Croup

Croup cuta ce ta manyan hanyoyin iska wanda ke haifar da wahalar numfashi da tari mai `` haushi ''. Croup saboda kumburi ne a kusa da igiyar muryar. Abu ne gama gari a jarirai da yara.

Croup yana shafar yara masu shekaru daga watanni 3 zuwa shekaru 5. Zai iya faruwa a kowane zamani. Wasu yara suna iya kamuwa da croup kuma suna iya kamuwa da shi sau da yawa. An fi dacewa tsakanin Oktoba da Afrilu, amma na iya faruwa a kowane lokaci na shekara.

Croup mafi yawanci ana haifar dashi ta ƙwayoyin cuta kamar parainfluenza RSV, kyanda, adenovirus, da mura. Mafi yawan lokuta mawuyacin croup na iya haifar da kwayoyin cuta. Wannan yanayin ana kiran sa kwayoyin cuta na tracheitis.

Hakanan za'a iya haifar da alamun kamuwa da cuta kamar:

• Allerji
• Numfashi cikin wani abu da yake fusata hanyar iskar ku
• Acid reflux

Babban alama ta croup shine tari wanda yake kamar haushi da hatimi.

Yawancin yara za su kamu da matsanancin sanyi da ƙananan zazzaɓi na kwanaki da yawa kafin ciwon tari da kumburin murya. Yayinda tari ke kara yawaita, yaro na iya samun matsalar yin numfashi ko mahimmiyar hanya (mai kauri, amo da ake yi yayin numfashi).

Croup yawanci yafi lalacewa da daddare. Yana yawan yin kwana 5 ko 6. Daren farko ko biyu sune mafi munin. Kadan kaɗan, zazzagewa na iya ɗaukar makonni. Yi magana da mai ba da kula da lafiyar ɗanka idan croup ya ɗauki sama da mako ɗaya ko kuma ya dawo sau da yawa.

Mai ba ku sabis zai ɗauki tarihin likita kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamun alamomin ɗanku. Mai ba da sabis zai bincika kirjin ɗanku don bincika:

• Wahalar numfashi a ciki da waje
• Sautin busa (kuwwa)
• Rage sautin numfashi
• Janyo kirji tare da numfashi

Gwajin makogwaro na iya bayyana jan epiglottis. A cikin wasu 'yan lokuta, ana iya buƙatar x-ray ko wasu gwaje-gwaje.

X-ray na iya bayyana wani baƙon abu ko ƙuntataccen trachea.

Yawancin lokuta na croup za'a iya kiyaye su cikin aminci a gida. Koyaya, yakamata ku kira mai ba ku shawara don shawara, koda a tsakiyar dare.

Matakan da zaku iya ɗauka a gida sun haɗa da:

• Bayyana wa ɗanka sanyi ko iska mai ɗumi, kamar a cikin gidan wanka mai ɗumi ko kuma a waje a cikin iska mai sanyi. Wannan na iya ba da ɗan sauƙi na numfashi.
• Kafa iska mai sanyi a cikin ɗakin kwana na yaron kuma amfani da shi nightsan nightsan dare.
• Sanya yaranku cikin nutsuwa ta hanyar basu acetaminophen. Wannan maganin shima yana saukar da zazzabi dan haka yaron bazaiyi numfashi mai karfi ba.
• Guji magungunan tari har sai kun tattauna su tare da mai bayarwa da farko.

Mai ba da sabis naka na iya rubuta magunguna, kamar su:

• Magungunan steroid da ake sha ta baki ko ta hanyar inhaler
• Magungunan rigakafi (ga wasu, amma ba mafi yawan lokuta ba)

Yaronku na iya buƙatar a kula da shi a cikin asibitin gaggawa ko kuma ya kasance a asibiti idan sun:

• Samun matsalolin numfashi wanda ba zai tafi ko ƙara muni ba
• Ka gaji sosai saboda matsalar numfashi
• Yi launin fata mai launin shuɗi
• Ba ku shan isasshen ruwa

Magunguna da jiyya da aka yi amfani da su a asibiti na iya haɗawa da:

• Magunguna masu numfashi da aka basu tare da injin nebulizer
• Magungunan maganin cututtukan da ake bayarwa ta jijiya (IV)
• Tanti mai iskar oxygen da aka ɗora a kan gadon yara
• Ruwan ruwa da aka bayar ta jijiya don rashin ruwa
• Magungunan rigakafi da aka bayar ta jijiya

Ba da daɗewa ba, za a buƙaci bututun numfashi ta hanci ko baki don taimakawa yaronku numfashi.

Croup mafi sau da yawa yana da sauƙi, amma har yanzu yana iya zama mai haɗari. Mafi yawanci yakan wuce cikin kwanaki 3 zuwa 7.

Naman dake rufe trachea (iska) ana kiran shi epiglottis. Idan epiglottis ya kamu da cutar, to gabaɗiyar gilashin iska na iya kumbura. Wannan yanayin rai ne.

Idan ba ayi maganin toshewar hanyar iska da sauri ba, yaron na iya samun matsalar numfashi ko numfashi na iya tsayawa gaba ɗaya.

Yawancin croup za a iya sarrafa su cikin aminci ta gida tare da tallafin tarho daga mai ba da sabis. Kira mai ba ku sabis idan yaronku ba ya karɓar maganin gida ko yana yin fushi.

Kira 911 yanzunnan idan:

• Cutar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya faruwa ne ta dalilin ƙwaron ƙwaro ko shaƙar iska.
• Yaronku yana da lebe mai ƙyalli ko launin fata.
• Yaranku suna nutsuwa.
• Yarinku yana fama da matsalar haɗiye.
• Akwai stridor (amo lokacin numfashi a ciki)
• Akwai jijiyoyin-tsokoki tsakanin haƙarƙari yayin numfashi a ciki.
• Yaronku yana fama da numfashi.

Wasu daga cikin matakan da za'a bi don rigakafin kamuwa da cutar sune:

• Wanke hannayenka akai-akai kuma ka guji kusanci da mutanen da ke da cutar numfashi.
• Yin rigakafi a kan kari. Diphtheria, Haemophilus mura (Hib), da allurar rigakafin kyanda suna kare yara daga wasu nau'ikan haɗarin croup.

Ƙwayoyin cuta Laryngotracheobronchitis; Croup na Spasmodic; Ciwon tari; Laryngotracheitis

• Huhu
• Gwanin jikin makogwaro
• Akwatin murya

James P, Hanna S. Babban toshewar iska a cikin yara. A cikin: Bersten AD, Handy JM, eds. Oh's Intensive Care Manual. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 106.

Rodrigues KK, Roosevelt GE. Babban cututtukan ƙananan iska (croup, epiglottitis, laryngitis, da tracheitis na kwayan cuta). A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 412.

Rose E. Harkokin gaggawa na yara na gaggawa: toshewar iska ta sama da cututtuka. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 167.

Yellon RF, Chi DH. Otolaryngology. A cikin: Zitelli BJ, McIntire Sc, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli da Davis 'Atlas na Ciwon Lafiyar Jiki na Yara. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 24.