Cerebral arteriovenous mummunan aiki

Cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (AVM) haɗuwa ce mara kyau tsakanin jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin da ke cikin kwakwalwa wanda yawanci yakan samu kafin haihuwa.

Ba a san dalilin AVM ba. AVM yana faruwa lokacin da jijiyoyin cikin kwakwalwa suka haɗu kai tsaye zuwa jijiyoyin da ke kusa ba tare da samun ƙananan ƙananan tasoshin (capillaries) tsakanin su.

AVMs sun bambanta cikin girma da wuri a cikin kwakwalwa.

Rushewar AVM na faruwa saboda matsi da lalacewar jijiyoyin jini. Wannan yana bawa jini damar zubowa (zubar jini) a cikin kwakwalwa ko kuma kayanda suke kewaye dashi kuma yana rage gudan jini zuwa kwakwalwa.

Cerebral AVMs ba su da yawa. Kodayake yanayin ya kasance a lokacin haihuwa, alamomin na iya faruwa a kowane zamani. Ruptures yakan fi faruwa sau da yawa a cikin mutane masu shekaru 15 zuwa 20. Hakanan yana iya faruwa daga baya a rayuwa. Wasu mutanen da ke da AVM suma suna da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwakwalwa.

A cikin kusan rabin mutanen da ke da cutar ta AVMs, alamun farko sune na bugun jini da ke faruwa sakamakon zub da jini a cikin kwakwalwa.

Kwayar cutar AVM da ke zub da jini sune:

• Rikicewa
• Noisearar kunne / buzzing (wanda ake kira pulsatile tinnitus)
• Ciwon kai a ɗaya ko fiye da sassan kansa, na iya zama kamar ƙaura
• Matsalar tafiya
• Kamawa

Kwayar cututtuka saboda matsin lamba a wani yanki na kwakwalwa sun hada da:

• Matsalar hangen nesa
• Dizziness
• Raunin tsoka a wani yanki na jiki ko fuska
• Nono a wani yanki na jiki

Mai ba da lafiyar ku zai yi gwajin jiki. Za a tambaye ku game da alamunku, tare da mai da hankali kan matsalolin tsarinku. Gwajin da za'a iya amfani dashi don tantance AVM sun haɗa da:

• Brain angiogram
• Utedididdigar hoto (CT) angiogram
• Shugaban MRI
• Kayan lantarki (EEG)
• Shugaban CT scan
• Magnetic fuska angiography (MRA)

Neman mafi kyawun magani don AVM wanda aka samo akan gwajin hoto, amma ba ya haifar da wata alama, zai iya zama da wahala. Mai ba ku sabis zai tattauna da ku:

• Haɗarin da AVM ɗinku zai iya buɗewa (fashewa). Idan wannan ya faru, akwai yiwuwar lalacewar kwakwalwa ta dindindin.
• Haɗarin lalacewar kwakwalwa idan kuna da ɗayan tiyatar da aka jera a ƙasa.

Mai ba ku sabis na iya tattauna abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda na iya haɓaka haɗarin zub da jini, gami da:

• Ciki ko na ciki
• Menene AVM yake kama da gwajin hoto
• Girman AVM
• Shekarunka
• Alamunka

Zuban jini AVM na gaggawa ne na likita. Makasudin magani shine don hana ci gaba da rikitarwa ta hanyar sarrafa jini da kamuwa da cutar, in ya yiwu, cire AVM.

Akwai magunguna uku masu aiki. Ana amfani da wasu jiyya tare.

Bude tiyatar kwakwalwa yana cire haɗin mahaukaci. Ana yin tiyatar ta hanyar buɗewar da aka yi a cikin kwanyar.

Haɓakawa (jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini):

• Ana yi wa catheter jagora ta cikin ƙaramin abin yankewa a cikin gwaiwar ku. Yana shiga cikin jijiya sannan kuma zuwa cikin kananan jijiyoyin jini a cikin kwakwalwar ku inda iskar take.
• An saka wani abu mai kama da manne a cikin tasoshin da ba na al'ada ba. Wannan yana dakatar da gudan jini a cikin AVM kuma yana rage haɗarin zubar jini. Wannan na iya zama farkon zaɓi ga wasu nau'ikan AVMs, ko kuma idan ba za a iya yin tiyata ba.

Yin aikin tiyata na stereotactic:

• Radiation ana nufin kai tsaye akan yankin AVM. Wannan yana haifar da tabo da raguwar AVM kuma yana rage haɗarin zubar jini.
• Yana da amfani musamman ga ƙananan AVMs masu zurfin cikin kwakwalwa waɗanda ke da wahalar cirewa ta hanyar tiyata.

An ba da magunguna don dakatar da kamuwa idan an buƙata.

Wasu mutane, waɗanda alamominsu na farko shi ne zub da jini na ƙwaƙwalwa, za su mutu.Wasu na iya samun kamuwa da dindindin da ƙwaƙwalwa da matsalolin tsarin damuwa. AVMs waɗanda ba sa haifar da bayyanar cututtuka a lokacin da mutane suka kai ƙarshen 40s ko farkon 50s suna iya kasancewa da kwanciyar hankali, kuma a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, suna haifar da alamun.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Lalacewar kwakwalwa
• Zubar da jini ta cikin ciki
• Matsalar harshe
• Jin ƙyamar wani sashi na fuska ko jiki
• Ciwon kai
• Kamawa
• Zubar da jini na Subarachnoid
• Gani ya canza
• Ruwa a kwakwalwa (hydrocephalus)
• Rashin ƙarfi a ɓangaren jiki

Matsalolin da za su iya haifar da aikin tiyatar kwakwalwa sun hada da:

• Kumburin kwakwalwa
• Zubar da jini
• Kamawa
• Buguwa

Jeka dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (kamar 911) idan kana da:

• Jin ƙyama a cikin sassan jiki
• Kamawa
• Tsananin ciwon kai
• Amai
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Sauran alamun bayyanar AVM da aka fashe

Har ila yau nemi likita nan da nan idan kuna da wata damuwa ta farko, saboda AVM na iya zama dalilin kamuwa.

AVM - kwakwalwa; Harshen jini na arteriovenous; Buguwa - AVM; Ciwon jini na jini - AVM

• Yin tiyatar kwakwalwa - fitarwa
• Ciwon kai - menene za a tambayi likitan ku
• Yin aikin tiyata na stereotactic - fitarwa

• Jijiyoyin kwakwalwa

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Ortega-Barnett J, Mohanty A, Desai SK, Patterson JT. Yin tiyata. A cikin: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Littafin Sabiston na tiyata. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 67.

Stapf C. Rashin daidaito da sauran cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki. A cikin: Grotta JC, Albers GW, Broderick JP, et al, eds. Bugun jini: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 30.