙashin fatarka, sannan kallon fatar don wani aiki.
- Ana karanta duka prick da intradermal mintuna 15 bayan aikace-aikacen gwajin.
- Gwajin facin ya haɗa da sanya faci tare da wanda ake zargi da cutar a jikin fatarku. Fatar ana sa ido sosai don alamun sakamako. Ana amfani da wannan gwajin don ƙayyade alaƙar lamba. Yawanci ana karanta sa'o'i 48 zuwa 72 bayan aikace-aikacen gwajin.
Hakanan likita zai iya bincika tasirin ku ga abubuwan motsa jiki ta hanyar amfani da zafi, sanyi, ko wasu abubuwan motsa jiki a jikin ku da kuma kula da amsar rashin lafiyan.
Gwajin jini da za a iya yi sun haɗa da:
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE), wanda ke auna matakan abubuwa masu alaƙa da rashin lafiyan
- Kammalallen ƙidayar jini (CBC) yayin da ake yin ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar ƙwayar farin eosinophil
A wasu lokuta, likita na iya gaya maka ka guji wasu abubuwa don ka ga ko ka samu sauƙi, ko kuma ka yi amfani da abubuwan da ake zargi don ganin ka ji daɗi. Wannan ana kiransa "gwajin amfani ko kawarwa." Ana amfani da wannan sau da yawa don bincika abincin abinci ko magani.
Matsanancin rashin lafiyan jiki (anaphylaxis) yana buƙatar magani tare da magani wanda ake kira epinephrine. Zai iya zama ceton rai lokacin da aka bayar nan da nan. Idan kayi amfani da epinephrine, kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa ta gida kuma kai tsaye zuwa asibiti.
Hanya mafi kyau don rage bayyanar cututtuka shine don guje wa abin da ke haifar da rashin lafiyar ku. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga abinci da magungunan ƙwayoyi.
Akwai nau'ikan magunguna da yawa don hanawa da magance rashin lafiyar jiki. Wanne magani likitanku ya ba da shawarar ya dogara da nau'in da mawuyacin alamunku, shekarunku, da lafiyar ku gaba ɗaya.
Cututtukan da rashin lafiyar ke haifar (kamar asma, zazzabin hay, da eczema) na iya buƙatar wasu magunguna.
Magungunan da za a iya amfani dasu don magance rashin lafiyar sun hada da:
ANTIHISTAMINES
Ana samun antihistamines a kan-kanti da kantin magani. Akwai su ta hanyoyi daban-daban, gami da:
- Capsules da kwayoyi
- Ido ta sauke
- Allura
- Liquid
- Fesa hanci
CORTICOSTEROIDS
Waɗannan su ne magungunan kashe kumburi. Akwai su ta hanyoyi da yawa, gami da:
- Man shafawa da shafawa don fata
- Ido ta sauke
- Fesa hanci
- Maganin huhu
- Kwayoyi
- Allura
Mutanen da ke da alamun rashin lafiyar mai tsanani za a iya ba su maganin corticosteroid ko allura na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
'YAN ADDINI
Masu narkar da dima jiki suna taimakawa wajen toshe hanci. Kada a yi amfani da maganin feshin hanci sama da kwanaki da yawa saboda suna iya haifar da sakamako na dawo da kuma cushe cunkoso. Magungunan da ke shan kwaya ba sa haifar da wannan matsalar. Mutanen da ke da hawan jini, matsalolin zuciya, ko kuma faɗaɗa prostate ya kamata su yi amfani da lalata abubuwa da hankali.
SAURAN magunguna
Masu hana Leukotriene magunguna ne da ke toshe abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyar. Mutane da ke fama da asma da kuma rashin lafiyan cikin gida da na waje na iya sanya waɗannan magunguna.
HARSUNA KWANA
Ana ba da shawarar ɗaukar hoto na rashin lafia (immunotherapy) a wasu lokuta idan ba za ku iya guje wa alaƙar ba kuma alamunku suna da wuyar sarrafawa. Allerts na rashin lafiyan yana kiyaye jikinka daga yawan maida martani ga mai cutar. Zaka sami allurai na yau da kullun na rashin lafiyan. Kowane kashi ya fi girma fiye da na ƙarshe har sai an kai matakin iyakar. Wadannan hotunan ba sa aiki ga kowa kuma dole ne ku ziyarci likita sau da yawa.
MAGANCIN MUTANE DA RUFEWA (SLIT)
Maimakon harbe-harbe, magani da aka saka ƙarƙashin harshe na iya taimakawa ga ciyawa, ragweed, da ƙoshin lafiya na ƙurar ƙura.
Tambayi mai ba ku sabis ko akwai masu cutar asma da kuma kungiyoyin tallafi a yankinku.
Yawancin yawancin rashin lafiyar za a iya magance su da sauƙi ta magani.
Wasu yara na iya yin rashin lafiyan, musamman rashin abincin abinci. Amma da zarar abu ya haifar da rashin lafiyan, yawanci yakan ci gaba da shafar mutum.
Magungunan allerji sun fi tasiri yayin amfani da su don magance zazzaɓin hay da ƙarancin cututtukan kwari. Ba a amfani da su don magance cututtukan abinci saboda haɗarin mummunan sakamako.
Shots of Allergy na iya buƙatar magani na shekaru, amma suna aiki a mafi yawan lokuta. Koyaya, suna iya haifar da sakamako mai cutarwa (kamar su kumburi da kumburi) da sakamako mai haɗari (kamar anaphylaxis). Yi magana da mai ba ka sabis ko saukar da rashin lafiyan (SLIT) sun dace maka.
Matsalolin da zasu iya haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki ko maganin su sun hada da:
- Anaphylaxis (rashin lafiyar mai barazanar rai)
- Matsalar numfashi da rashin jin daɗi yayin aikin rashin lafiyan
- Bacci da sauran illolin magunguna
Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba da sabis idan:
- M bayyanar cututtuka na rashin lafiyan faruwa
- Jiyya don rashin lafiyar jiki ba ta aiki
Shayar da nono na iya taimakawa wajen hana ko rage rashin lafiyan lokacin da kake shayar da jarirai ta wannan hanyar kawai tsawon watanni 4 zuwa 6. Koyaya, canza abincin mahaifiya lokacin ciki ko yayin shayarwa ba ze taimaka taimakawa hana rashin lafiyar jiki ba.
Ga yawancin yara, canza abinci ko amfani da dabaru na musamman ba ze hana rigakafin rashin lafiyan ba. Idan mahaifi, ɗan’uwa, ’yar’uwa, ko wasu’ yan’uwa suna da tarihin ƙuruciya da rashin lafiyan jiki, tattauna batun ciyarwa tare da likitan yaranku.
Har ila yau, akwai shaidar cewa fuskantar wasu abubuwan alerji (kamar su ƙurar ƙura da dander cat) a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa na iya hana wasu alamomin. Wannan shi ake kira "tsabtace tsabtace jiki." Ya fito ne daga lura cewa jarirai a gonaki suna da ƙarancin alaƙa fiye da waɗanda suka girma a cikin mahalli marasa tsabta. Koyaya, yaran da suka manyanta ba su da fa'ida.
Da zarar rashin lafiyar ta ci gaba, magance cututtukan da kuma guje wa abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar na iya hana halayen a nan gaba.
Allergy - rashin lafiyan; Allergy - rashin lafiyan
- Rashin lafiyar rhinitis - abin da za a tambayi likitanka - babba
- Rashin lafiyar rhinitis - abin da za a tambayi likitanka - yaro
- Asthma - magunguna masu saurin gaggawa
- Maganin rashin lafiyan
- Alamun rashin lafiyan
- An saki histamine
- Gabatarwa don maganin rashin lafiyan
- Hives (urticaria) a hannu
- Hives (urticaria) akan kirji
- Allerji
- Antibodies
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Custovic A, Tovey E. Allergen kulawa don rigakafi da kula da cututtukan rashin lafiyan. A cikin: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, Broide DH, et al, eds. Middleton ta Allergy: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 84.
Nadeau KC. Gabatarwa ga mai haƙuri tare da rashin lafiyan ko cutar rigakafi. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 235.
Wallace DV, Dykewicz MS, Oppenheimer J, Portnoy JM, Lang DM. Magungunan magani na rhinitis na rashin lafiyan yanayi: fassarar jagoranci daga ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa ta 2017 akan sigogin aikin. Ann Intern Med. 2017; 167 (12): 876-881. PMID: 29181536 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29181536/.