Cutar sankara ta fata

Cutar sankara ta kwayar cuta ita ce ta biyu mafi yawan cututtukan daji a Amurka.

Sauran nau'ikan cutar kansa ta fata sune:

• Basal cell ciwon daji
• Melanoma

Cutar sankara ta fata mai laushi ta shafi epidermis, saman fata na fata.

Cancerwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya faruwa a cikin fata mara lahani. Hakanan zai iya faruwa a cikin fatar da ta ji rauni ko ta ƙone. Yawancin cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna faruwa akan fata wanda ke fuskantar hasken rana kai tsaye ko wasu radiation na ultraviolet.

Nau'in farko na cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ake kira Bowen cuta (ko ƙwayar sankara a cikin wuri). Wannan nau'in ba ya yaduwa zuwa kyallen takarda na kusa, saboda har yanzu yana cikin saman saman fata.

Actinic keratosis cuta ce ta fata wacce ke iya zama cutar sankara ta kwayar cuta. (Wani rauni yanki ne mai matsala na fata.)

Keratoacanthoma wani nau'in nau'in kwayar cutar kanjamau ce wacce ke girma cikin sauri.

Rashin haɗarin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta haɗa da:

• Samun fata mai launin shuɗi, shuɗi ko idanu masu shuɗi, ko shuɗi mai haske ko ja.
• Dogon lokaci, bayyanar rana (kamar a mutanen da ke aiki a waje).
• Da yawa kunar rana a jiki a farkon rayuwa.
• Yawan shekaru.
• Bayan an sami hotuna masu yawa.
• Bayyanar sinadarai, kamar su arsenic.
• Tsarin garkuwar jiki ya raunana, musamman a cikin mutanen da aka yiwa dashen wani gaɓa.

Cutar sankara mai rikitarwa yawanci na faruwa a fuska, kunnuwa, wuya, hannaye, ko hannaye. Yana iya faruwa a wasu yankuna.

Babban alamar ita ce ciwan da ke girma wanda ke da ƙarancin yanayi, shimfidar fuska da launuka masu ja ja.

Farkon tsari (ƙwaƙƙwarar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin wuri) na iya bayyana kamar ƙwanƙwasa, ɓawatacce, da kuma manyan facin ja wanda zai iya zama ya fi girman inci 1 (santimita 2.5).

Ciwon da baya warkewa na iya zama alamar cutar kanjamau. Duk wani canjin da yake faruwa a yanzu, tawadar ruwa, ko kuma wani rauni na fata na iya zama alamar cutar kansa.

Likitanka zai duba fatarka ya kalli girma, sura, launi, da kuma yanayin kowane yanki da ake zargi.

Idan likitanku yana tsammanin kuna da cutar kansa ta fata, za a cire wani fatar. Wannan shi ake kira biopsy na fata. Ana aika samfurin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji a ƙarƙashin microscope.

Dole ne a yi gwajin kimiyyar fata don tabbatar da ƙwayar kansar fata ta ƙwayoyin cuta ko wasu cututtukan fata.

Yin jiyya ya dogara da girma da wurin da cutar sankarar fata take, da yadda ta yadu, da kuma lafiyarku baki ɗaya. Wasu cututtukan fata na ƙwayoyin salula na iya zama da wahalar magani.

Jiyya na iya ƙunsar:

• Fitarwa: Yankewar kansar fata da ɗinke fatar tare.
• Curettage da electrodessication: Yin watsi da ƙwayoyin kansar da amfani da wutar lantarki don kashe duk wanda ya rage. Ana amfani dashi don magance cututtukan daji wadanda basu da girma ko zurfi.
• Cryosurgery: Daskare ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, wanda ke kashe su. Ana amfani da wannan don ƙananan cututtukan daji na kankara (marasa zurfin gaske).
• Magunguna: Man shafawa na fata waɗanda ke ɗauke da imiquimod ko 5-fluorouracil don ƙanƙantar ƙwayar cutar sankara.
• Tiyatar Mohs: Cire wata fatar fata tare da dubanta kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin microscope, sannan cire matakan fata har sai babu alamun cutar kansa, yawanci ana amfani da shi don cutar kansa ta hanci, kunnuwa, da sauran sassan fuska.
• Photodynamic therapy: Yin amfani da haske ana iya amfani dashi don magance cututtukan daji na sama.
• Radiation therapy: ana iya amfani dashi idan kansar sikari ta yadu zuwa gaɓoɓi ko ƙwayoyin lymph ko kuma idan ba za'a iya magance kansar ta hanyar tiyata ba.

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Yadda mutum yake yi ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa, haɗe da yadda ba da daɗewa ba aka gano kansar, wurin, da kuma ko kuna da rauni na garkuwar jiki. Yawancin waɗannan cututtukan suna warke lokacin da aka magance su da wuri.

Wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na iya dawowa. Har ila yau, akwai haɗarin cewa cutar sankara mai saurin yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba da lafiyar ku idan kuna da ciwo ko tabo a fatarku da ke canzawa:

• Bayyanar
• Launi
• Girma
• Kayan shafawa

Hakanan kira mai ba ka sabis idan tabo ya zama mai zafi ko kumbura ko idan ya fara jini ko kaikayi.

Canungiyar Ciwon Sankara ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar cewa mai ba da fatawa ya binciki fatar ku duk shekara idan kun girme shekaru 40 kuma kowace shekara 3 idan kun kasance shekaru 20 zuwa 40. Idan kana da cutar daji ta fata, ya kamata a riƙa yin bincike akai-akai don likita ya bincika fatarka.

Hakanan ya kamata ku bincika fatar ku sau ɗaya a wata. Yi amfani da madubin hannu don wuraren da ba za a iya gani ba. Kira likitan ku idan kun lura da wani abu mai ban mamaki.

Hanya mafi kyawu don hana kamuwa da cutar kansa ita ce ta rage fitowar ka ga hasken rana. Koyaushe yi amfani da hasken rana:

• Aiwatar da fuska mai kariya daga hasken rana (SPF) aƙalla 30, koda lokacin da za ku fita waje na ɗan gajeren lokaci.
• Aiwatar da man shafawa mai yawa a duk wuraren da aka fallasa, gami da kunnuwa da ƙafa.
• Nemi hasken rana wanda ya toshe duka UVA da UVB.
• Yi amfani da sinadarin rana mai hana ruwa gudu.
• Aiwatar da hasken rana a ƙalla minti 30 kafin a fita. Bi umarnin kunshin game da sau nawa za'a sake amfani dasu. Tabbatar sake shafawa bayan iyo ko gumi.
• Yi amfani da hasken rana a lokacin hunturu da kuma kwanakin girgije, suma.

Sauran matakan da zasu taimaka muku guji yawan ɗaukar rana:

• Hasken Ultraviolet ya fi tsananta tsakanin 10 na safe zuwa 4 na yamma. Don haka yi ƙoƙari ka guji rana a waɗannan awannin.
• Kare fatar ta hanyar sanya huluna masu fadi-fadi, manyan riguna masu dogon hannu, dogon siket, ko wando. Hakanan zaka iya sayan tufafi masu kariya daga rana.
• Kauce wa saman da ke ƙara haskaka haske, kamar ruwa, yashi, kankare, da wuraren da aka zana fari.
• Matsayi mafi tsayi, da sauri fatar ku ta ƙone.
• Kada ayi amfani da fitilun rana da gadajen tann (wuraren gyaran gashi). Kashe mintuna 15 zuwa 20 a gidan gyaran tanning na da haɗari kamar ranar da aka sha rana.

Ciwon daji - fata - cell squamous; Ciwon daji na fata - cell squamous; Nonmelanoma ciwon daji na fata - kwayar squamous; NMSC - kwayar squamous; Cutar sankara ta fata; Cinwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar fata

• Ciwon Bowen a hannu
• Keratoacanthoma
• Keratoacanthoma
• Ciwon kan fata, kwayar cuta mai kama - kusa-kusa
• Ciwon fata - ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a hannu
• Amwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta - mai cin zali
• Cheilitis - actinic
• Cancerwayar ƙwayar cutar kansa

Habif TP. Premalignant da m nonmelanoma cututtukan fata. A cikin: Habif TP, ed. Clinical Dermatology: Jagoran Launi don Bincikowa da Far. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 21.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Maganin kansar fata (PDQ®) - Sanarwar Kwararru ta Kiwon Lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/skin/hp/skin-treatment-pdq#section/_222. An sabunta Disamba 17, 2019. An shiga 24 ga Fabrairu, 2020.

Yanar gizo Yanar Gizon Cutar Kanjamau ta Kasa. NCCN Sharuɗɗan icalabi'ar Gudanarwa a Oncology (NCCN Guidelines): Basal cell skin cancer. Sigar 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/nmsc.pdf. An sabunta Oktoba 24, 2019.An shiga Fabrairu 24, 2020.

Tasungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, et al. Nunawa don cutar kansa ta fata: Sanarwar shawarar Tasungiyar Servicesungiyar Ayyuka ta Amurka. JAMA. 2016; 316: (4) 429-435. PMID: 27458948 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27458948.